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英语中两者之间的比较

…… that/those of ……

结构︰that/those of 作为避免重复的代名词

说明︰英文句构中，两个<名词>对称而形成<比较>的情况时，为避免重复，第二个<名词>若为单数，就改为<代名词> that；若为复数，则改为<代名词> those，不过在遇到<所有格>时，可使用<所有格>的<名词>形态取代that或those.

The population of Tokyo is larger than that of London.东京的人口比伦敦的多。

The climate here is like that of Taipei.这儿的气候和台北非常相似。 His children are well bred, whereas those of his sister are naughty. 他的孩子很有教养，但他妹妹的孩子却调皮得很。

The students work harder than those of our school.这些学生比我们学校的学生用功。

His car is bigger than mine.他的车比我的大。

比较级（Comparative Degree ）在英语中通常用下列方式表示的词：在形容词或副词前加more(如 more natural,more clearly )或加后缀 -er(newer,sooner ).典型的是指形容词或副词所表示的质、量或关系的增加.英语句子中,将比较两个主体的方法叫做“比较句型”.其中,像“A比B更……”的表达方式称为比较级.组成句子的方式是将形容词或副词变化成比较级的形态. 构成

⒈单音节形容词和部分双音节词,一般在词尾加-er. 2. 以字母e结尾的词,在词尾加-r.

3. 重读闭音节词词尾只有一个辅音字母时,先双写该辅音字母,再加er. 4. 以\辅音字母+y“结尾的双音节词,先把”y“改为”i“,再加-er. 5. 多音节词和部分双音节词,在词前加”more“.

6. 部分形容词和副词的比较级是不规则的,如：good/well-better,bad/badly-worse.

7. 由“动词+后缀-ing/-ed”构成的形容词,在词前加more构成比较级.如：interesting-more interesting,bored-more bored.

8. 由“形容词+后缀-ly”构成的副词,在该副词前加more构成比较级.如：slowly-more slowly,happily- more happily. 用法 一般

1. 表示\比...更\用比较级形容词+than+比较成分, than后主词的述语动词往往省略, 非正式用法的than后的人称代名词可用受格. He is younger than me. 他比我年轻.

I am a better swimmer than he(him).

我游泳比他好.

2. 表示\较...低; 不及...\用less+原级形容词+than+比较成分. I am less young than he (is).

我不比他年轻.

3. 表示两者之中\较...\用the+比较级+of the two. This one is the bigger of the two houses. 这所房子是两座房子中较大的.

4. 定冠词或指示形容词+比较级+名词表示比较. The taller boy is John.

那个身材较高的男孩子是约翰.

5. 有少数以ior结尾的形容词, 如inferior(次于), junior(年幼的;下级的), posterior(之后), prior(之前), senior(年长的,上级的), superior(优于)等本身就有比较的意思, 常与介系词to连用.

This method is superior to that one. 这种方法优于那种方法.

6. 比较形容词可以被副词如a little(一点),much(得多), even(更加), still(更加), far(...的多)等修饰, 但不可用very修饰.

翻译: 现在的生活简单得多了.

(误)Life is very easier than it was twenty years ago.

(正)Life is very much easier than it was twenty years ago. 特殊

1． no more… than…与.一样不. not more…than… 没有.那样.,不如. not less… than… 不亚于.

2．more than…不止,仅仅,非常,极其 This more than satisfied me. 3．more than a little非常

4．not more than不多于 no (not any) more than不过,仅仅 5．no less than有.之多,多达 not less than 至少,不下于

6．neither more nor less than恰好,不多不少,简直,和.完全一样 7．better than多于,超过 It is better than 20 km to the station. 8．(in) less than no time立即,一会儿

9．(be) little/no better than实际上,简直就是 10．nothing less than完全是,和.一模一样 11．all the more越发,更加

12. any (the) less较小/更小一些,小的 13. all the better更好,更加

14. so much the better/worse (for sb./sth.)甚至更好/更坏 15. go one better (than sb./sth.)胜过.一筹 16. more…than…与其说.不如说.

17. would sooner/rather…than与其.宁愿 18. (be) more like…than不像.倒像

19. rather…than…/rather than宁可.而不 20. other than除了.,除.之外

21. rather…than otherwise不是别的而是 22. no/none other than正是,除.之外无其他 23. no more不再,不复存在,也不,也没有 24. less than不.

25. more often than no经常,多半 同级比较 ⒈ 由“．．．as + 形容词原型 + as．．．”或“．．．as + 形容词 + 名词 + as．．．”构成. My grandpa is as energetic as a young man.

Exercise is as useful a way as any other to lose unwanted weight. I try to find as much information as I can about what happened.

⒉ 由“．．．not so (as) + 形容词或副词原型 + as．．．”或“．．．not so (as) + 形容词 + 名词 + as．．．”构成.

Luckily the weather was not so wet as it is today.

降级比较

1.由“……形容词比较级+ than．．．”构成. He is more concerned about others than about himself. ⒉ 由“．．．many / much more + 可数 / 不可数名词 + than．．．” My friend earned much more money than I did last year.

特殊句型

⒈表示“越来越……”的意思： “比较级 + and + 比较级”或“more and more / less and less + 原级”结构,与这类结构搭配的常用动词有grow,get,become等. She felt herself becoming more and more nervous.

As the winter is drawing near,it's getting colder and colder. ⒉表示两者之间更···the + 比较级 + of the two + 名词. Jane is the taller of the two children in our family.

⒊ 表示“越……”：“the + 比较级……,”,The more magazines you sell,the more money you will get. ⒋ “否定 + 比较级” 相当于最高级.

— Wait until we get a satisfactory reply,will you?

— I couldn't agree more. The idea sounds great to me. ⒌ “a + 比较级 + 名词（than．．．）” 结构常出现在以never构成的完成时态的动词后面. How beautifully she sings!I have never heard a better voice.

⒍ 倍数表示法：．．．times as +形容词原级 + as．．．； ．．．times + 形容词比较级 + than．．．；．．．times the + 性质名词 + of．．．. The dining hall is three times as large as that one. The dining hall is three times larger than that one. The dining hall is three times the size of that one.

比较级表示最高级

英语中用比较级句型可以表最高级的含义,较为常见的有下列几种形式： 1、直接使用比较级

① How beautiful she sings! I've never heard a better voice. = She has the best voice I've ever heard. ② I have never read a more interesting novel. = It is the most interesting novel I've ever read.

any other + n.(单)

2、比较级+ than + the other +n.(复) any of the other + n.（复）