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的，H)obsessed adj.使人着迷的，N) traditional adj.传统的，O)versatile adj. 多功能的，多才多艺的只有H)obsessed adj.使人着迷的，最合适，be obsessed with对……着迷，固定搭配，故正确

答案为H选项。

31.【答案】 A)campaign n.运动

【解析】 She began a nationwide (31)_______to have a national holiday declared that would

bring families together while celebrating the (32)_______ festivals. 通读句子，空前是 a nationwide ，空后是介词to，因此本空应填写一个形名词，整个句子可以翻译为：她

开启了一场全国性的(31)_______，并宣称在庆祝(32)_______节日的同时，让家庭团聚在一起。结合给出的选项 A)campaign n.运动，B)career n. 职业，生涯，D)features n.特征，I)

proclamation n.宣布，公告，L) rest n. 休息，剩余部分根据句意，只有A)campaign n.运动，

最合适，故正确答案为A)campaign n.运动选项。

32.【答案】N) traditional adj.传统的，

【解析】 结合第31题可知：空前是定冠词the ，空后是名词festivals，因此本空应填写一个形名词，修饰后面的名词。结合给出的选项G)latter adj.后者的，N) traditional adj.

传统的，O)versatile adj. 多功能的，多才多艺的 结合选项只有 N) traditional adj.传统的，符

合句意。故正确答案为N) traditional adj.传统的，选项。

33.【答案】I) proclamation n.宣布，公告

【解析】President Abraham Lincoln, during the Civil War, issued a (33)_______ setting aside the

last Thursday in November for the holiday.本空前是冠词a，空后为动词的现在分词 setting，

作后置定语，因此本空应为名词，结合给出的选项B)career n. 职业，生涯，D)features n.

特征，I) proclamation n.宣布，公告，L) rest n. 休息，剩余部分再结合句意，在南北战争期

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间，亚伯拉罕·林肯总统发布了一份 (33)_______ ，将11月的最后一个星期四作为假期。结合选项只有I) proclamation n.宣布，公告，符合句意。故正确答案为I) proclamation

n.宣布，公告选项。

34.【答案】F)inspired v.鼓舞，赋予某人灵感

【解析】 Regardless of the author, it seems that the poem was (34)_______ by a real event.空前是be动词was ，空后为介词by，因此应填写动词的被动语态，结合给出的选项

F)inspired v.鼓舞，赋予某人灵感，J)rectified v.改正，纠正只有F)inspired v.鼓舞，赋予某人灵感，符合句意。故正确答案为F选项。

35.【答案】L) rest n. 休息，剩余部分

【解析】Hale claimed for the (35)_______of her life that “some other people pretended that

someone else wrote the poem”.空前为latest形容词，缺少名词，因此本空应填写一个名词，

结合给出的选项：B)career n. 职业，生涯，D)features n.特征，L) rest n. 休息，剩余部分只有

L) rest n. 休息，剩余部分最合适，可翻译为：黑尔余生都声称“有些人自认为，这首诗

的作者另有其人。”故正确答案为L) rest n. 休息，剩余部分选项。

Section B

Directions: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.

Grow Plants Without Water

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[A] Ever since humanity began to farm our own food，we've faced the unpredictable rain that is both

friend and enemy. It comes and goes without much warning, and a field of lush (茂盛的）leafy greens one year can dry up and blow away the next. 【38】Food security and fortunes depend on sufficient rain, and nowhere more so than in Africa, where 96% of farmland depends on rain instead of the irrigation common in more developed places. It has consequences: South Africa’s ongoing drought—the worst in three decades—will cost at least a quarter of its corn crop this year. [B] Biologist Jill Farrant of the University of Cape Town in South Africa says that nature has plenty of

answers for people who want to grow crops in places with unpredictable rainfall. 【43】She is hard at work finding a way to take traits from rare wild plants that adapt to extreme dry weather and use them in food crops. As the earth's climate changes and rainfall becomes even less predictable in some places, those answers will grow even more valuable. The type of farming I'm aiming for is literally so that people can survive as it's going to get more and more dry,\

[C] 【36】Extreme conditions produce extremely tough plants. In the rusty red deserts of South Africa, steep- sided rocky hills called inselbergs rear up from the plains like the bones of the earth. The hills are remnants of an earlier geological era, scraped bare of most soil and exposed to the elements. Yet on these and similar formations in deserts around the world, a few fierce plants have adapted to endure under ever-changing conditions. [D] 【45】Farrant calls them resurrection plants (复苏植物）.During months without water under a harsh sun, they wither, shrink and contract until they look like a pile of dead gray leaves. But rainfall can revive them in a matter of hours. Her time-lapse (间歇性拍摄的）videos of the revivals look like someone playing a tape of the plant's death in reverse.

