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E.pyrazinamide

52. Which of the following statements about the pharmacodynamics of antifungal agents is

most accurate

A.amphotericin B blocks the conversion of lanosterol(羊毛固醇) to cholesterol

B.flucytosine inhibits ergosterol synthesis in fungi

C.griseofulvin inhibits hepatic cytochrome P450

D.ketoconazole binds to ergosterol to form artificial pores in fungal cell membranes E.terbinafine inhibits squalene epoxidase( a key enzyme in the synthesis of ergosterol) 53. A 35yearold

female complains of itching in the vulval area, examination of the urine

reveals trichomonads, what is the preferred treatment for trachomoniasis? A. doxycycline B. ofloxacin C. piperacillin D. metronidazole E. chloramphenicol

54. Which of the following statements about the mechanism of action of antibiotics is most

accurate?

A. aminoglycosides bind to receptors on the 50s ribosomal subunit to prevent attachment of aminoacyltRNA

B. cephalosporins inhibit the synthesis of precursor of the linear peptidoglycan chain of the cell wall

C. fluoroquinolones inhibit DNAdependent RNA polymerase

D. the bactericidal action of penicillin is partly due to their activation of autolytic enzymes

E. vancomycin inhibit peptidyl transferases involved in cell wall synthesis 55. All of the following statements about penicillin G are correct except:

A. it is excreted from the body primarily via the hepato biliary route

B. it is orally ineffective because of its degradation by stomach acid

C. it is more effective in killing growing bacteria than microorganisms in the stationary phase

D. it can act synergistically with aminoglycosides

E. levels in the blood can be increased by administration of probenecid 56. A 75yearold

woman is hospitalized for pneumonia and treated with an intravenous

antibiotic. On the third day, she develops severe diarrhea. Stool is positive for Clostridium 11

difficile toxin. What is the best treatment? A. clindamycin B. cefaclor

C. metronidazole D. erythromycin E. doxycycline

57. Which of the following statements about chemotherapeutic index (CI) is true ? A. a drug with great CI possesses great toxicity and high potency.

B. a drug with great CI possesses less toxicity and low potency.

C. a drug with great CI possesses less toxicity and high potency.

D. a drug with low CI possesses great toxicity and high potency.

E. a drug with low CI possesses less toxicity and low potency.

58. Erythromycin can not be used for patients with

A. mycoplasmal pneumonia B. legionella disease C. diphtheria D. typhoid

E. pertussis

59. A 45 year old female being treated for a chronic urinary tract infection develops acute alcohol intolerance. Which of the following agents could have caused this intolerance? A. cefoperazone B. amoxicillin C. SMZ

D. norfloxacin E. tetracycline E.vancomycin

60. The antineoplastic agent that is classified as a alkalyting agent is : A. busulfan B. vinblastine C. tamoxifen D. fluorouracil E. paclitaxel

Type X Choice questions (one or more answers are correct)

61．The agents which can be used to treat glaucoma are A. timolol B. atropine

C. physostigmine D. acetazolamide 12

E. pilocarpine

62. Which of the following belong to muscarinic actions caused by Mreceptor activation?

A. heart depression B. vessel dilation

C. smooth muscle contraction D. glands secretion increased E. mydriasis

63. Which of the following receptors locate(s) on the vessels? A. αreceptor B. N2receptor C. Mreceptor D. β1receptor E. β2receptor

64．In a hypertensive patient who is taking insulin to treat diabetes, which of the following

drugs is to be used with extra caution and advice to the patient? A. prazosin

B. hydrochlorothiazide C. propranolol D. captopril E. losartan

65. Which of the following drug is (are) not the indication of mannitol? A. cerebral edema B. glaucoma

C. preventing acute renal failure D. congestive heart failure E. migraine headache

66. Calcium channel blockers can cause A. negative inotropic effect B. relaxation of blood vessels

C. relaxation of bronchial smooth muscle D. diuresis

E. antiatherosclerotic effects

67. Which of the following is (are) the merits of prazosin in treatment of Hypertension?

A. Do not reduce the renal blood flow B. Do not increase renin activity

C. Do not reflex increase in heart rate obviously

D. improve lipid metabolism:↓TG, TC, LDLc, ↑HDLc

E. has no first dose phenomenon

68. which of the following diseases is(are) the indications of βreceptor blockers? 13

