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基于单片机的煤气泄漏报警器的设计

摘要 人们生活中，离不开煤气，怎样防止煤气中毒和爆炸，是人们的迫切需要解决的问题，故智能煤气报警系统走入了我们的世界。本系统主要针对传统煤气检测系统进行技术改进以满足要求，至此本系统具有如下特点．用单片机实现定时控制，电路简单、价格便宜、可靠性好。采用气敏传感器及防爆型电磁阀．安全可靠，能有效的保证随时接通和断开煤气控制电磁阀：有煤气泄漏时有语音报警，并通过总线通知管理室．双重保障。因此本系统也可作为智能家居系统的一个子系统。

关键词： 51单片机； 气体传感器； RS485总线

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The gas leakage alarm system based on single chip

microcomputer

Abstract Gas has become indispensable in people's life energy, gas leak, to people's personal safety and property safety brought many hidden dangers, Therefore we developed the intelligent gas alarm system. This system mainly for the technical improvement on traditional gas detection system to meet the requirements, so this system has the following characteristics. Using single chip microcomputer implementation timing control, circuit is simple, cheap and good reliability. Using gas sensors and explosion-proof solenoid valves. Safe and reliable, and can effectively guarantee at any time on and off the gas control solenoid valve: a gas leak voice alarm, and notify the management office by bus. Double protection. This system also can be used as a subsystem of the smart home system.

Keywords： 51microcontroller; gas sensor; RS485 bus

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目 录

第1章 绪 论 ............................................................................................................................. 1

1.1 论文设计的背景 .......................................................................................................... 1 1.1 国内外研究现状 .......................................................................................................... 1 1.3 论文的设计内容安排 .................................................................................................. 2 第2章系统设计技术基础 ......................................................................................................... 4

2.1单片机简介及应用 ....................................................................................................... 4 2.1STC89C52单片机的结构 ............................................................................................. 4 2.3 STC89C52管脚介绍 .................................................................................................... 5 2.1传感器的介绍 ............................................................................................................... 7 2.5 传感器的结构介绍 ..................................................................................................... 8 第3章 系统的硬件设计 ........................................................................................................... 9

3.1 系统供电 ...................................................................................................................... 9 3.2 系统硬件框图 .............................................................................................................. 9 3.3 数据处理 .................................................................................................................... 11 3.4 信号的放大电路 ........................................................................................................ 13 3.5 模块电路 ...................................................................................................................... 9 第4章 系统的软件设计 ......................................................................................................... 16

4.1 单片机程序 ................................................................................................................ 16 4.2 各模块程序的流程图及功能说明 ............................................................................ 16 第5章 系统调试 ................................................................................................................... 19

5.1 元件焊接 .................................................................................................................... 19 5.2 系统调试 .................................................................................................................... 19 结 论 ....................................................................................................................................... 20 参 考 文 献 ............................................................................................................................. 21 附 录 ....................................................................................................................................... 22

主程序 ....................................................................................................................... 22 数据采集程序 ........................................................................................................... 23 A/D转换程序 ............................................................................................................ 24

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