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新概念英语第二册语法精粹及练习

一、一般现在时：

1．构成：使用动词原形，第三人称单数须有变化。 （1）直接加“s”， works，takes

（2）以辅音加“y”结尾，变“y”为“i”，再加“es”, carry → carries

（3）以“o, s, x, ch, sh”结尾的动词加“es”, goes dresses watches brushes 2．功能：

（1）表现在的事实、状态或动作： eg: Birds fly. She loves music.

Mary's parents get up very early.

（2）表习惯性动作或职业，常与often，sometimes，usually，always，every week，seldom，occasionally，frequently等时间副词连用。

eg: I always take a walk after supper. She writes to me very often.

Tom and his girlfriend go out to take a picnic occasionally. （3）表客观真理，格言警句或事实： The earth moves round the sun.

The sun rises in the east and sets in the west. Two and two makes four.

No man but errs. 人非圣贤，熟能无过。 （4）表将来：

A．在由when，after, before，as，as soon as，although，because，if，even if，in case，till，until，unless，so long as, where, whatever，wherever 等引导的状语从句中用一般现在时表将来发生的动作。 （黄金重点，所有考试都不放过它！） 例如：I'll tell her when she comes tomorrow. Even if it rains this afternoon, I'll meet you.

Whatever happens, you should keep cool-headed. （不错的句型，背下！！） I'll be right here waiting for you wherever you go.（很感人的句型！） B．按时间表示将要发生的动作或事件，用一般现在时表达将来时概念。 The play begins at 6:30 this evening. When does the plane take off? He leaves for that city next week.

According to the timetable, the express train to Shanghai starts at nine in the morning. （按照时刻表，开往上海的特快列车早上 7 点出发。） 测试精编

1. The Browns ________ a nice car and Brown's brother ________ a nice jeep. A. have / have B. has / has C. have / has D. has / have 2. If their house ________ not like ours, what ________ it look like? A. is / is B. is / does C. does / does D. does / is

3. - ________ you think he will come? - If it ________ tomorrow, he will not come. A. Do / rains B. Are / rains C. Do / will rain D. Are / will rain

4. The little child ________ not even know that the moon ________ around the earth. A. do / move B. do / moves C. does / moves D. did / moved

5. Many a student ________ fond of films, but a good student seldom ________ to the cinema A. are / goes B. is / goes C. are / go D. is / go

新概念英语第二册语法精粹及练习

注意“many a+单数可数名词”的用法：形式上为单数，但意义上为复数（意为“许多”），若用作主语，其谓语通常与形式一致而不与意义一致（即谓语用单数）。如：Many a young man has tried and failed. 很多年轻人都试过，而且失败了。 注意，“many a+单数名词”是一个十分正式的结构，在口语或非正式文体中一 般都用“many+复数名词”代之。 新概念英语第二册语法精粹及练习（二）

新概念二册语法精粹 二、现在进行时：is / am / are + 现在分词 1．表示现在正在进行的动作。如 The kettle is boiling. Shall I make tea?

Don't you think you eat too much? You're putting on weight（体重增加）。 The workers are building a new bridge across the river. 2．表现阶段正进行的动作。

He is taking physics this semester（本学期）。 Weare preparing for our final examination this week.

3．go, come, leave, arrive, land, meet, die, start, return, join, etc. 用于进行时态时表示即将开始的动作。 Look! The bus is coming.看！车来了！ The old man is seriously ill, and he is dying. Alice is leaving for Beijing with her mother.

4．与 always, forever, continually, constantly 等副词连用，表示说话人带有感*彩：赞赏或厌恶。 He is always thinking of others.（他总是想着别人。）

The boy is continually making noises.（这男孩不断地发出吵闹声。）

The teacher is constantly (always) criticizing her for being late.（老师一直在批评她迟到。） 5．下面表示状态、感觉、情绪、精神活动的动词不可用于进行时。（此条戒律请背10遍！！！）

believe（相信），doubt（怀疑），see（看见），hear（听见） ，know（知道），understand （理解），belong（属于），think（认为），consider（认为），feel（觉得），look（看起来）， seem（看上去），show（显示），mind（介意），have（有），sound（听起来），taste（尝起来）， require（要求），possess（拥有），care（关心），like（喜欢），hate（讨厌），love（喜爱）， detest（憎恨），desire（意欲） 【简单记忆】：

● 永远不要说I'm believing...或He is seeing a house. 再简单一点说，这些动词后面不要随意加-ing. ● 可怕的是：我们在写作及口语中常犯此类大错！

● 注意：have a party / think about可以用进行时，因为这里have意为“举行”；think意为“考虑”。 测试精编：

1. How can you ________ If you are not ________ ? A. listening / hearing B. hear / listening C. be listening / heard D. be hearing / listening to

2.The girl even won't have her lunch before she ________ her homework. A. will finish B. is finishing C. had finished D. finishes

3. Those who have applied for the post（职位）________ in the office.（此题超前） A. are being interviewed B. are interviewing C. interviewing D. to be interviewing 4. The old scientist ________ to do more for the country. A. is wishing B. has been wishing C. wishes D. has been wished

5. If he ________, don't wake him up. A. still sleeps B. is still sleeping C. still has been sleeping D. will be sleeping still

新概念英语第二册语法精粹及练习

新概念英语第二册语法精粹（三） 一般过去时。 1．表示过去某个特定时间或某一段时间发生的动作或情况。 We visited the school last spring.

I went to school by bike when I was in middle school. China was founded in 1949.

2．在表示时间或条件等的状语从句中代替过去将来时。（参） She told me that she would not go with us if it rained the next day. They would not leave until she came back.

My friend promised to marry me once she made her final decision.

3．一般过去时，现在时和过去时的几组差异：（别以为这很简单，下面的差异你不一定明白。） ● Her brother was a chemist.（已去世） ● Her brother is a chemist.（尚健在） ● That's all I had to say.（话已说完） ● That's all I have to say.（言之未尽） ● It was so nice to see you.（离别时用） ● It is so nice to see you.（见面时用）

● Jane did a lot of work this morning.（已是当天下午或晚上）

● Jane has done a lot of work this morning.（仍是上午）［本句现在完成时，此乃后话！］ 测试精编 I：（用所给动词的正确进态填空）。

1. Yesterday I ________ (think) that you were not in Beijing.

2. Alice usually ________ (sit) in the front of the classroom, but she ________ (sit) at the back this morning. 3. He ________ (tell) the news to us three days ago. 4. He________ (begin) to teach Chinese in 1990. 测试精编 II：

1. They ________ the trip until the rain stopped. A. continued B. didn't continue C. hadn't continued D. would continue

2. The local peasants gave the soldiers clothes and food without which they ________ of hunger and cold.（without 在这里表条件，你知道吗？）

A. would die B. will die C. would be dead D. would have died 3. It was not until then that I came to know that the earth ________ around the sun. A. moved B. has moved C. will move D. moves

4. When all those present（到场者）________ he began his lecture.（重点题） A. sit B. set C. seated D. were seated 新概念二册语法精粹四．过去进行时：were / was + 现在分词 1．表示过去某一时刻或阶段正在发生的动作。 I was playing chess at 8 yesterday evening. When I arrived, they were watching TV.

They were doing housework this time last week. 2．用于条件状语从句中表示过去将来进行的动作。 She told me to wake him up if she was sleeping.

I asked my friend to warn me about it as long as I was driving too fast. 3．过去某时将发生的事。可参考—2（4）

They told me that they were leaving for New York. He was going out when I arrived.