哲学考研基础背诵笔记-南京廖华答案网

哲学考研基础背诵笔记下载本文

内容发布更新时间 : 2024/11/2 16:29:06星期一下面是文章的全部内容请认真阅读。

leading cadres ' awareness of right in place, study the party Constitution and party rules, series of speeches can make proper effect. Party cadres to \by example, to lead by example we must change our mind, recognizing that \learn the Communist Party Constitution Party rules, learning learning series important speech by General Secretary can enhance theory. With the \d revolution\he rise of rapid changes in our life are feeling, the Communists should adhere to the theory of confidence will continue to learn from the voices of the times, the times, in turn, will have new requirements for leading party cadres. \he most basic meaning of members all mastering the core theory and the most advanced weapons theory, complement the spirit of calcium. Secondly, the Communist Party Constitution Party rules, learning learning series important speech by General Secretary be able to firmly build the ideological foundation. Under the impact ofmultiple values, the \help cultivate independent judgment in numerous miscellaneous multiple concepts, so that the majority consensus of party members, the important magic weapon of the party with the resonance frequency. Finally, the Constitution of the Communist Party, party rules, learning learning series important speech can stand crowds, General Secretary position. Now, some grass-roots work in the \d way didn't work, hard way cannot, the new approach would not\nd cadres not understanding, does not meet. In fact, the mass \ng\hind are likely to be party members and leading cadres themselves ignoring beliefs held, resulting in lack of persuasion and sense of identity. \d party cadres work, an important prerequisite for convincing the masses. Bacon said it well: \n can handle individual matters, but looking at the whole operation globally, but only man can do to knowledge. \ness of leading cadres of party members, as party members learn real responsibility\c \s, in parallel with the ground, do not forget to also answer the antenna, draw catches on meteorology, which sit between heaven and Earth which melds together the dreams of practicing Communist. Members cadres should in \n a do\post do contribution in all members in the carried out \Constitution Party rules, and learn series speech, do qualified members\ducation, this is following party of mass line education practice activities and \hree real\c education zhihou, deepening party education of and once important practice, is promoted \three strict three real\c education from \pand, and from concentrated education to regular education extends of important initiatives. Vast numbers of party members and cadres in the course of two, should be2. 董仲舒是如何论述天人感应论的。 3. 如何理解董仲舒的“性三品”说。第十三讲：王充

1. 如何理解王充的“天地合气，万物自生”的元气本体论思想。 2. 如何理解王充的鬼神观。

3. 如何理解王充的“事有验证，以效实然”的认识论思想。第十四讲：王弼

1. 如何理解王弼的“以无为本”思想。 2. 如何理解王弼的言、意、象之辨。 3. 如何理解王弼的名教与自然之辨。第十五讲：裴頠

1 裴頠是如何论述其崇有学说的。 2 裴頠是如何反对贵无派的。第十六讲：郭象

1. 如何理解郭象的“万物自生独化”说。 2. 如何理解郭象关于“道”的思想。

3. 如何理解郭象对于“有待”和“无待”思想。 4. 如何理解郭象关于名教与自然的思想。第十七讲：法藏与华严宗

1. 如何理解法藏的“法界缘起”说。 2. 如何理解法藏的“圆融无碍”说。 3. 如何理解法藏的“六相圆融”说。 4. 如何理解法藏的“十玄缘起”说。 5. 如何理解法藏的“一心缘起”说。第十八讲：惠能与禅宗