[E] 【40】The big difference between \Many different kinds of plants have developed tactics to weather dry spells. Some plants store reserves of water to see them through a drought ； others send roots deep down to subsurface water supplies. But once these plants use up their stored reserve or tap out the underground supply, they cease growing and start to die. They may be able to handle a drought of some length,

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and many people use the term \needing to consume water, so Farrant prefers to call them drought resistant.

[F] Resurrection plants, defined as those capable of recovering from holding less than 0.1 grams of water

per gram of dry mass, are different. They lack water-storing structures, and their existence on rock faces prevents them from tapping groundwater, so they have instead developed the ability to change their metabolism.【44】 When they detect an extended dry period, they divert their metabolisms producing sugars and certain stress-associated proteins and other materials in their tissues. As the plant dries, these resources take on first the properties of honey, then rubber, and finally enter a glass-like state that is \，Farrant says That slows the plant's metabolism and protects its dried-out tissues. The plants also change shape shrinking to minimize the surface area through which their remaining water might evaporate They can recover from months and years without water, depending on the species.

[G] What else can do this dry-out-and-revive trick? Seeds—almost all of them. At the start of her career,

Farrant studied \recalcitrant seeds (顽拗性种子）''，such as avocados, coffee and lychee. While tasty, such seeds are delicate—【42】they cannot bud and grow if they dry out (as you may know if you've ever tried to grow a tree from an avocado pit). In the seed world, that makes them rare,because most seeds from flowering plants are quite robust. Most seeds can wait out the dry,unwelcoming seasons until conditions are right and they sprout (发芽）.Yet once they start growing,such plants seem not to retain the ability to hit the pause button on metabolism in their stems or leaves. [H] 【37】 After completing her Ph. D. on seeds, Farrant began investigating whether it might be possible to isolate the properties that make most seeds so resilient (迅速恢复活力的）and transfer them to other plant tissues. What Farrant and others have found over the past two decades is that there are many genes involved in resurrection plants' response to dryness. Many of them are the same that regulate how seeds become dryness-tolerant while still attached to their parent plants. Now they are trying to figure out what molecular signaling processes activate those seed-building genes in resurrection plants—and how to reproduce them in crops. Most genes are regulated by a master set of genes,'' Farrant says.\

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and what would be their master switch. ''

[I] Once Farrant and her colleagues feel they have a better sense of which switches to throw，they will

have to find the best way to do so in useful crops. \says: conventional, genetic modification and gene editing. 【41】She says she is aware that plenty of people do not want to eat genetically modified crops, but she is pushing ahead with every available tool until one works. Farmers and consumers alike can choose whether or not to use whichever version prevails: \

[J] Farrant and others in the resurrection business got together last year to discuss the best species of

resurrection plant to use as a lab model. Just like medical researchers use rats to test ideas for human medical treatments, botanists use plants that are relatively easy to grow in a lab or greenhouse setting to test their ideas for related species. The Queensland rock violet is one of the best studied resurrection plants so far, with a draft genome (基因图谱）published last year by a Chinese team. Also last year, Farrant and colleagues published a detailed molecular study of another candidate, Xerophyta viscosa, a tough-as-nail South African plant with lily-like flowers, and she says that a genome is on the way. One or both of these models will help researchers test their ideas—so far mostly done in the lab—on test plots.

[K] Understanding the basic science first is key. There are good reasons why crop plants do not use

dryness defenses already. For instance, there's a high energy cost in switching from a regular metabolism to an almost-no-water metabolism. It will also be necessary to understand what sort of yield farmers might expect and to establish the plant 's safety. \，\【39】Farrant says, so these plants will be targeted not at Iowa farmers trying to squeeze more cash out of high-yield fields, but subsistence farmers who need help to survive a drought like the present one in South Africa. \\，m targeting crops that are of African value. \

注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。 【杀掉拦路虎】

1. irrigation [??r??ɡe??n]

2018年6月大学英语六级真题试卷及答案（二）

n. 灌溉;水利;[医]冲洗;冲注洗剂

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