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西南科技大学城市学院 CityCollegeofSouthwestUniversityOf

ScienceandTechnology

基于单片机的数字电压表设计

[摘 要] 本文介绍了一种基于单片机的数字电压表的设计。该设计主要由三个模

块组成：A/D转换模块，数据处理模块及显示模块。A/D转换主要由芯片ADC0808来完成，它负责把采集到的模拟量转换为相应的数字量再传送到数据处理模块。数据处理则由芯片AT89C51来完成，其负责把ADC0808传送来的数字量经过一定的数据处理，产生相应的显示码送到显示模块进行显示；此外,它还控制着ADC0808芯片工作。该系统的数字电压表电路简单，所用的元件较少，成本低，且测量精度和可靠性较高。此数字电压表经过proteus软件仿真和调试，可以测量0-5V的1路模拟直流输入电压值，并通过一个四位一体的7段数码管显示出来。

[关键词] 数字电压表；A/D转换;AT89C51；ADC0808；proteus

[summary]This

paper introduces a design based on single chip

microcomputer digital voltmeter.This design is mainly composed of three modules:A/D conversion module, data processing module and display module.A/D conversion is mainly competed by the chip ADC0808, It is responsible for the collection to the analog conversion to the corresponding digital quantity and then transferred to the data processing module,Data processing is done by chip AT89C51,It is responsible for the send ADC0808 to digital quantity through certain data processing,Generating the corresponding display code sent to the display module,In addition, it also controls the ADC0808 chip.The system of the digital voltmeter circuit is simple, the less components, low cost, and high measurement accuracy and reliability,The digital voltmeter through the proteus software simulation and debugging, can measure of 0 to 5 v analog dc input voltage value, and through a four one of the seven segment digital tube display.

[key words]Digital voltmeter. A/D conversion; AT89C51. ADC0808;

proteus

目 录

1 引言 ........................................................................................................................................ 1 1.1 数字电压表的发展现状 ................................................................................................. 1 1.2 本课题研究的主要内容 ................................................................................................. 1 2 设计总体方案 ........................................................................................................................ 2 2.1 设计要求 ......................................................................................................................... 2 2.2 设计思路 ......................................................................................................................... 2 2.3 设计方案 ......................................................................................................................... 2 3 硬件电路设计 ........................................................................................................................ 3 3.1 A/D转换模块 .................................................................................................................. 3 3.1.1 逐次逼近型A/D转换器原理 ................................................................................. 3 3.1.2 ADC0808主要特性 .................................................................................................. 3 3.1.3 ADC0808的外部引脚特征 ...................................................................................... 4 3.1.4 ADC0808的内部结构及工作流程 .......................................................................... 5 3.2 单片机系统 ..................................................................................................................... 7 3.2.1 AT89C51性能 .......................................................................................................... 7 3.2.2 AT89C51各引脚功能 .............................................................................................. 7 3.3 复位电路和时钟电路 ................................................................................................... 10 3.3.1 复位电路设计 ....................................................................................................... 10 3.3.2 时钟电路设计 ....................................................................................................... 10 3.4 LED显示系统设计 ........................................................................................................ 11 3.4.1 LED基本结构 ........................................................................................................ 11 3.4.2 LED显示器的选择 ................................................................................................ 11 3.4.3 LED译码方式 ........................................................................................................ 12 3.4.4 LED显示器与单片机接口设计 ............................................................................ 13 3.5电压调节电路及声光报警电路 .................................................................................... 13 3.5.1电压调节电路 .......................................................................................................... 13 3.5.2声光报警电路 .......................................................................................................... 14