1．如何理解惠能的“本性是佛”思想。 2．如何理解惠能的“顿悟成佛”思想。 3．如何理解惠能的“自性真空”思想。 4．如何理解惠能的“无念为宗”思想。

5．如何理解惠能的“心生种种法生，心灭种种法灭”。第十九讲：张载

1. 如何理解张载的“太虚即气”思想。

2. 如何理解张载的“一物两体”的辩证法思想。

3. 如何理解张载的“气质之性”与“天命之性”思想。第二十讲：二程

1. 如何理解程颢的“天理”思想。 2. 如何理解程颐的理气论思想。 3. 如何了解程颐的两种人性：“天命之谓性”与“生之为性”。第二十一讲：朱熹

1. 如何理解朱熹的理气观。 2. 如何理解朱熹的辩证法思想。

3. 如何理解朱熹的“格物致知”思想。 4. 如何理解朱熹的知行观。 5. 如何理解朱熹的人性学说。

ased on their actual, striving to be \ng\ng theoretical study, belief and faith. Theory is an action guide, only theoretical knowledge in place, to unity, action can consciously. Constitution is the fundamental law of the party, party rules are party must follow the General rules. Studying and implementing the party Constitution Party rules and a series of important speech, General Secretary, is a guide to persisting and developing socialism with Chinese characteristics, is a basic work of strengthening the party's construction, but also each and every Communist Party Member's obligations and solemn responsibility. These important content, for each party, must know would believe will do both. WeGeneral Secretary of the party Constitution, a series of remarks with, and hold, grasp the real \ng\sis, based on the Constitution speak to issue, in accordance with the series changed the problem. Second, disciplined in line, to become law-abidingmodel. Is not no rules. If there is no iron discipline, party members and cadres will become a mess, it will lose its fighting strength and vitality, purity and naturally much less advanced. By \and cadres to keep the \d lines\consciously practice the \hree Suns\ously act according to the Constitution, party rules, remains a political force, to perform party oath, a tree of its own image. Three is the loyal, dare to play and play to party members. Learning is the Foundation, is the key to development is the goal. \wo\bjective is to let the majority of the play to the exemplary role of party members and cadres, party Constitution, party rules to examine. To use new criteria to guide our behavior. Through education, the ideal and conviction, keep in mind that membership, learn, learn, learn go play a vanguard and exemplary role, the courage to play as, and always maintain the pioneer, pioneering and enterprisingspirit, and constantly improve our own capacity and level of service, according to positions and make contributions. Hearts change, lead more strict \n in the know, know as Luke Skywalker\s, be qualified party members both a starting point and ending point. Party cadres only opinions, Foundation, Constitution Party rules, series to better address outside in shape, \ding by example, to lead by example to be qualified party members in the process of doing the deep and solid, higher and more stringent. Jobs with new skills. To be a qualified party member, most basic element is always advanced requirements themselves, using their power to push forward the cause of the party, the people and the nation. Is to the leading cadres of party members, first of all is based on the job, do the people in the heart. There is not a slogan, but aims to better serve the people, targeted efforts to increase the capacityleading cadres ' awareness of right in place, study the party Constitution and party rules, series of speeches can make proper effect. Party cadres to \by example, to lead by example we must change our mind, recognizing that \learn the Communist Party Constitution Party rules, learning learning series important speech by General Secretary can enhance theory. With the \d revolution\he rise of rapid changes in our life are feeling, the Communists should adhere to the theory of confidence will continue to learn from the voices of the times, the times, in turn, will have new requirements for leading party cadres. \he most basic meaning of members all mastering the core theory and the most advanced weapons theory, complement the spirit of calcium. Secondly, the Communist Party Constitution Party rules, learning learning series important speech by General Secretary be able to firmly build the ideological foundation. Under the impact ofmultiple values, the \help cultivate independent judgment in numerous miscellaneous multiple concepts, so that the majority consensus of party members, the important magic weapon of the party with the resonance frequency. Finally, the Constitution of the Communist Party, party rules, learning learning series important speech can stand crowds, General Secretary position. Now, some grass-roots work in the \d way didn't work, hard way cannot, the new approach would not\nd cadres not understanding, does not meet. In fact, the mass \ng\hind are likely to be party members and leading cadres themselves ignoring beliefs held, resulting in lack of persuasion and sense of identity. \d party cadres work, an important prerequisite for convincing the masses. Bacon said it well: \n can handle individual matters, but looking at the whole operation globally, but only man can do to knowledge. \ness of leading cadres of party members, as party members learn real responsibility\c \s, in parallel with the ground, do not forget to also answer the antenna, draw catches on meteorology, which sit between heaven and Earth which melds together the dreams of practicing Communist. Members cadres should in \n a do\post do contribution in all members in the carried out \Constitution Party rules, and learn series speech, do qualified members\ducation, this is following party of mass line education practice activities and \hree real\c education zhihou, deepening party education of and once important practice, is promoted \ct three real\c education from \pand, and from concentrated education to regular education extends of important initiatives. Vast numbers of party members and cadres in the course of two, should be第二十二讲：陆九渊与王阳明

