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38.D 39.A 40.B 41.B 42.B 43.A 44.B 45.B 46.D 47.C 48.C 49.D 50.D 多选

51.CDE 52.D 53.ABCD 54.BCDE 55.ACDE 56.ABC 57.BDE 58.ACDE 59.ABCD 60.ABCE

山东大学医学院（2008——2009 学年第二学期）

2006 级临床医学七年制 药理学期末考试试题（A 卷）Type A choice questions (only one answer is correct) 1. Antagonist has

A. affinity for receptors but no intrinsic activity

B. no both affinity and intrinsic activity C. affinity and weak intrinsic activity D. affinity and low efficacy E. high affinity and efficacy 2. PD2 is

A. therapeutic index B. antagonist C. affinity index

D. dissociation constant E. elimination rate constant

3. A drug eliminated with firstorder kinetics, the concentration of the drug in plasma is 200mg/L, at 10 o ’ clock in the morning after administration of a single dose, the drug plasma concentration is 25 mg/L, at 10 o ’ clock on second day morning, its t1/2 is

A. 4h B. 6h C. 12h D. 10h E. 8h

4. The drug that its therapeutic index is the largest is

A. DrugA LD50=150mg,ED50=100mg B. DrugB LD50=100mg,ED50=50mg C. DrugC LD50=250mg,ED50=100mg D. DrugD LD50=300mg,ED50=50mg E. DrugE LD50=300mg,ED50=150mg 5. Resistance means

A. patients develop tolerance to the drug B. patients diminish tolerance to the drug C. the sensitivity of bacteria to the drug increases

D. the sensitivity of bacteria to the drug decreases, after repeated administration E none of above

6. The mechanism of treating

Phenobarbital poisoning with bicarbonate sodium isthat it

A. Nutralizates Phenobarbital

B. Stimulates Phenobarbital transference from the brain to the plasma C. Basines urine fluids, prevent

Phenobarbital from reuptaking, and stimulates

excretion of drug D. B and C are right E. A and C are right

7. In the existence of competitive antagonist, the dose effect curve of the agonist A. dose not change

B. will shift to right parallely C. parallely move to left D. will be enhanced E. will decline

8. Patients with myasthenia gravis are more effectively treated with A. physostigmine B. rivastigmine C. neostigmine D. atropine E. pilocarpine

9. From the following indications for the use of phentolamine, which is incorrect? A. treatment of hypertension caused by surgical manipulation of pheochromacytoma

B. diagnosis of pheochromacytoma (嗜铬细胞瘤)

C. treatment of Raynaud’s syndrome D. primary hypertension

E. microcirculation disturbances 10. Atropine can not be used to treat

patients with A. bradycardia

B. prostatic hypertrophy C. infectious shock

D. neostigmine overdose

E. intoxication of organophosphates

11. Which one of the following descriptions is incorrect? A. bR

blockers delay recovery of blood glucose after insuline B. bR

blockers promote rennin release C. bR

blockers inhibit conversion of T4 to T3 D. bR

blockers decrease intraocular pressure E. bR

blockers can induce rebound phenomenon 12. The drug choice in the treatment of anaphylactic shock is A. glucocorticoids

B. antihistamine drugs C. norepinephrine D. adrenaline E. dopamine

13. All of the following statements about the action of Scoline are true except A. It has muscle fasciculation

B. It has ganglionic blocking action at therapeutic dose

C. It promotes the release of histamine D. It has tachyphylaxis

E. It belongs to depolarizing neuromuscular blockers

14. Which of the following therapeutic projects could be used in the treatment of patients with organophosphate intoxication?

A. atropine + norepinephrine B. atropine + pralidoxime iodide C. atropine + neostigmine D. atropine + morphine E. atropine + physostigmine

15. All of the following statements about the action of phenylephrine (去氧肾上腺素) are true except

A. It is weak in decreasing renal blood flow B. It can be used to examine retina due to its action of mydriasis C. It is α1R agonist

D. It can be used to treat paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia

E. It can be used to control hypotension caused by phenothiazine 16. The released

neurotransmitternorepinephrine is disposed mainly by A. liver drug enzyme

B. COMT in synaptic cleft C. neuronal reuptake D. nonneuronal reuptake

E. MAO in synaptic cleft

17. If one patient is taking imipramine and another is taking chlorpromazine, they are both likely to experince A. akathisia B. tardive dyskinesia C. constipation and dry mouth D. diarrhea E. gynecomastia

18. The oral antipsychotic drug that would be used for the patient with chronic psychoses to maintain curative effect is A. clozepine B. penfluridol C. chlorpromazine

D. chlorprothixene E. haloperidol

19. The main reason for the combination use of levodopa with carbidopa is

A. to increase the absorption of Ldopa B. to inhibit levodopa decarboxylation in the periphery

C. to inhibit MAO D. to inhibit COMT E. to increase Ldopa

converting to dopamine directly 5

20. Which is the drug choice in the treatment of absence seizures

A. phenytoin sodium B. carbamazepine C. amobarbital D. ethosuximide E. glutethimide

21. The cardinal mechanism of

antidepressant action of tricyclic agents is A. Blockade of NE and 5HT reuptake peripherally

