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必修 4 Unit 1

重点词汇讲解

behave

【语境展示】阅读下面句子，注意并归纳behave的意思及用法。 1. They behaved well / badly / properly towards their guests. 2. Bob behaved like a perfect gentleman at the party.

3. They never greet each other and behave as if / as though they were strangers. 4. Unless you behave yourself, you won’t get any present.

【自我归纳】 behave是动词，可意为“________” （句1—句3），常与副词well / badly / properly等连用（句1）, 也常用于behave like, behave as if / as though结构（句2、句3）；还可意为“表现得体，有礼貌”， 常用于behave oneself结构（句4）。 【拓展】

behaviour n. 行为，态度 【即学即练】翻译下面句子。

1. 我希望我不在的时候你们乖乖的。

________________________________________________________ 2. 汤姆表现得像是什么都没发生过。

________________________________________________________ 3. 他一直表现很差。

________________________________________________________ 参考答案 behave

【自我归纳】 表现 【即学即练】

1. I want you to behave yourselves while I’m away. 2. Tom behaved as if / though nothing had happened. 3. He has been behaving very badly. observe

【语境展示】阅读下面句子，注意并归纳observe的意思及用法。 1. As a child, he liked to observe the behaviour of birds. 2. Then Lucy began to observe a curious phenomenon.

3. I observed that Tom locked the door with the windows open.

4. She observed a man walking / walk on the opposite side of the street. 5. People must observe the law. Nobody should be an exception. 6. Do they observe Christmas Day in that country? 7. “Martin is a fine young man,” observed Stephen.

【自我归纳】 observe是动词，意为：①观察(句1)；②注意到，看到，后可接名词(句2)、从句(句3)、复合结构(句4)；③遵守(句5)；④庆祝(句6)；⑤评说，评论(句7)。 【即学即练】翻译下面句子。

1. The old people in the village still observe the local traditions. _______________________________

2. She observed that he’d left but said nothing. _______________________________

参考答案 observe

【即学即练】

1. 村子里的老人们仍然遵循着当地的传统。 2. 她看到他离去，但什么都没说。 deliver

【语境展示】阅读下面句子，注意并归纳deliver的意思。 1. We were told the pizza would be delivered in 20 minutes.

2. Dr. Huang delivered a speech on climate change to 300 attendants at the university. 3. They rushed her to hospital where doctors delivered her baby.

【自我归纳】deliver是动词，意为：①递送(句1)；②发表(演说)(句2)；③接生，助产(句3)。

【拓展】delivery n. 意为“送货，投递，演讲方式，分娩”。如： This company offers free delivery within the city.

Fred’s speech was interesting but his delivery was poor. Elaine had a relatively easy delivery.

【即学即练】 根据汉语意思补全下列句子(每空一词)。 1. 这个婴儿是由嘉莉的妈妈接生的。

The baby ________ ________ by Carrie’s mother. 2. 这位教授给他的学生做了一次关于哲学的演讲。

The professor ________ ________ ________ on philosophy to his students. 3. 这些花将会在48小时内送到。

These flowers will ________ ________ ________ 48 hours. 参考答案 deliver

【即学即练】

1. was delivered 2. delivered a speech 3. be delivered within refer to

【语境展示】阅读下面句子，并从a-d中找出与1-4中的refer to相符合的释义。 1. He gave the speech without referring to his notes.

2. Although she didn’t mention any names, everyone knew who she was referring to. 3. I have examined all the documents referring to the matter. 4. This author begins by referring to the early history of India.

a. 涉及，与……相关 b. 提到，说起 c. 查阅，参考 d. 指的是 【自我归纳】refer to在以上各句中的意思分别为：

1 → ________；2 → ________；3 → ________；4 → ________。 【即学即练】翻译下面句子。

1. The new law does not refer to land used for farming.

____________________________________________________________ 2. If you don’t know what it means, refer to the dictionary.

____________________________________________________________ 3. Which companies was she referring to when she spoke of competing firms? ____________________________________________________________ 参考答案

refer to

【自我归纳】1-4 cdab 【即学即练】

1. 那条新法律并不涉及耕种用地。

2. 如果你不知道它的意思，可以查字典。

3. 她提到所谓竞争的公司时，她指的是哪几家？

词汇训练

一、单句填词：根据句意和汉语或首字母提示写出单词的适当形式 1. We stood in the s to protect ourselves from the burning sun. 2. The hall was (拥挤) with exited fans and journalists.

3. The parents encouraged the children to b well in front of the guests. 4. His achievement in this field earned him the (尊重) of others scientists.

5. The doctor said the cause of his sickness is unknown and he is still in hospital for further (观察).

6. I by what he saw in the moonlight, he wrote the beautiful poem.

7. They were a with each other about the matter the whole afternoon, but reached no agreement.

8. It is (值得的) to spend the days with the farmers, learning how to farm the land. 9. He was invited to d a speech at the opening ceremony of the World Expo. 10. I had (打算) to get the early bus, but I didn’t get up early. 二、单句改错

11. Tom as well as his parents live in the city. 12. Those who breaks the law shall be punished. 13. We were about to leave while it began to rain.

14. They behaved bad toward the guests, which made us disappointed. 15. The chair intended for you, but she took it away.

16. The evidence shows that increasing use of chemicals in farming are damaging our health. 17. The boy that our teacher referred to looking forward to going abroad. 18. I came across an article about Lin Qiaozhi by the chance.

