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Quiz (Unit 1 Book II)

I. Fill in the gaps with the given words or phrases. Change the form where necessary. Given Words:

principle, apply to, make up for, continual, retrospect, adopt, account, principal, promote, pace, critical, apply for, neglect, harbor, attach, continuous, valid, priority, pick up, superior, 1. It is said that natural fiber is ______________ synthetic fiber.

2. Your ______________interruptions are making it very difficult for me to concentrate. 3. Gas central heating provides instant warmth and a_____________ supply of hot water. 4. The ____________ aim of the policy is to bring peace to the area.

5. It is unwise to ___________ too much importance to this particular subject.

6. A bicycle or a motorcycle is built on the same _____________, though the force that moves them is different.

7. In______________, it is now clear that this battle was a turning point in the war. 8. This book does not _____________beginners.

9. I made up my mind to _______________ the scholarship.

10. By means of hard work, John ________________ his lack of experience.

11. The tourist is prevented from entering a country if he does not have a(n) ___________ passport.

12. Without proper lessons, you could _____________ a lot of bad habits when playing the piano. 13. The government is trying to do something to __________ better understanding between the two countries.

14. In order to improve our writing, we must _________ this scheme.

15. The problem requiring immediate solution will be given ___________ at the meeting. 16. Many people complain of the rapid ________ of modern life. 17. The director was _________ of the way we were doing the work. 18. On no __________ should any money be given to a small child.

19. At the beginning, the children ____________ keen interest in the game.

20. The joys of travel, having long _________ the disabled, are opening up to virtually anyone who has the means. II. Translations:

1. 在学习语言的过程中，多读多听被视为重中之重。这也是许多教育家所重视的。

(priority, attach)

2. 假设你被委派去调查这个案子，你会怎么做？(assume) 3. 中西方文化在很多方面有着很大的不同。(contrast)

4. 这位教师总是夸大学生的缺点以至于他们几乎对自己失去信心。(so much so that) 5. 现在一个非常有趣的现象是每年有不少城里人打算到农村去实现他们的理想。(intend)

Passage 1

It’s all very well to blame traffic jams, the cost of petrol and the quick pace of modern life, but manners on the road are becoming horrible: Everybody knows that the nicest men become monsters behind the wheel. It is all very well, again, to have a tiger in the tank, but to have one in the driver’s seat is another matter altogether. You might tolerate the odd road hog, the rude and inconsiderate driver, but nowadays the well-mannered motorist is the exception to the rule. Perhaps the situation calls for a “Be Kind to Other Drivers” campaign, otherwise it may get completely out of hand.

Road politeness is not only good manners, but good sense too. It takes the most cool-headed and good-tempered of drivers to resist the temptation to revenge when subjected to uncivilized behavior. On the other hand, a little politeness goes a long way towards relieving the tensions of motoring. A friendly nod or a wave of acknowledgement in response to an act of politeness helps to create an atmosphere of goodwill and tolerance so necessary in modern traffic conditions. But such acknowledgements of politeness are all too late today. Many drivers nowadays don’t even seem able to recognize politeness when they see it.

However, misplaced politeness can also be dangerous. Typical examples are the driver who brakes violently to allow a car to emerge from a side street at some hazard to following traffic, when a few seconds later the road would be clear anyway; or the man who waves a child across a zebra crossing into the path of oncoming vehicles that may be unable to stop in time. The same goes for encouraging old ladies to cross the road wherever and whenever they care to. It always amazes me that the highways are not covered with the dead bodies of these grannies.

A veteran driver, whose manners are faultless, told me that it would help if motorists learnt to filter correctly into the traffic streams one at a time without causing the total blockages that give rise to bad temper. Unfortunately, modern motorists can’t even learn to drive, let alone master the subtle aspects of roadsmanship. Years ago the experts warned us that the car-ownership explosion would demand a lot more give-and-take from all road users. It is high time for all of us to take this message to heart.

1. According to the passage, the author would probably disagree with which of the following

statements?

A. It is high time for motorists to learn good manners on the road.

B. Drivers today are typically good-mannered and be able to acknowledge politeness. C. Politeness, while being misplaced, could be dangerous too.

D. It is very hard to control one’s temper when one is treated with bad manners. 2. The word “veteran” in the last paragraph most probably means ______.

A. retired B. elderly C. experienced D. good-mannered 3. Which of the following statements is true?

A. A “Be Kind to Other Drivers” campaign is being launched lest the situation get out of

control.

B. Experts predicted years ago that the increase of the number of automobiles would not create

tolerance and friendliness among drivers on the roads.

C. A friendly nod or a wave of acknowledgement in response to an act of politeness can be

vital in creating a friendly atmosphere in modern traffic conditions. D. Old ladies usually don’t have good manners in driving.

4. What does the word “inconsiderate” in the first paragraph mean?

A. not thinking of other people B. inexperienced C. incorrigible D. inconsistent

5. According to the author, what is to blame for bad manners on the roads? A. traffic jams B. cost of petrol C. quick pace of modern life D. lack of politeness

Passage 2

How do you send a message to a submerged submarine, particularly one carrying missiles? Some scientists believe that blue-green lasers hold the answer.

Water may not look like a barrier to communications, but appearances are deceiving. Water strongly absorbs all electromagnetic waves except blue green light and extremely low frequency radio waves. The very low frequency waves now used to contract submarines penetrates only a short distance into the ocean, so the craft must either surface or send up an antenna（天线）to receive messages, thereby increasing its weakness. A laser system------ accurate over long distances and capable of carrying more data than the very low frequency waves------ would talk to submarines at their normal depths.

In the system, a very broad beam spreading out freely in all directions would be scanned over thousands of square miles of ocean so that it wouldn’t endanger boats, birds or fish------ or the submarines it is supposed to reach.

Since only a small fraction of the laser system will make its way through the air and ocean, receivers mounted on the submarines must be able not only to detect the laser but to discriminate between it and sunlight. So, military scientists are now working hard on special filters that allow through only the precise wavelengths emitted by the laser. The filtered light, when transformed into electrical signals, can then be decoded. Military planners are confident that laser communication with submarines is feasible.

6. Which of the following does the passage mainly discuss? A. Missiles carried by submerged submarines. B. Messages sent by submerged submarines.

C. Blue-green lasers used by submerged submarines. D. The way to send a message to submerged submarines. 7. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A. Water is a barrier to radio communication.

B. Lasers have found wide application in submarine communication. C. Water absorbs all kinds of electromagnetic waves.

D. Very low frequency radio waves cannot be used to contact submarines. 8. Which of the following is NOT true of a laser system? A. It is able to make its way through water.

B. It is able to communicate with submarines at work.

C. Its bean reaches a submerged submarines with the help of an antenna. D. It is able to carry more data than low frequency waves. 9. The reference word “it” (Line 3 Para. 3) refers to ________.

A. the air B. the laser beam C. the ocean D. the submarine 10. Who would be very much interested in the passage?

A. Missile builders B. Military scientists C. Fishermen D. Ship builders