B. Blockade of NE and 5HT reuptake centrally

C. Stimulation of reticular ascending activating system D. Blockade of 5HT reuptake centrally

E. Blockade of NE reuptake centrally

22. Which of the following analgesic drugs can be used for artificial hibernation A. pethidine B. morphine C. anadol D. methadone E. fentanyl

23. Lithium carbonate can be used to manage

A. Parkinson’s disease B. depression C. manic disorder

D. insomnia E.schizophrenia

24. Which of the following statements about phenytoin is not true

A. has sedative effect B. can be used for patients with epilepsy

C. can be used to treat patients with arrhythmia

D. can be used to manage patients with trifacial neuralgia

E. can cause gingival hyperplasia

25. Which of the following drugs is (are) hepatic microsomal enzyme inducer A. rifampicin B. alcohol C. phenytoin D. phenpbarbital E. all above

26. Aspirin can induce all of the following effect EXCEPT

A. reducing fever B. reducing

prostaglandin synthesis in inflamed tissue C. stimulating respiratory when taken in toxic dosage

D. inducing tendancy to bleeding E. reducing leukotrienes

27. Which one of the following drugs acts from the inner side of the membrane and bind more effectively to calcium channels in open state?

A. Verapamil B. Nicorandil C. Amiodarone D. Flunarizine E. Nifedipine

28. Which one of the following most

directly describes the mechanism of action of

cardiac glycosides?

A. stimulates production of cAMP B. inhibits sodiumpotassium ATPase

C. decreases the intracellular level of K + D. increases intracellular sodium concentration

E. increases release of calcium from the sarcoplasmic reticulum

29. All of the following measures can be used in the treatment of digoxininduced arrhythmia EXCEPT

A. stopping digoxin administration immediately

B. furosemide are used to promote the excretion of digoxin

C. potassium chloride administration 6

D. atropine administration E. phenytoin administration

30. The mechanism of antihypertensive effect of losartan is

A. decrement of renin activity

B. inhibition of angiotensin converting enzyme

C. blockade of the angiotensin Ⅱ receptors

D. increment of bradykinin synthesis E. causing vasodilation directly 31. ACE inhibitors can do all of the following EXCEPT

A. decrease the blood sugar B. causing dry cough

C. inhibit the formation of angiotensin Ⅱ D. promote the excretion potassium

E. increase bradykinin concentration in the blood

32. Which of the following antianginal drugs is not suitable for patients with variant angina?

A. Verapamil B. Nifedipine C. Nitroglycerin

D. Propranolol E. Nicorandil

33. The best choice treated for the

hypertensive patient with heart failure is A. Verapamil B. Captopril C. Hydralazine D. Prazosin E. Nifedipine

34. All of the following statements about amiodarone are true EXCEPT: A. it increases APD and ERP

B. it suppresses premature ventricular contraction and ventricular tachycardia C. it blocks α and βadrenoreceptors D. it can cause hyperor hypothyroidism

E. it has reverse usedependence

35. Which of the following statements about Catopril is wrong?

A. It causes reflex tachycardia easily B. It does not cause lipid metabolism disturbance

C. Increasing bradykinin due to it seems to be responsible to cough

D. It is contraindicated to pregnant woman E. It is contraindicated to bilateral renal artery stenosis

36. The drug useful in preventing asthma but lacking bronchodilator action is A. cromolyn sodium B. ephedrine C. isoprenaline

D. labetolol E. metoprolol

37. Which of the drugs is used for antifibrinolysis ?

A. vit K B. ridogrel C. tranexamic acid D. adenosine E. streptokinase

38. The antiplatelet mechanism of aspirin is A. inhibiting synthesis of TXA2 in platelet B. inhibiting synthesis of TXA2 in endothelium

C. promoting synthesis of PGI2 in platelet D. promoting synthesis of PGE2 in endothelium 7

E. promoting synthesis of PGI2 in endothelium

39. The severe adverse reaction of biguanides is

A. hypoglycemia B. lactic acidosis C. vomiting

D. blood dyscrasias E. hepatic impairment 40. Which of the following statements about antiinflammatory action of

glucocorticoids is NOT true

A. inhibiting both the early and the late manifestation of inflammation

B. inhibiting the release of arachidonic acid C. affecting all types of inflammatory reactions

D. increasing the amount of lymphocyte E. Inducing apoptosis of inflammatory cell 41. Which of the following mechanisms best accounts for the antithyroid effect of

methylthiouracil？

A. Inhibiting peroxidase and decreasing the thyroxin synthesis

B. Inhibiting the thyroid releasing C. Inhibiting the absorption of iodine

D. Interfering with the utilization of iodine E. Decomposing the thyroxin 42. Which of the following oral hypoglycemic agents can be used in diabetes insipidus? A. Glyburide（格列本脲） B. Metformin（甲福明） C. Acarbose（阿卡波糖） D. Pioglitazone(吡格列酮) E. Repaglinide(瑞格列奈)

43.Which of the following drugs can

inhibit the synthesis of bacterial cell wall, but

does not belong to βlactam

antimicrobials

A.clavulanic acid B.vancomycin

C.aztreonam D.cefazolin E.amoxicillin 44. Which of the following drugs is the first choice in treating mycoplasma pneumonia?

