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液体原料自动称重配料系统(硬件设计)

摘 要

本论文在分析了国内外称重技术发展的基础上，着重对一个用于工业控制且功能较齐全的自动称重系统进行设计。随着自动化和管理现代化的进展，自动在线称重在整个称重系统中有了很大的发展。因此，进一步采用新技术，开发各种自动称重系统和提高称重的准确度已经成为了多数国家科技发展的重中之重。

自动配料控制系统主要由单片机控制器、电机驱动电路等组成，主要工作原理是用压力传感器进行物料的重量测量，传感器把物料的重量转换成电信号，经A\\D转换芯片把信号送入单片机进行处理，再由单片机发出物料已秤足重量的信号去控制步进电机的工作。

本论文所设计的自动称重系统是应用于工业上的液体原料自动称重中的，它的实现有两个过程，第一阶段由步进电机带动水泵抽水给料，这一阶段可看成为粗调过程，给料重量一定要小于额定重量。第二阶段由步进电机带动水泵抽水进料，可看成是细调过程，使实际重量等于要求的额定重量。

本称重系统采用单片机STC89C54为控制核心，实现称重仪的基本控制功能。本系统通过应用传感器，各种芯片及单片机使得该称重系统的实际操作性更强，便于应用于工业上。

关 键 词：STC89C54单片机；步进电机；传感器；额定重量

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THE AUTOMATIC WEIGHIMG SYSTEM FOR LIQUID

MATERIAL（HARDWARE DESIGN）

ABSTRACT

Basis on the researching of the progress of the weighing technology, this paper introduces the development of automatic weighing system which has a complete function.With the progress of automation in industry and modernization in management, there is much progress in weighing online, dynamic weighing and system of weighing.Adopting newer technology, developing diversified automatic weighing system, improving accuracy and enhancing network function are emphasized in every country nowadays. .

It was consisted of a single-microcomputer control center，and circuits for driving motors. Its principle was used sensors to measure the weight of materials. Then sensors converted the weight to electrical signal. Passing the transfer the signal processed by the sing-microcomputer controlled the stepper motors working.

The article introduced the automatic named weighing system which is applied in the industry, its realization has two processes, the first stage is the pump by the stepper motor to afford the material, this age which is worthy of looking at is because of the coarse adjustment process,certainly it must be smaller than the schedule weight for the material weight. The second stage is impetus which is much more precise than the first pump feeding, it may be regarded as the special process. This system has been applied in the sensor, each kind of chips and monolithic integrated circuits.

This system is based on single chip AT89C51, it can make electronic scale's basic control function come true. The system would be stronger by using different elements,and it would have better performance in application of the

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industry.

KEY WORDS: STC89C514 single ship; stepper motor; sensor;rated weight

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