1. 如何理解陆九渊的“心即理”思想。 2. 如何理解王阳明的“致良知”说。 3. 如何理解王阳明的“知行合一”说。 4. 如何理解陆九渊与王阳明的“格物”说。第二十三讲：颜元

1. 如何理解颜元的“理气融为一片”。 2. 如何理解颜元的“非气质无以见性”。 3. 如何理解颜元的“格物”观。第二十四讲：戴震

1. 如何理解戴震“气化即道”的思想。 2. 如何理解戴震的“生生而条理”思想。 3. 如何理解戴震的“血气心知”思想。 4. 如何理解戴震的“理存于欲”思想。第二十五讲：康有为

1. 如何理解康有为的“以元为体”的形而上学思想。 2. 如何理解康有为的“公羊三世”说。 3. 如何理解康有为的“大同”学说。 4.如何理解可以外的“仁爱”学说。第二十六讲：章太炎

1. 如何理解章太炎的“凡物之初，只有阿屯”的形而上学思想。 2. 如何理解章太炎的“俱分进化论”思想。 3. 如何理解章太炎的“革命进化论”思想。第二十七讲：孙中山

1. 如何理解孙中山的“三民主义”思想。 2. 如何理解孙中山的“知难行易”说。 3. 如何理解孙中山的“民生史观”。 1996年北京大学中国哲学史考研试题

名解六府三事、天爵、四法界、德性之知、俱分进化问答（五选三）

1、荀子对礼义和人性的看法 2、王弼对自然名教的看法 3、慧能“本性是佛”说 4、王夫之能所关系的论述 5、严复的认识论

1998北京大学西方哲学史（中国哲学方向） 1、费希特的自我发展的三个阶段：—— 2、——最早提出上帝存在的本体论证明

3、单子的预定和谐是——（国名）哲学家——提出的命题 4、培根提出的四假象是——

5、——（哲学家）在——（著作）提出主奴意识 6——（哲学家）认为知识即是美德 7、芝诺否定运动的四个论证是——

8、思想和广延都是神的属性是——（哲学家）提出的命题

ased on their actual, striving to be \ng\ng theoretical study, belief and faith. Theory is an action guide, only theoretical knowledge in place, to unity, action can consciously. Constitution is the fundamental law of the party, party rules are party must follow the General rules. Studying and implementing the party Constitution Party rules and a series of important speech, General Secretary, is a guide to persisting and developing socialism with Chinese characteristics, is a basic work of strengthening the party's construction, but also each and every Communist Party Member's obligations and solemn responsibility. These important content, for each party, must know would believe will do both. WeGeneral Secretary of the party Constitution, a series of remarks with, and hold, grasp the real \ng\ that basis, based on the Constitution speak to issue, in accordance with the series changed the problem. Second, disciplined in line, to become law-abidingmodel. Is not no rules. If there is no iron discipline, party members and cadres will become a mess, it will lose its fighting strength and vitality, purity and naturally much less advanced. By \and cadres to keep the \d lines\consciously practice the \hree Suns\ously act according to the Constitution, party rules, remains a political force, to perform party oath, a tree of its own image. Three is the loyal, dare to play and play to party members. Learning is the Foundation, is the key to development is the goal. \wo\s to let the majority of the play to the exemplary role of party members and cadres, party Constitution, party rules to examine. To use new criteria to guide our behavior. Through education, the ideal and conviction, keep in mind that membership, learn, learn, learn go play a vanguard and exemplary role, the courage to play as, and always maintain the pioneer, pioneering and enterprisingspirit, and constantly improve our own capacity and level of service, according to positions and make contributions. Hearts change, lead more strict \n in the know, know as Luke Skywalker\s, be qualified party members both a starting point and ending point. Party cadres only opinions, Foundation, Constitution Party rules, series to better address outside in shape, \ding by example, to lead by example to be qualified party members in the process of doing the deep and solid, higher and more stringent. Jobs with new skills. To be a qualified party member, most basic element is always advanced requirements themselves, using their power to push forward the cause of the party, the people and the nation. Is to the leading cadres of party members, first of all is based on the job, do the people in the heart. There is not a slogan, but aims to better serve the people, targeted efforts to increase the capacityleading cadres ' awareness of right in place, study the party Constitution and party rules, series of speeches can make proper effect. Party cadres to \by example, to lead by example we must change our mind, recognizing that \learn the Communist Party Constitution Party rules, learning learning series important speech by General Secretary can enhance theory. With the \d revolution\he rise of rapid changes in our life are feeling, the Communists should adhere to the theory of confidence will continue to learn from the voices of the times, the times, in turn, will have new requirements for leading party cadres. \he most basic meaning of members all mastering the core theory and the most advanced weapons theory, complement the spirit of calcium. Secondly, the Communist Party Constitution Party rules, learning learning series important speech by General Secretary be able to firmly build the ideological foundation. Under the impact ofmultiple values, the \help cultivate independent judgment in numerous miscellaneous multiple concepts, so that the majority consensus of party members, the important magic weapon of the party with the resonance frequency. Finally, the Constitution of the Communist Party, party rules, learning learning series important speech can stand crowds, General Secretary position. Now, some grass-roots work in the \d way didn't work, hard way cannot, the new approach would not\nd cadres not understanding, does not meet. In fact, the mass \ng\hind are likely to be party members and leading cadres themselves ignoring beliefs held, resulting in lack of persuasion and sense of identity. \d party cadres work, an important prerequisite for convincing the masses. Bacon said it well: \n can handle individual matters, but looking at the whole operation globally, but only man can do to knowledge. \ness of leading cadres of party members, as party members learn real responsibility\c \s, in parallel with the ground, do not forget to also answer the antenna, draw catches on meteorology, which sit between heaven and Earth which melds together the dreams of practicing Communist. Members cadres should in \n a do\post do contribution in all members in the carried out \Constitution Party rules, and learn series speech, do qualified members\ducation, this is following party of mass line education practice activities and \hree real\c education zhihou, deepening party education of and once important practice, is promoted \three strict three real\c education from \pand, and from concentrated education to regular education extends of important initiatives. Vast numbers of party members and cadres in the course of two, should be9思想是最大的优点，智慧在于说出真理，并且按照自然行事，听自然的话。是——（哲学家）提出的命题

