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c. ÿ¸öÕý¹æ¼¶¶¼Í¬Ê±Ö§¸¶ÀûÏ¢£¬µ«ÊDZ¾½ð°´ÕÕÿ¸öÕý¹æ¼¶µÄÓÅÏȼ¶ÓÅÁÓ½øÐÐ

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d. Ê£Ó༶ÓÖ½ÐZ tranche£¬½ö½ö¼ÆËã±¾½ðºÍÀûÏ¢£¬ ÔÚËùÓеÄÕý¹æ¼¶Ö§¸¶Íê±ÏÖ®

ºó²Å»á½øÐÐÇå³¥±¾½ðºÍÀûÏ¢£¡

3. Mortgage passthrough securityµÖѺתÊÖ֤ȯ

a. ÄÚ²¿ÎÞÓÅÏȼ¶µÄÇø±ð£»

b. ÔÚÊ×ÏÈ¿Û³ý¹ÜÀí·ÑµÈÖ®ºó £¬Pool of mortgageÊÇ°´ÕÕ±ÈÀý½øÐÐÖ§¸¶£» c. ÒòΪÊÇ°´ÕÕ±ÈÀýÖ§¸¶£¬Ã¿¸ö³ÖÓÐÈ˶¼ÓÐÒ»¸öprepayment risk£» d. ÓжàÔª»¯µÄºÃ´¦£¬ prepaymentµÄ·çÏÕ£»

4. ABS×ʲúÖ§³Ö֤ȯ

a. ½«Á÷¶¯ÐÔ²îµÄ֤ȯת»»³ÉÁ÷¶¯ÐԺõÄ֤ȯ b. ³ÉÁ¢SPV£¬Ìá¸ßÁËÔ­ÓÐÐÅÓõȼ¶£¬

c. ¼´Ê¹Ä¸¹«Ë¾ÆƲú£¬ SPVµÄ×ʲúÒ²²»»áÊܵ½Ó°Ïì d. SPVµÄÐÅÓõȼ¶ºÍÔ­¹«Ë¾µÄµÈ¼¶¿ÉÄܲ»Í¬ Pre-refunded bond---ÒѾ­Îª»Ø¹º¸Ã֤ȯ׼±¸ºÃ×ʽ𣬠·ÅÈëÁ˹²¹ÜÕË»§escrow accountÖÐÈ¥ÁË

Corporate bond issuance¹«Ë¾Õ®È¯µÄ·¢ÐÐ

1. Ò»´Î·¢ÐÐÍê±Ï£»

2. Sold on firm-commitment basis£»

3. °üÀ¨µÄbondÖ»Óе¥Ò»coupon rateºÍµ½ÆÚÈÕ Medium term note MTN---ÖÐÆÚƱ¾Ý

1. 2. 3. 4.

µÇ¼ÇÒ»´Î£¬¶à´Î·¢ÐУ»---securities can be placed on the shelf

²»ÊÇͨ¹ý³ÐÏú¡ªfirm commitment£¬¶øÊÇͨ¹ýbest-effort½øÐÐÏúÊÛ µ½ÆÚÈÕ¿ÉÄÜÊÇ9¸öÔµ½100Ä꣡ ¿ÉÒÔÊǹ̶¨Ï¢Æ±ºÍ¿ÉÒÔÊǸ¡¶¯Ï¢Æ±

Structured note ½á¹¹ÐÔƱ¾Ý

1. ÆÕͨծȯºÍ½ðÈÚÑÜÉúÆ·½áºÏÆðÀ´µÄÕ®Îñ¹¤¾ß£» 2. רÃÅÃæÏòһЩÌØÊâÒªÇóµÄ»ú¹¹Í¶×ÊÕߣ»

3. »ú¹¹Í¶×ÊÕßÓÐʱºòÊܵ½ÏÞÖÆ£¬²»ÄÜͶ×ÊijЩ½ðÈÚ²úÆ·£¬Í¨¹ý½á¹¹ÐÔƱ¾Ý¿ÉÒԴﵽĿ

±ê Commercial paper ÉÌҵƱ¾Ý

1. 270ÌìÒÔÏ£» 2. Unsecured

3. ÎÞÀûÏ¢£¬ Ò»°ãÌùÏÖ·¢ÐУ»

4. Ò»°ã³ÖÓе½ÆÚ£»---like T-bills, commercial paper is issued as a pure discount security

and makes a single payment equal to the face value at maturity; Directly-place paper Dealer-placed paper Negotiable CDs¿ÉתÈô浥

1. ÒøÐз¢ÐÐÂô¸ø¿Í»§µÄ£»

2. ´ú±íÒøÐеijÐŵ֧¸¶Ò»¶¨µÄÀûÏ¢ºÍ±¾½ð 3. ²»ÄÜÌáÇ°³·Ïú£¬µ«ÊÇ¿ÉÔÚ¶þ¼¶Êг¡ÂòÂô bankers acceptanceÒøÐгжһãƱ

1. 2. 3. 4.

