内容发布更新时间 : 2024/11/5 21:44:29星期一 下面是文章的全部内容请认真阅读。

I. Key Terms: Matching

Match each term on the left with the most appropriate description on the right.

1. ___ polysome a. protein synthesis 2. ___ pinocytosis b. baglike structure 3. ___ exocytosis c. power generator 4. ___ plastid d. where flagella grow 5. ___ Golgi complex e. toward or away from a chemical 6. ___ flagella stimulus 7. ___ phagocytosis f. engulfment 8. ___ lysosome g. RNA and ribosomes 9. ___ basal body h. weblike 10. ___ chemotactic i. in plants only 11. ___ nucleus j. control room 12. ___ vacuole k. expel 13. ___ ribosome l. vacant 14. ___ cytoskeleton m. whiplike 15. ___ mitochondrion n. cell drinking o. packaging

Ⅱ. True or false

1. ____ The DNA of prokaryotic cells is concentrated in the nucleus. 2. ____ Ribosomes are derived from the nucleoli.

3. ____ Unlike other cell membranes, the nuclear envelope has no pores.

4. ____ The smooth endoplasmic reticulum is held in place by the cytoskeleton. 5. ____ Structural proteins are exportable.

6. ____The nuclear envelope is produced by the tough endoplasmic reticulum. 7. ____ Most cellular proteins are manufactured on ribosomes. 8. ____ White blood cells work by microbodies. 9. ____ Prokaryotic cells have microbodies. 10. ____ Mitochondria are self-replicating.

11. ____ Pinocytosis describes the intake of fluid into a cell by a cacuole.

12. ____ Both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells have a supporting cytoskeleton. 13. ____ Carotenoids are colorless molecules. 14. ____ Grana are surrounded by stomata. Ⅲ. Completion:

1. Phagocytosis is a method of cell feeding that first requires that the food be ________. 2. The ________ packages some fifty hydrolytic enzymes in ________.

3. ________ are lysosome-like vesicles containing waste products. They are thought to be

involved with cell ________.

4. Both ________ and ________ are thought to have arisen from endosymbiosis.

5. the cytoskeleton is composed of very fine ________, medium ________and larger ________. 6. Creeping and gliding cell movements are usually ________-dependent.

7. ________ behavior is shown when a cell moves toward or away from a chemical substances.

8. Flagella grow from the cell surface only at the ________. Ⅳ. Choice:

1. Most of the properties associated ：with processes of life are properties of .

a. the nucleus b. DNA c. the cytoplasm d. endosymbionts e. none of the above 2. Ribosomes ________.

a. are organelles involved in protein synthesis. b. are the cell’s main energy source. c. are storage sites for starch

d. are involved in the breakdown of proteins e. store genetic information in the form of DNA 3. Smooth endoplasmic reticulum (SER) ________ a. lacks of ribosomes

b. is active in fat and steroid synthesis c. is involved in the oxidation of toxins d. all of the above e. none of the above

4. Ribosomens are manufactured in _____. a. cytoplasm b. nucleoli

c. mitochondria

d. smooth endoplasmic reticulum f. rough endoplasmic reticulum 5. Lysosomes contain ____. a. hydrolytic enzymes b. genetic material c. stored fats d. proteins

e. carbonhydrates

6. The process of phagocytosis involves _____. a. cacuolar engulfing of particulate matter b. exocytosis

c. intake of water by a cell’s vacuole

d. expulsion of particulate matter from a cell e. expulsion of water from a cell.

7. Transformation of energy and storage of energy in the cell are the main function of ____. a. ribosomes b. microbodies

c. contractile vacuoles d. mitochondria

e. smooth endoplasmic reticulum

8. In the mitochonadria, enzymes involved in ATP generation are ____. a. located within the matrix b. located on the cristae

c. located on ribosomes in the matrix

d. dispersed throughout the cristae and matrix e. associated with polysomes

9. Chromoplasts are a type of ____. a. pigment b. storage bin c. nutrient bank d. plastid

e. none of the above

10. An mRNA molecule and its associated ribosomes make up ____. a. a multisome b. a polysome c. a lysosome d. a monosome e. none of the above

11. Leucoplasts are plastids that ____. a. contain carotenoid

b. are involved in photosynthesis

c. serve as a storage site for starch, proteins, and oils d. are responsible for plant pigmentation e. none of the above

12. Each individual cell is supported by a network of filaments and tubules known are ____. a. cytoplasm b. a vacuole

c. an endoplasmic reticulum d. a cytoskeleton

e. a plasma membrane

13. In prokaryotic cell the DNA is ____. a. found in the nucleus

b. organized into a number of discrete chromosomes c. condensed into an unbounded area called the nucleoid d. condensed into nucleoli

e. enclosed in a nuclear envelope

14. Amino acids are assembled into proteins in the cells ____. a. in the nucleus b. on ribosomes c. in mitochondria d. in lysosomes

e. in the Golgi complex

15. During protein synthesis a single mRNA molecular may be associated with several ribosomes to form ____. a. a gene b. lysosome c. a polysome

d. smooth endoplasmic reticulum

e. rough endoplasmic reticulum

16. export proteins are proteins destined for export from the cell or for inclusion in-cell membranes. They can be identified by ____. a. their secondary structure

b. a sequence of amino acids known as signal peptide c. their associated with a polysome d. all of the above e. none of the above

17. Proteins synthesized on endoplasmic reticulum are modified ____. a. in vacuoles

b. in the cell membrane c. in the Golgi complex d. in lysosomes

e. not at all after synthesis

18. An amoeba living in water whose tonicity is lower than that of its internal cytoplasm must deal with a constant influx of water into the cell. It expels this excess water by ____. a. using excretory proteins

b. waterproofing its cell membrane with lipids c. using a contractile vacuole d. using phagocytosis

e. moving to an environment with lower tonicity

19. Hydrolytic enzymes in the cell digest food in the ____. a. lysosome

b. Golgi complex c. mitochondria d. chloroplast

e. endoplasmic reticulum

20. An organelles isolated from an animal cell is found to contain large numbers of enzymes involved in energy transformation. This organelle is most likely to be ____. a. a lysosome

b. a Golgi complex c. a mitochondrion d. a chloroplast e. a leucoplast