19. Suddenly it hit to me that I had an important meeting to attend that morning. 20. It is known to us all, Mary is a considerate girl. 三、完成句子

21. 他昨晚没有向我道别就离开了。(move off)

Last night he _______ _______ without _______ _______ to me. 22. 他必须努力工作来养活他的家人。(support)

He _______ _______ work hard _______ _______ his family. 23. 他被邀请在昨天的会上发表了讲话。(deliver)

He was invited _______ _______ _______ _______ at the meeting yesterday. 24. 看到那张旧相片，许多童年的记忆涌入我的脑海。(crowd into)

Seeing the old picture, a lot of memories of my childhood _______ _______ _______ _______. 25. 直到那时他才意识到他不适合这份工作。(Only……)

Only then _______ _______ _______ that he was not fit for the job. 四、完形填空

A teacher teaching math to seven-year-old Laiq asked him, “If I give you one apple and one apple and one apple, how many apples will you have?”

With a few seconds Laiq 26 confidently, “Four!”

The confused teacher was expecting a(n) 27 correct answer, three. She was disappointed. “Maybe the child didn’t hear 28 ” she thought. She 29 , “Laiq, listen carefully. If I give you one apple and one apple and one apple, how many apples will you have?”

Laiq had seen the 30 on his teacher’s face. He 31 again on his fingers. But within him he was also 32 the answer that would make the teacher happy. This time hesitatingly he replied, “Four.”

The disappointment stayed on the teacher’s face. Suddenly she 33 that Laiq liked strawberries. She thought maybe he didn’t like apples and that was why he couldn’t answer the question. This time with an excitement in her 34 she asked, “If I give you one strawberry and one strawberry and one strawberry, then how many will you have?”

Seeing the teacher 35 , young Laiq calculated on his fingers again. There was no pressure on him, but a little on the teacher. She wanted her new 36 to succeed. 37 a hesitating smile young Laiq replied, “Three?”

The teacher now had a 38 smile. Her approach had succeeded. She wanted to 39 herself. But one last thing remained. 40 she asked him, “Now if I give you one apple and one apple and one more apple, how many will you have?”

Confidently Laiq answered, “Four!” The teacher was 41 “How Laiq, how?” She demanded in a little annoyed voice.

In a voice that was 42 and hesitating young Laiq replied, “Because I already have one 43 in my bag.”

The story tells us: 44 someone gives you an answer that is 45 from what you expect, don’t think they are wrong. There shall be an angle(角度) that you may not have thought about yet.

26. A. told B. added C. replied D. wrote 27. A. worthless B. effortless C. careless D. selfless 28. A. possibly B. actively C. clearly D. strictly 29. A. repeated B. ordered C. whispered D. complained 30. A. satisfaction B. disappointment C. punishment D. determination 31. A. recognized B. discovered C. calculated D. insisted

32. A. searching for B. waiting for C. arguing for D. talking about 33. A. decided B. noticed C. expressed D. remembered 34. A. eyes B. hands C. mouth D. nose 35. A. sad B. happy C. pitiful D. lovely 36. A. invention B. system C. reform D. approach 37. A. On B. In C. With D. By

38. A. precious B. satisfied C. lasting D. appealing 39. A. thank B. congratulate C. help D. enjoy

40. A. Above all B. In vain C. On purpose D. Once again 41. A. astonished B. concerned C. amused D. relaxed 42. A. high B. low C. easy D. clear 43. A. strawberry B. apple C. coin D. box

44. A. Before B. After C. Until D. When 45. A. absent B. free C. different D. safe 五、阅读理解

Two American scientists told the people in industrial nations that they would be much healthier if they ate more of the same kind of food eaten by humans living more than 10,000 years ago.

The scientists say that the human body has changed very little since human first appeared on earth, but the way we live has changed greatly. Our body has not been able to deal with these changes in lifestyle and this has led to new kinds of sicknesses. These new sicknesses were not known in ancient times. So they are called “diseases of civilization(文明)”. Many cancers and diseases of the blood system, including heart attacks and strokes(中风), are examples of such diseases.

Scientists noted that early stoneage people used very little alcohol(酒精) or tobacco, probably none. Ancient people also got a great deal of physical exercise, but a change in food is one of the main differences between life in ancient times and life today. Stoneage people hunted wild animals for their meat, which had much less fat than farm animals. They also ate a lot of fresh wild vegetables and fruit. They did not use milk and other dairy products, and they made very little use of grains. But today, we eat a large amount of dairy products and grain food. We eat six times more salt than stoneage people. We eat more sugar. We eat twice as much fat but only one third as much protein(蛋白质) and much less vitamin C.

People today probably do not want to live as people thousands of years ago did, but scientists say that we would be much healthier if we ate as those ancient people did, cutting the amount of fatty, salty and sweet food.

46. The people in industrial nations would be much healthier if they ate ________. A. as humans living 10,000 years ago did

B. more food as humans living 10,000 years ago did

C. more kinds of food eaten by people living over 10,000 years ago

D. more of the same kind of food eaten by people over 10,000 years ago 47. New kinds of sicknesses have been found because ________.

A. the human body has changed compared with humans that first appeared on earth B. the way we live has changed a little

C. our body can't deal with the changes in lifestyle D. the way we live today is proper for the human body

48. The main reason why people suffer from a lot of new sicknesses is that ________. A. people today have more tobacco. B. people today have a lot of alcohol.

C. ancient people did a great deal of physical exercise.

D. food is quite different between life today and life in ancient times.

49. Stoneage people were much healthier than people today because they ate a lot of ________. A. salt and sugar

B. grain food and farm animals C. milk and other dairy products

D. wild animals, fresh wild vegetables and fruit

必修 4 Unit 1 答案 一、单句填词

1. shade 2. crowded 3. behave 4. respect 5. observation 6. Inspired