ÓÃÓÚ¹ú¼ÊóÒ×£» ÎÞÀûÏ¢²úÉú£»

ÒøÐгжһãƱ¿ÉÒÔÂòÂô£»

¶þ¼¶Êг¡Á÷¶¯ÐԲ ÂòÂôµÄ¿ÉÄÜÐÔÓÐÏÞ

Ò»¼¶Êг¡µÄծȯ·¢ÐеÄÈýÖÖ·½Ê½

1. ³ÐÏúunderwriting 2. ×î´óŬÁ¦best ¨Ceffort

3. ˽ļ private placement---ÀûÏ¢¸ßÀ´compensate ±È½ÏµÍµÄÁ÷¶¯ÐÔ ¼Û¸ñ¾ö¶¨µÄÁ½ÖÖ·½Ê½:

1. Negotiated offering 2. Auction process ¶þ¼¶Êг¡°üÀ¨µÄ¼¸ÖÖ½»Ò×£º

1. 2. 3. 4.

½»Ò×Ëù µç×Ó½»Ò× OTC

×öÊÐÉÌÊг¡

Understanding yield spread

FED²Å²ÉÓõļ¸ÖÖ·½Ê½À´¹ÜÀí¶ÌÆÚÀûÂÊ

1. 2. 3. 4.

Discount rate

Open market operation Bank reserve requirement

Persuading banks to tighten or loosen their credit policy

ÀûÂÊÆÚÏ޽ṹµÄ¸÷ÖÖÀíÂÛ

1. ÆÚÍûÀíÂÛpure expectation theory

a. Ô¶ÆÚÀûÂÊÓɼ´ÆÚÀûÂʾö¶¨£»

b. Èç¹û¼´ÆÚÀûÂÊÆÚÍû»áÉý¸ß£¬Ô¶ÆÚÀûÂÊ»á±È¼´ÆÚÀûÂʸü¸ß

2. Á÷¶¯ÐÔÆ«ºÃÀíÂÛliquidity preference theory

a. Ͷ×ÊÕßÏ£Íû³ÖÓÐÁ÷¶¯ÐԽϺõÄծȯ b. ³¤ÆÚծȯµÄÁ÷¶¯ÐԲ¹ÊÀûÂÊÒª¸ß

3. Êг¡·Ö¸îÀíÂÛmarket segmentation theory

a. Ô¶ÆÚÀûÂʺͼ´ÆÚÀûÂÊÊÇ·ÖÀëµÄ

b. Êг¡ÉÏ´æÔÚ×ÅÓв»Í¬ÆÚÏÞÆ«ºÃµÄͶ×ÊÕߣ¬ÓеÄϲ»¶Ô¶ÆÚ£¬ÓеÄϲ»¶¼´ÆÚ ÀûÂÊÆÚÏÞÀíÂÛºÍÊÕÒæÂÊÇúÏßµÄÐÎ×´

