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人教版2016年中考英语语法知识难点大全
英语语法知识难点(一)
(一) 形容词和副词 I. 要点 A. 形容词
1、 形容词的用法
形容词是用来修饰、描绘名词的,通常在句中作定语、表语或宾补,有时还可作状语。如:
He is honest and hardworking. I found the book interesting.
某些形容词与定冠词连用表示一类人作主语时,谓语通常用复数形式。如: The rich and the poor live in different parts of the city. The English like to be with their families. 多个形容词作定语修饰名词的顺序: 冠词+序数词+基数词+性质状态(描述性)+形状大小+新旧老少+颜色+国籍+材料+名词。如:
the second five interesting big new red Chinese wall papers.
2、 形容词比较等级的形式 (1) 规则形式
一般说来,单音节词及少数双音节词在后加-er; --est 来构成比较级和最高级;其他双音节词及多音节词在前加more, most.如: great-greater-greatest busy-busier-busiest
important-more important-(the)most important
(2) 不规则形式
good (well)-better-best bad (ill)-worse-worst many (much)-more-most little-less-least
(3) 形容词比较等级的用法
①表示两者的比较,用形容词的比较级+than. 如: He is cleverer than the other boys.
This one is more beautiful than that one.
②表示两者以上的比较,用\形容词最高级(+名词)+of(in) …\ He is the cleverest boy in his class.
③表示两者是同等程度,用\形容词原级+as\如: He is as tall as I.
I have as many books as you. ④ 越… 越…
例如:The more I learn, the happier I am.
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⑤ You can never be too careful. 越小心越好
又如:You can never praise the teacher too highly. 你怎么赞扬这个老师也不过分。
⑥ I have never spent a more worrying day. 那一天是最令我担心的一天。
I have never had a better dinner. 这是我吃过的最好的一顿饭。
⑦ My English is no better than yours. 我的英语和你的英语都不怎么样。
B.副词
1、 副词的种类 (1) 时间副词 如:ago, before, already, just, now, early, late, finally, tomorrow等
(2) 地点副词 如:here, there, near, around, in, out, up, down, back, away, outside等。
(3) 方式副词 如:carefully, angrily, badly, calmly, loudly, quickly, politely, nervously等。 (4) 程度副词 如:almost, nearly, much, greatly, a bit, a little, hardly, so, very等。
2、 副词比较等级的用法
其用法与形容词相似,只是副词最高级前可省略定冠词。如: Of all the boys he sings (the) most beautifully. We must work harder.
3、 某些副词在用法上的区别 (1) already, yet, still
already表示某事物已经发生,主要用于肯定句;yet表示期待某事发生,主要用于否定句和疑问句;still表示某事还在进行,主要用于肯定句和疑问句,有时也可用于否定句。如: We've already watched that film. I haven't finished my homework yet. He still works until late every night.
(2) too, as well, also, either
too, as well和 also用于肯定句和疑问句,too和as well多用于口语,一般放在句末,而also多用于书面语,一般放在句中与动词连用。either用于否定句和否定的疑问句,往往放在句末。如: He went there too.
He didn't go there either. I like you as well. I also went there.
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(3) hard, hardly
hardly意为\几乎\与hard在词义上完全不同。如: I work hard every day.
I can hardly remember that.
(4) late, lately
lately意为\最近、近来\,late意为\晚、迟\。如: He never comes late.
Have you been to the museum lately?
II. 例题
例1 Tom's father thinks he is already ____ A high enough B tall enough C enough high C enough tall
解析:该题正确答案是B。修饰人高用tall, 而建筑物的高用high,并且enough修饰形容词要放在形容词后面。因此该题选B。
例2 ____ the worse I seem to be. A When I take more medicine B The more medicine I take C Taking more of the medicine D More medicine taken 解析:该题正确答案为B。\形容词比较级+… , the +形容词比较级+…\意为越…,越…。该句意为:吃的药越多,我的病越是加重。
例3\ \
A too B also C either D neither
解析:该题正确答案为C。A和B都用于肯定句中。D-neither本身意为否定\两者都不\,而C-either则用于否定句中,意为\也\。
例4 Mr Smith was ____ moved at the news.
A deep B deeply C very deep D quite deeply 解析:该题正确答案为B。A. deep用于副词时,修饰具体的深,如dig deep,而B-deeply则修饰表示感情色彩的词,如该题为deeply moved.另如deeply regret等。而D-quite和deeply均为副词,不能互相修饰。
(二) 介词
I. 要点
1、介词和种类
(1) 简单介词,常用的有at, in, on, about, across, before, beside, for , to, without等。
(2) 复合介词,如by means of, along with, because of, in front of,
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