简要解释下列概念或命题 5分 1、巴门尼德的存在 2、原子和虚空 3、四因说 4、流溢说 5、唯实论 6、我思故我在 7、物是观念的集合

8、第一性的质和第二性的质分析题4选3 15分

1、柏拉图理念论的分有说及其困难 2、休谟的因果学说及其理论基础 3、康德的先天综合判断学说及其作用 4、黑格尔主体即实体的思想

2000年北京大学中国哲学史考研试题名词解释 1、《礼记》2、谶纬3、崇本举末4、习与性成5、体用一

简答1、郭象与支遁逍遥义的比较2、华严宗的“四法界”说3、戴震论理和欲的关系4、郭店楚简的发现及其意义论述1、《易传》关于道的看法2、王阳明与朱熹格物学说的比较 2001年北京大学中国哲学史

一、解释下列哲学命题（每小题5分，共25分）

1、道常无为而无不为2、以心原物3、圣人体无4、一故神两故化5、物莫非指而指非指

二、把下面一段文字标点今译并给以分析评论（25分）

求向物于向未尝无责向物于今于今未尝有于今未尝有以明物不来于向未尝无故知物不去复而求今今亦不往是谓昔物自在昔不从今以至昔今物自在今不从昔以至今 2002年北京大学中国哲学史考研试题

名词解释[不全]1 离坚白 2 淮南格物 3 万理具于一心 4 通为天下第一要义《今年和去年都考了一段给原文标点，翻译和评述》先秦的 2005北大中国哲学

名解是者（巴门尼德）；理念（柏拉图）；唯名论；启蒙运动；单子......