1. ÆÚÍûÀíÂÛûÓÐÕë¶ÔÄÄÖÖͼÐÎÐÎ×´

a. ¼´ÆÚÀûÂÊÆÚÍûÉý¸ß-------ÏòÉÏÇãб b. ¼´ÆÚÀûÂÊÆÚÍûϽµ-----ÏòÏÂÇãб

2. Á÷¶¯Æ«ºÃÀíÂÛ----¿ÉÄÜÊÇÈκÎÒ»ÖÖÐÎ×´

a. ÊÕÒæÂÊÇúÏß½«ÓÐÒ»¸öÏòÉϵÄÆ«²î----µ«ÊDz»Ò»¶¨ÊÇÏòÉÏÇãбµÄ

3. Êг¡·Ö¸îÀíÂÛ

a. ¿ÉÄÜÊÇÈκÎÒ»ÖÖÐÎ×´

b. SupplyºÍdemand»á¾ö¶¨²»Í¬maturityµÄyield

c. Under preferred habitat theory£¬ ÔÚÒ»¶¨maturity¸½½üµÄÊÕÒæÂʸߵĻ°£¬ ¿É

ÒÔinduce Ͷ×ÊÕß¹ºÂò³¬³öÆäÆ«ºÃµÄmaturityµÄծȯ ¼´ÆÚÀûÂÊ

1. ¼´ÆÚÀûÂʸù¾ÝÆÚÏޱ仯

2. ×¢Òâ¼´ÆÚÀûÂʺÍYTMµÄÇø±ð£¡£¡£¡

¾ø¶ÔÊÕÒæÂʲî=¸ßÊÕÒæÂÊծȯµÄÊÕÒæÂÊ-µÍÊÕÒæÂÊծȯµÄÊÕÒæÂÊ ºÍÏà¶ÔÊÕÒæÂʲî=¾ø¶ÔÊÕÒæÂʲî/µÍÊÕÒæÂÊծȯµÄÊÕÒæÂÊ Yield ratio=higher yield/lower yield Yield spreadµÄÓ°ÏìÒòËØ

1. ÄÚº¬ÆÚȨӰÏìyield spread----º¬ÓÐcall option»òÕßprepayment optionµÄÆÚȨ£¬Í¶×Ê

ÕßÒªÇó¸ü¸ßµÄyield sprea£»

2. Ͷ×ÊÕ߶ÔPuttable bondµÄyield spreadµÄÒªÇó»á±ÈÆÕͨbondÆÚÍûҪС£» 3. ·¢ÐÐÁ¿´óµÄծȯµÄÁ÷¶¯ÐԺ㬠yield spreadÒªÇóС

4. Ë°ÊյȼÛÊÕÒæÂÊ---ΪÁ˽«ÃâË°µÄbondºÍ½ÉË°µÄbondµÄÊÕÒæÂʽøÐбȽÏ----

a. taxable-equivalent yield=tax-free yield/(1-T)

Introduction of the valuation of debt securities

1. Price-yield profile---ÃèÊöÊг¡ÉÏծȯmarket yieldºÍծȯ¼Û¸ñµÄͼÐΣ»

2. ²»¹Üyield¶àÉÙ£¬µ±bond¿ìµ½ÆÚµÄʱºò£¬Æä¼Û¸ñÓÀÔ¶ÊÇÏòpar value½Ó½ü£»

3. ÔÚÊг¡ÀûÂʲ»±äµÄÇé¿öÏ£¬Òç¼ÛծȯËæʱ¼äÍÆÒÆ£¬¼Û¸ñÂýÂýϽµ£¬µ½ÆÚµÄʱºò´ïµ½

ÃæÖµ£»

4. ÕÛ¼Û֤ȯµÄ¼Û¸ñËæ×Åʱ¼äµÄÍÆÒƼ۸ñÉÏÉý£¬µ½ÆÚµÄʱºò´ïµ½ÃæÖµ£» 5. ƽ¼ÛծȯµÄ¼Û¸ñËæ×Åʱ¼äµÄÍÆÒƼ۸ñ²»±ä ÒÔÉÏ3£¬4Ìõ¿ÉÒÔ¸ù¾ÝͼÏñÀí½â¼ÇÒ䣡£¡£¡ Yield measures, spot rates, and forward rates ծȯµÄÈý¸öÊÕÈëÀ´Ô´£º

1. Coupon

2. Principal recovery 3. Reinvestment income

ÏÖÐÐÊÕÒæÂÊcurrent yield=annual cash coupon payment/bond price---×¢ÒâÊÇbond price¶ø²»ÊÇÃæÖµ£¡

YTMµÄ¼¸¸ö¼ÙÉ裺

1. 2. 3. 4.

