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上海闵行区2016高三英语一模卷

II. Grammar and Vocabulary Section A

(A)

A few years ago, Maxine Bedat looked in her closet. It was full of clothes, but she had nothing to wear. “That was (25)______ it was a closet full of fast fashion based on hyper-trends (超时尚) from one season to the next,” said Maxine.

“Fast fashion” means clothes which are inexpensive but look like (26)______ (late) designs from top fashion houses. One reason for the success of the fast fashion is the rise of the social media. A report found that Millennials (千禧一代) want to wear a variety of clothes in the photos they post on social media. As a result, many businesses which offer trendy and low-cost clothes grow quickly.

However, some Millennials are not happy with the rise of fast fashion. Maxine was tired of always shopping for (27)______ was in style. Instead, she wanted to buy fewer clothes she could wear over and over. So Maxine started a “slow fashion” clothing company called Zady. The clothes it sells often feature classic colors and shapes, and are made from natural materials.

The international business H&M, one of the best-known fast fashion brands, has another approach to “slow fashion.” It has created a recycling program for clothes, (28)______ invites people to bring clothes they no longer want to H&M stores. Shoppers who donate old clothes can receive (29)______ discount on new things they buy. After that, H&M does several things with shoppers? old clothes. Some of them are sold again. Some are turned into other useful items. And the rest (30)______(reduce) to fiber (纤维制品) that can be reused as building materials.

Here (31)______(come) stylish but sustainable fashion. Are you ready to move over fast fashion?

(B)

Brad closed the door slowly as Sue left home to visit her mother. (32) ______(Expect) a whole day to relax, he was thinking whether to read the newspaper or watch his favourite TV talk show on his first day off in months. “This will be (33)______ a walk in the park,” he?d told his wife. “I?ll look after the kids, and you can go visit your mom.”

Things started well, but just after eight o?clock, his three little “good kids”—Mike, Randy, and Alex—came down the stairs in their night clothes and shouted “breakfast, daddy.” When food had not appeared within thirty seconds, Randy began using his spoon on Alex?s head (34) ______ ______ it were a drum. Alex started to shout loudly in time to the beat. Mike chanted “Where?s my toast, where?s my toast” in the background. Brad realized his newspaper would have to wait for a few seconds.

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Life became worse after breakfast. Mike wore Randy?s underwear on his head. Randy locked (35) ______ in the bathroom, while Alex shouted again because he was going to wet his pants. Nobody could find clean socks, (36) ______ they were before their very eyes. Someone (37) ______(name) “Not Me” had spilled a whole glass of orange juice into the basket of clean clothes. Brad knew the talk show had already started.

By ten o?clock, things were out of control. Alex was wondering why the fish in the jar refused his bread and butter. Mike was trying to show off his talent by decorating the kitchen wall with his colour pencils. Randy, thankfully, appeared (38) ______(draw) a picture quietly in the family room，but closer examination showed that he was eating apple jam straight from the bottle with his hands. Brad realized that the talk show was over and (39)______(read) would be impossible.

At exactly 11:17, Brad called the daycare centre. “I suddenly have to go into work and my wife?s away. (40)______ I bring the boys over in a few minutes?” The answer was obviously “yes” because Brad was smiling.

Section B

A. indicator B. predict C. process D. movement E. adapt

F. tracked G. formation H. deliberate I. similar J. advantageous K. surprised

Dogs Used to Be More Like Cats

Researchers studying fossils (化石) of the early ancestors of dogs that lived up to 40 million years ago believe the predators (捕食性动物) evolved as a direct consequence of climate change. The study claims the (41)______ transformed man?s best friend from a creature that behaved more like a cat, into the canine (犬) we know and love today.

Ancestors of dogs living in North America 40 million years ago were ambush (伏击式) predators—in a(n) (42)______ way to cats?. But a million years later, the thick forest that once covered the continent began to give way to grasslands. This led to a(n) (43)______ in the body shape and hunting behavior of dogs, turning them into animals that no longer (44)______ their prey (猎物), but chased it down instead.

This evolutionary transition was (45)______ by the scientists who examined the elbows and teeth of 32 species of dogs that lived between 40 million and two million years ago.

“The elbow is a really good (46)______ of what carnivores (食肉动物) are doing with their forelimbs (前肢), which tells their entire (47)______ abilities,” said Brown University?s Christine Janis, who led the study.

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The research was based on an analysis of fossil specimens (标本) in the American Museum of Natural History in New York. It suggests dog evolution was directly related to climate change. After all, it was not (48)______ to operate as a pursuit-and-pounce predator until there was room to run.

If predators evolved with climate change over the last 40 million years, the authors argue they may continue to (49)______ in response to the present global warming trend. In this way, the results of the study could help (50)______ how animals may look in the future.

III. Reading Comprehension Section A

Two friends have an argument that breaks up their friendship forever, even though neither one can remember how the whole thing got started. Such sad events happen over and over in high schools across the country. 51 , according to an official report on youth violence, “in our country today, the greatest threat to the lives of children and adolescents is not disease or starvation or abandonment, but the terrible reality of violence”. Given that this is the case, why aren?t students taught to manage 52 the way they are taught to solve math problems or stay physically fit?

First of all, students need to realize that conflict is 53 . A report indicates that most violent incidents between students begin with a relatively minor 54 . For example, a fight could start over the fact that one student eats a peanut butter sandwich each lunchtime. 55

the sandwich can lead to insults, which in turn can lead to violence. The problem isn?t in the sandwich, but in the way students deal with the conflict.

Once students recognize that conflict is unavoidable, they can 56 the golden rule of conflict resolution: stay calm. Once the student feels calmer, he should choose words that will calm the other person down as well. Rude words and accusation only add fuel to the emotional fire. On the other hand, 57 words spoken at a normal sound level can put out the fire before it explodes out of control.

After both sides have calmed down, they can use another key 58 for conflict resolution: listening. Listening allows the two sides to understand each other. One person should describe his or her side, and the other person should listen without interrupting. Afterward, the listener can ask non-threatening questions to make the speaker?s position clear. Then the two people should change 59 . 60 , students need to consider what they are hearing. This doesn?t mean trying to figure out what?s wrong with the other person. It means understanding what the real issue is and what both sides are trying to 61 . For example, a shouting match over a peanut butter sandwich might happen because one person

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