A. glaucoma

B. hyperthyroidism C. angina pectoris D. hypertension E. hypothyroidism

69．Which of the following diseases are the

contraindictions of glucocorticoids? A. fulminant epidemic cerebrosonial meningitis B. psychosis

C. diabetes mellitus D. severe hypertension E. varicella

70. Which of the following drugs is(are) useful in the treatment of diabetes mellitus after the

excision of pancreas? A. Tolbutamide B. Phenformin C. Glibenclamide D. Insulin E. Gliclazide

71. Which of the following megaloblastic amemia are NOT the indication of folic acid A. megaloblastic anemia caused by AIDS B. megaloblastic anemia caused by TMP C. megaloblastic anemia caused by MTX D. megaloblastic anemia caused by pyrimethamine(乙胺嘧啶)

E. megaloblastic anemia caused by malignant tumor

72．Which of the following statements about morphine are correct?

A. It is used therapeutically to relieve pain caused by severe head injury

B. Its withdraw symptoms can be relieved by methadone

C. It causes constipation

D. It is most effective by parenteral administration

E. It rapidly enters all body tissuses, including the fetus of a pregnant woman 73. The drugs that cannot be used to treat patient with bronchial asthma is(are) A. morphine B aspirin

C. propranolol D. dopamine E. atropine

74. Which of the following statements about phenytoin are true? A. has a sedative effect

B. can be used for patients with epilepsy C. can be used to treat patients with arrhythmia 14

D. can be used to manage patients with trifacial neuralgia

E . can cause gingival hyperplasia 75．Metronidazole can be used in the treatment of A. Syphilis

B. Trichomonas vaginalis infection C. Bacterial dysentery D. Anaerobic infections

E. Helicobacter pylori infection

76. Quinolones can NOT be used in patients who

A. have epilepsy history

B. are in growth and development period C. are taking antiacid D. are pregnant

E. are allergic to penicillin

77. In chemotherapy of neoplastic disease, cell cyclespecific

agents which can kill tumor cells in S phase is(are)

A. methotrexate（MTX） B. vinblastine

C. mercaptopurine（6MP） D. cyclophosphamide（CTX） E. busulfan

78. Which of the following clinical

indications may require a combination of antibiotics?

A. treatment of mixed infections B. treatment of tuberculosis

C. treatment of cryptococcal meningitis D. treatment of gonorrhea

E. treatment of severe infections of unknown origin

79．Penicillin G is effective in treating which of the following infections A. streptococcal infection

B. pneumococcal infection C. leptospira infection D. staphylococcal infection E. legionella infection

80. which is(are) the effective agent against pseudomonas aeruginosa among the following drugs

A. genetamicin B. carbenicillin C. polymyxins D. ampicillin E. imipenem 一、选择题

1.D 2.C 3.E 4.E 5.D 6.D 7.B 8.D 9.A 10.B 11.C 12.E 13.C

14.C 15.C 16.B 17.D 18.E 19.D 20.B 21.D 22.E 23.B 24.A 25.C 26.B 27.C

28.D 29.E 30.A 31.B 32.B 33.D 34.D 35.D 36.C 37.C 38.C 39.B

40.B 41.C 42.E 43.C 44.C 45.B 46.A 47.B 48.B 49.C 50.A 51.C

52.E 53.D 54.D 55.A 56.C 57.C 58.D 59.A 60.A 61.ACDE

62.ABCD 63.ACE 64.BC 65.DE 66.ABCE 67.ABCD 68.ABCD

69.BCDE 70.BD 71.BCD 72.BCDE 73.ABC 74.BCDE 75.BDE

76.ABCD 77.AC 78.ABCE 79.ABCD 80.ABCE

山东大学医学院（2007——2008 学年第二学期）

2005 级临床医学七年制

二、选择题（A 型每题 0.6 分?X 型每题 1 分, 共 40 分）

Type A choice questions (only one answer is correct)