³ÖÓе½ÆÚ£» ÎÞÎ¥Ô¼·çÏÕ

ÔÙͶ×ÊÊÕÒæÂʵÈÓÚYTM Î޻عº

YTMʵ¼ÊÉÏÒ²¾ÍÊÇÒ»¸öÄÚ²¿ÊÕÒæÂÊ£¡ BEYµÄ¹ãÒåÀí½â-----ÒѾ­ÔÚºóÃæÓйý½âÊÍ£¡ ¼¸¸ö¸ÅÄîµÄÀí½â£º

1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

Yield to call Yield to first call Yield to first par call

Yield to worst---¸÷¸öyieldµÄ±È½Ï×î²îµÄÒ»¸ö

Yield to refundingÔÙÈÚ×ÊÊÕÒæÂÊ---ÏÖÔÚ¿ÉÊê»Ø£¬µ«ÊÇÓÐÌõ¿î¹æ¶¨ÔÚÒ»¶¨ÆÚÏÞÄÚ²»µÃÊê»Ø

a. The bond that are callable, but not currently refundable, can be called using

funds form sources that are not from the issuance of a lower coupon bond

6. Yield to put

7. Cash flow yield ÏÖ½ðÁ÷Á¿ÊÕÒæÂÊ

a. Õë¶ÔMBSºÍABSµÈÿ¸öÔÂÓÐCFµÄÇé¿ö b. BEY=[(1+CFY)^6-1]*2

Ó°ÏìÔÙͶ×Ê·çÏÕµÄÒòËØ£º

1. Higher coupon 2. Longer maturity

±È½Ï²»Í¬µÄcoupon frequencyµÄծȯµÄÊÕÒæÂʵĴóС----ͨ¹ýBEY½øÐÐת»»±È½Ï£¡£¡P113ÀýÌâ

BootstrappingÖð²ã°þÀë·¨

1. ÓÐÁ½¸ö¹¦ÄÜ---

a. ¼ÆËã¼´ÆÚÀûÂÊ b. ¼ÆËãÔ¶ÆÚÀûÂÊ

2. ¹Ø¼üÊÇÒªµÄ¶Ô¸Ã·½·¨Óиö±È½ÏÉî¿ÌµÄÀí½â

3. ×¢Òâ¿´Çå³þÊÇannualµÄ»¹ÊÇsemiannualµÄ£¡£¡£¡·Ç³£ÖØÒª£¡ ÃûÒåÀû²î nominal spread

1. ²»ÊÊÓú¬ÓÐÆÚȨµÄoption

2. Ö±½ÓÊDz»Í¬Á½¸öYTMµÄÖµÏà¼õ£»

3. ²ÉÓÃYTMÕâÑùÒ»¸öµ¥Ò»µÄdiscount rate¼ÆËãCF£¬ºöÂÔÁËspot rate¶ÔÓÚ²»Í¬µÄ

maturity²»ÊÇÏßÐԵģ¬´æÔÚÒ»¶¨µÄ¾ÖÏÞÐÔ ZÀû²îZero-volatility spread---Ò²½Ð¾²Ì¬Àû²î---ZS

1. ÊÇÔÚÿһ¸ötreasury spot rate»ù´¡ÉϼÓÉÏÒ»¸öÏàµÈµÄZS£¬¼ÆËãµÃµ½µÄ£»

2. Èç¹ûspot rateµÄyield curveÊÇflatµÄ£¬ÔòÁ½ÕßûÓвî±ð---ËùÒÔ£¬ the deeper the

benchmark spot rate curve, the greater the difference between the two spread; 3. ZÀû²îºÍÃûÒåÀû²îµÄ²î¾àÈ¡¾öÓÚ£º

a. Coupon rate---ƱÃæÀûÂÊÔ½´ó£¬ ²î¾àÔ½´ó b. MaturityÔ½³¤£¬²î¾àÔ½´ó Option-adjusted spread---ÆÚȨµ÷ÕûÀû²î---OAS

1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

OASÊǸöºÃ¶«Î÷£»Ô½´óÔ½ºÃ

ZÀû²î=OAS+°Ù·Ö°ÙÐÎʽµÄÆÚȨ³É±¾

ÓÉÓÚÄÚº¬ÆÚȨµÄ´æÔÚ£¬µ¼ÖÂծȯÒÔ¸ü¸ßµÄ¼Û¸ñÀ´¹ºÂò£¬Õⲿ·ÖµÄ²î¶î½Ð×öÆÚȨ³É±¾ ÃûÒåÀû²îºÍZÀû²î²»ÊÊÓÃÓÚÎÞÆÚȨµÄծȯµÄÀû²î

¶ÔÓÚº¬ÓпÉÊê»ØÆÚȨµÄծȯ£¬ ÆäZÀû²îÒ»¶¨»á´óÓÚoption-adjusted spread£¡