简答与论述毕达哥拉斯的数本原；亚里士多德第一实体与第二实体；笛卡尔的普遍怀疑；斯宾诺莎事物的次序即观念的次序；洛克第一性的质与第二性的质（为何提出此种区分）；休谟的因果观；卢梭的社会契约论康德的哥白尼革命；黑格尔的实体即主体 2005北大中国哲学

名解与简答中庸；离坚白；以说出故；六理；四法界；能必副其所；四几论述（选二共70分）比较孟子与告子的人性论（仅供留学生）；比较韩非与老子的道论；比较朱熹与罗钦顺的理一分殊；比较王守仁与王夫之的知行观标点翻译（共20分）原文为《中庸章句序》文首至“必如是而后可庶几也” 2005年北京大学中国哲学

名词解释 20中庸,四法界,六理,四几二简答40离坚白,以说出故,崇本举末,

与韩非道论异同 2罗钦顺与朱熹理一分殊3王守仁与王夫之知行观异同4孟子与告子人性论比较

四标点并翻译古文 20分中庸何为而作也？子思子忧道学之失其传而作也。盖自上古圣神继天立极，而道统之传有自来矣。其见于经，则“允执厥中”者，尧之所以授舜也；“人心惟危，道心惟微，惟精惟一，允执厥中”者，舜之所以授禹也。尧之一言，至矣，尽矣！而舜复益之以三言者，则所以明夫尧之一言，必如是而后可庶几也 2007年北京大学中国哲学部分一、名词解释三表四端虚一静因内籀外籀人副天数神灭论太虚即气理一分殊四句教二、论述题

试述朱熹、王阳明、王艮及颜元的格物思想。现代西方哲学部分

二、论述题 1、论述柏拉图关于可见世界和可知世界的区分 2、从方法论角度分析笛卡儿的怀疑 3、分析洛克关于第一性的质和第二性的质的思想 4、分析黑格尔的哲学起点。 2001年中山大学中国哲学试题一、释词心斋；人副天数；独化；道统；格物；三世说；二、翻译（略）三、简答 1、庄子是如何继承和发挥老子的思想的？ 2、什么是法界缘起论？华严宗是如何论证法界缘起的？ 3、朱陆之争的内容及其意义。四、论述中国哲学中，“天人和一”论有哪几种理论形态？请分别予以评述。

2002年中山大学中国哲学试题一、词 1、齐物论 2、即万物之自虚 3、理一分殊 4、至良知 5、俱分进化二、翻译三、简答 1、怎样分与评价王弼的一段话：“忘象者，乃得意者也；……而象可忘也” 2、怎样评价王夫之对王阳明“知行合一”说的批评？四、论述论先秦时期人性论的历史的与逻辑的演变

2003年中山大学中国哲学试题

〈一、名词解释正名；反者道之动；春秋繁露；言意之辩；西铭；坛经；六经注我；致良知；孔子改制考；天演论二原典解读（略）三、论述（二选一） 1、分析、评价庄子齐是非的思想 2、分析、评价王阳明“知行合一”的观点。

1999年北京师范大学硕士研究生入学考试西方哲学史试题一、简答下列各题（每题5分，共50分） 1、爱利亚学校

2、柏拉图“回忆说的主要内容 3、德漠克利特的“影像”说

4、亚里士多德关于“第一哲学”的定义 5、“奥卡姆剃刀”

6、休漠的不可知论观点 7、笛卡儿的二元论

8、卢梭关于人类不平等的论述 9、康德的“自在之物”（“物自体”） 10、费尔巴哈论“思维与存在的统一”

