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Unit 19 Lesson one

1. get ahead 取得进步,获得成功

get ahead with/ at /in sth.在某方面取得成功 get ahead of sb.领先某人

get ahead with one’s work . 工作取得进展 want to get ahead in life 想出人头地

. 他总是试图处处领先他人。He always tries to get ahead of others in everything. 2 stand out显眼，引人注目

他学习很好，在全班中非常突出。He does well in study and he stands out in his class.

3 absence n. 缺乏,缺少,缺席

in the absence of (由于)缺乏,不存在 We are in the absence of experience. 我们缺乏经验。

absent adj. 缺席的; v. 缺席

How many students are absent today? 今天有多少学生缺席？

4.take the form of采取……的形式，以……的形式出现 课堂是以讨论的形式进行的 The class_took the form of discuss form the habit of 形成……的习惯 5 be surrounded by 被。。。。。。包围

surrounding adj. 周围的 n.环境(复数 快乐幸福围绕你。

Joy and happinesssurround you 这个城市被一条河流包围着。 The city is surrounded by a river 6 keep.. in mind 记住

请记住这些规则。Please keep these rules in mind. 7 hold the key to ……. 的关键

Working hard is the key to success.努力是成功的关键。 8.whether …or….不管，不论

You are going to have to face him one day, Whether you like it or not. 9. .adjust v. 调整，校准；适应，习惯 (1)adjust sth.(to sth.)调整(以适应/适合) (2)adjust to (doing) sth.适应(做)某事 (3)adjust oneself to sth.使自己适应…… 一个人很难使自己适应他人的习惯。

It is difficult for someone to_adjust himself/herself to others habits. 要根据听众的年龄使用相应的语言。

_Adjust your language to the age of you audience. 我的眼睛还没有适应黑暗。

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My eyes have not adjusted to the dark yet. 10. It was \\is predicted that据预测

It is predicted that the scales of new cars will not be very good this year.据预测今年新车销售不会太好。 11. inform v. 通知；告诉 ①跟从句

He informed me that he was going to Europe on business. 他告诉我他因公出差去欧洲。 ②跟of 或about引导的短语

He has not yet informed me of his plans for holidays. 他尚未把他的度假计划告诉我。 ③跟“疑问词+不定式”结构 He will inform us where to go. 他将通知我们去哪里。

.12 adequate adj. 足够的,充分的；胜任的 同义词：enough

inadequate adj. 不够的，不充足的；不胜任的

The food supplies are inadequate to meet the needs of the hungry. 食物供应还不足以应付饥民的需求。 13 .ensure vt. 保证；担保(make sure) （1）ensure sb.sth.向某人担保某事 （2）ensure that + clause 保证…… 1)务必确保所有窗户都关紧了。

Please ensure that all the windows are closed (2)这药物能保证你有健康的体魄。

The medicine will ensure you a healthy body 14．enlarge vocabulary 扩大词汇量

Unit 19 Lesson Two

1.catch on 明白，理解(understand)；受欢迎(become popular) (1)那首新歌很快就流行起来。

The new song caught on really quickly (2)我明白了他的意思。 I caught on to what he meant

(3)我终于明白他们在干什么了。

I finally caught on to what they were doing 2.keep to坚持，遵守，信守，保持

In England traffic must keep to the left.在英国，车辆必须靠左行驶。 你得遵守诺言

You have to keep to your promise. 3.for ages很久，很长时间

I haven’t seen you for ages.我很久没见到你了。 以age为核心的短语：

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under age 不足龄 over age 超龄

at the age of 在. ……岁的时候 我等了好长时间。

_______________________________ 答案:I waited for ages. 4.stop off中途停留

You must keep to work hard,don’t stop off.你要继续努力，不要中途停留。 5.help (sb.) out 帮助(某人)摆脱困境 Is there anything I can do to help out? 我能帮上忙吗？

与help有关的一些用法： help可表示“有帮助的”

This medicine will probably help. 这个药很有可能有用。

help sb. (to) do sth. 帮助/协助某人做某事 help (to) do sth. 有助于做某事,帮忙做某事 help sb. with sth. 帮助/协助某人做某事

help oneself / sb. to sth. 为自己/某人取食品、饮料等 can / could not help doing sth. 禁不住做某事,避免做某事 6.depend on =rely on 取决于，视…… 而定，依赖

Choosing the right bike depends on what you want to use it for.

Unit 19 Lesson Three

1.regardless of 不管，不顾

(1)不管花费多少，我都打算买下那本书。 I’m buying the book,_ regardless of the cost

(2)尽管以前我们失败过，但仍要坚持下去。 We will go on regardless of past failures (3)走自己的路，让别人去说吧。

Go your own way regardless of what people say .2. consist of 由??组成，由??构成 Water consists of hydrogen and oxygen. 水由氢和氧组成。

Their diet consisted largely of vegetables. 他们的日常饮食以蔬菜为主。

1）同义词：include vt. 包括, 包含， make up组成 2）常见短语consist of意为“由??组成，包括”，consist in意为“存在于”，consist with意为“与??一致，并存”

3）辨析：consist of，make up 和make up of 三者都表示“由??组成的”。

consist of不能用于被动语态, 相当于be made up of，后面是加组成的成分。 make up of用于被动语态。

联合王国包括大不列颠与北爱尔兰。

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