1. pA2 is called

A. therapeutic index B. affinity index C. antagonist index D. dissociation constant E. elimination rate constant

2. A weak base drug with pKa9, if the medium in which it is dissolved has a

pH7,what will be ratio of the concentrations of ionized to unionized forms of the base？ A. 100：1 B. 1：100 C. 10：1 D. 1000：1 E. 1：1

3. Which of the following is unlikely to be associated with oral drug

administration of an entericcoated dosage form?

A. irritation to the gastric mucosa with nausea and vomiting

B. destruction of the drug by gastric acid or digestive enzymes

C. unpleasant taste of the drug

D. formation of nonabsorbable drugfood complexes

E. variability in absorption caused by fluctuations in gastric emptying time

4．Which of the following statement is NOT true?

A. uptake1 refers to neuronal uptake B. uptake2 refers to metabolism uptake C. uptake1 is the main pathway of NA termination

D. uptake2 mostly happens in vesicles E. uptake1 is a kind of active transport

5. Which of the following anticholinesterase agents is drug choice in the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease? A. neostigmine

B. Edrophonium chloride C. Rivastigmine D. Physostigmine E. Organophosphate

6. Which of the following is NOT the indication of scopolamine? A. preanaesthesia medication

B. prevention of motion sickness C. Alzheimer’s disease

D. Parkinson disease

E. traditional medicine anaesthesia

7. Which of the following mydriasis agents belongs to adrenoceptor agonists? A. atropine

B. phenylephrine C. cyclopentolate D. tropicamide E. eucatropine

8．To relieve anxiety symptoms, we usually use

A. phenobarbital B. perphenazine C. chlorpromazine D. imipramine E. benzodiazepines

9．Which of the following drugs is contraindicated in the patients with epilepsy?

A. phenobarbital B. imipramine C. digoxin

D. chlorpromazine E. aspirin

10. All of the following produce a

significant decrease in peripheral resistance EXCEPT

A. chronic administration of diuretics B. hydralazine C. ACE inhibitors D. βR blockers

E. Calcium channel blockers

11．All of the following measures can be used in the treatment of digoxininduced arrhythmia EXCEPT

A. stopping digoxin administration

B. diuretic agents such as furosemide are used to promote the excretion of digoxin

C. phenytoin administration D. atropine administration E. lidocaine administration

12. The reason that digoxin can reduce the ventricular rate of atrial fibrillation patient is

A. Decreasing automaticity of ventricles B. Decreasing automaticity of atria C. Reducing the conduction of AV node

D. improving cardiac ischemia

E. shortening the effective refractory period atria

13. Which of the following is the most serious main side effect of statins and this effect would be increased if a statin is taken with ciclosporin, gemfibrozil or nicotinic acid?

A. Gastrointestinal problems B. Rhabdomyolysis

C. Elevated blood pressure D. Migraine headaches E. palpitations

14. The antihypertensive mechanism of diuretics for longterm use is

A. increasing water and sodium excretion from the kidneys.

B. decreasing sodium concentration in vascular smooth muscle cell

C. increasing the activity of rennin D. decreasing the activity of rennin

E. decreasing the secretion of aldosterone 15. In which of the following drugs orthostatic hypotension occurs most frequently in first use? A. clonidine B. nifedipine C. propranolol D. enalapril E. prazosin

16. Which of the following statements about catopril is wrong? A. inhibiting ACE B. causing dry cough

C. It is contraindicated to pregnant woman D. promote the excretion potassium