A. tetracycline B. azithromycin C. gentamicin

D.penicillin E.kanamycin

45. Sulfonamide act synergistically with trimethoprim because

A.sulfonamides inhibit the metabolism of trimethoprim

B.trimethoprim inhibit the metabolism of sulfonamides

C.both drugs act at the same step in inhibiting folic acid synthesis

D. both drugs act at different steps in inhibiting folic acid synthesis E. none of the above.

46. Which of the following statements about the mechanism of antibacterial drugs

is most accurate?

A. aminoglycosides bind to receptors on the 50s ribosomal subunit to prevent attachment of aminoacyltRNA 8

B. cephalosporins inhibit the synthesis of precursor of the linear peptidoglycan chain of the cell wall

C. fluoroquinolones inhibit DNAdependent RNA polymerase

D. penicillin G binds to PBPs to inhibit the synthesis of peptidoglycan

E. trimethoprim inhibits dihydrofolate reductases of bacteria

47. Which of the following drugs can treat osteomyelitis caused by G + bacteria ?

A. penicillin G B. polymyxin C. chloramphenicol

D. clindamycin E. ciprofloxacin 48. Which of the following drugs can be used to treat AIDS?

A. Aciclovir(阿昔洛韦) B. zidovudine C. ribavirin

D. idoxuridine(碘苷) E. vidarabine(阿糖腺苷)

49. Which of the following compatibility administration is correct? A. streptomycin + gentamicin B. penicillin G + gentamicin C. streptomycin + furosemide D. penicillin G + erythromycin E. penicillin G + chloramphenicol 50. A 75yearold

woman is hospitalized for pneumonia and treated with an

intravenous antibiotic, on the 3rd day, she developed serious diarrhea, stool is positive for Clostridium difficile toxin. What is the best treatment? A. clindamycin B. cefaclor C. metronidazole

D.erythromycin E. chloramphenicol Type X choice questions (one or more answers may be correct)

51. Propranolol can’t be used in patients with

A. Raynaud’s syndrome B. branchial asthma C. tachycardia D. atrioventricular block E. thyrotoxicosis

52. Which of the following drugs can be used in treatment of glaucoma?

A. mannitol B. timolol C. homatropine D. pilocarpine E. physostigmine 53. Which of the statements about diazepam is (are) correct?

A. antianxious effect in a small dose B. sedative & hypnosis in larger dose C. shortening REM sleep D. reducing NREM sleep

E. can be used for status epilepticus 54. Morphine can produce

A. nausea and vomiting B. euphoria C.

dizziness

D. respiratory depression E. mydriasis 9

55. Which of the following drugs belong to the firstline drugs therapy for

hypertension in current?

A. A vasodilator such as hydralazine B. A calcium channel blocker such as amlodipine

C. A βreceptor

blocker such as propranolol

D. A diuretic such as hydrochlorothiazide E. An ACE inhibitor such as captopril 56. Which of the following drugs is (are) useful in treatment of ventricular tachycardia?

A. Propafenone B. Digitoxin C. Verapamil D. Lidocaine E. Amiodarone

57. Which of the following drugs used in peptic ulcer eradicate H.Pylori?

A. Omeprazole B. sucralfate C. colloidal bismuth subcitrate

D. cimetidine E. sodium bicarbonate 58. Which of the following statement about insulin are true?

A. it can cause anaphylactic reaction B. it can cause hyperglycemic reaction C. it can be administrated orally

D. its mechanism of action is through intracellular receptor pathway

E. it can be used in IDDM and NIDDM 59. Which is(are) the effective agent

against pseudomonas aeruginosa among the

following drugs

A. genetamicin B. carbenicillin C. polymyxins

D. ampicillin E. ceftriaxone

60. Metronidazole can be used in the treatment of

A. Syphilis B. Trichomonas vaginalis infection

C. Bacterial dysentery D. Anaerobic

infections

E. Helicobacter pylori infection 二、 选择题（共 50 分） 单选：（ 共 40 分）

1.A 2.C 3.E 4.D 5.D 6.C 7.B 8.C 9.D 10.B 11.B 12.D 13.B

14.B 15.A 16.C 17.C 18.B 19.B 20.D 21.B 22.A 23.C 24.A

25.E 26.E 27.A 28.B 29.B 30.C 31.D 32.D 33.B 34.E 35.A

36.A 37.C 38.A 39.B 40.D 41.A 42.A 43.B 44. B 45.D 46.D

47.D 48.B 49.B 50. C 多选：（ 共 10 分）

51.ABD 52.ABDE 53.ABDE 54.ABCD 55. BCDE 56.ADE

57.ABC 58.ACE 59.ABCE 60.BDE