ased on their actual, striving to be \ng\ng theoretical study, belief and faith. Theory is an action guide, only theoretical knowledge in place, to unity, action can consciously. Constitution is the fundamental law of the party, party rules are party must follow the General rules. Studying and implementing the party Constitution Party rules and a series of important speech, General Secretary, is a guide to persisting and developing socialism with Chinese characteristics, is a basic work of strengthening the party's construction, but also each and every Communist Party Member's obligations and solemn responsibility. These important content, for each party, must know would believe will do both. WeGeneral Secretary of the party Constitution, a series of remarks with, and hold, grasp the real \ng\ that basis, based on the Constitution speak to issue, in accordance with the series changed the problem. Second, disciplined in line, to become law-abidingmodel. Is not no rules. If there is no iron discipline, party members and cadres will become a mess, it will lose its fighting strength and vitality, purity and naturally much less advanced. By \and cadres to keep the \d lines\consciously practice the \hree Suns\ously act according to the Constitution, party rules, remains a political force, to perform party oath, a tree of its own image. Three is the loyal, dare to play and play to party members. Learning is the Foundation, is the key to development is the goal. \wo\s to let the majority of the play to the exemplary role of party members and cadres, party Constitution, party rules to examine. To use new criteria to guide our behavior. Through education, the ideal and conviction, keep in mind that membership, learn, learn, learn go play a vanguard and exemplary role, the courage to play as, and always maintain the pioneer, pioneering and enterprisingspirit, and constantly improve our own capacity and level of service, according to positions and make contributions. Hearts change, lead more strict \n in the know, know as Luke Skywalker\s, be qualified party members both a starting point and ending point. Party cadres only opinions, Foundation, Constitution Party rules, series to better address outside in shape, \ding by example, to lead by example to be qualified party members in the process of doing the deep and solid, higher and more stringent. Jobs with new skills. To be a qualified party member, most basic element is always advanced requirements themselves, using their power to push forward the cause of the party, the people and the nation. Is to the leading cadres of party members, first of all is based on the job, do the people in the heart. There is not a slogan, but aims to better serve the people, targeted efforts to increase the capacityleading cadres ' awareness of right in place, study the party Constitution and party rules, series of speeches can make proper effect. Party cadres to \by example, to lead by example we must change our mind, recognizing that \learn the Communist Party Constitution Party rules, learning learning series important speech by General Secretary can enhance theory. With the \d revolution\he rise of rapid changes in our life are feeling, the Communists should adhere to the theory of confidence will continue to learn from the voices of the times, the times, in turn, will have new requirements for leading party cadres. \he most basic meaning of members all mastering the core theory and the most advanced weapons theory, complement the spirit of calcium. Secondly, the Communist Party Constitution Party rules, learning learning series important speech by General Secretary be able to firmly build the ideological foundation. Under the impact ofmultiple values, the \help cultivate independent judgment in numerous miscellaneous multiple concepts, so that the majority consensus of party members, the important magic weapon of the party with the resonance frequency. Finally, the Constitution of the Communist Party, party rules, learning learning series important speech can stand crowds, General Secretary position. Now, some grass-roots work in the \d way didn't work, hard way cannot, the new approach would not\nd cadres not understanding, does not meet. In fact, the mass \ng\hind are likely to be party members and leading cadres themselves ignoring beliefs held, resulting in lack of persuasion and sense of identity. \d party cadres work, an important prerequisite for convincing the masses. Bacon said it well: \n can handle individual matters, but looking at the whole operation globally, but only man can do to knowledge. \ness of leading cadres of party members, as party members learn real responsibility\c \s, in parallel with the ground, do not forget to also answer the antenna, draw catches on meteorology, which sit between heaven and Earth which melds together the dreams of practicing Communist. Members cadres should in \n a do\post do contribution in all members in the carried out \Constitution Party rules, and learn series speech, do qualified members\ducation, this is following party of mass line education practice activities and \hree real\c education zhihou, deepening party education of and once important practice, is promoted \three strict three real\c education from \pand, and from concentrated education to regular education extends of important initiatives. Vast numbers of party members and cadres in the course of two, should be 二、回答下列各题（每题10分，共30分） 1、洛克对“天赋观念论”的批判 2、简评实用主义真理观 3、海德格尔论“此在”

三、试论述黑格尔对康德哲学的批判与继承（20分） 2001北京师范大学

1.仁2.不忍人之心3.和而不同4.《坛经》5.《封建论》6.张载7.王阳明8.民生史观

1. 董仲舒哲学的特点是什么？对你有什么启发？2.试论朱熹知行观理论价值3.论述中国历史上的形神观

2002北京师范大学中国哲学史试题

一.名词解释（选答5题，带*号者佛教方向必答，共20分）：四端齐物 *一念三千 *法界缘起本体质力相推

二.简述题（选答4题，带*号者佛教方向必答，共60分）： 1.试述孔子的“以政为德”思想。 2.试比较王充与郭象的“自生”理论。

3.*唯识“四分”的构成及说明了什么样的道理？ 4.什么是见闻之知与德性之知及其二者的相互关系？ 5.试分析康有为天人学说的主要特色。

三.给下列原著标点并译成现代汉语（20分）

易与天地准故能弥纶天地之道仰以观于天文俯以察于地理是故知幽明之故原始反终故知死生之说精气为物游魂为变是故知鬼神之情状与天地相似故不违知周乎万物而道济天下故不过旁行而不流乐天知命故不忧安土敦乎仁故能爱范围天地之化而不过曲成万物而不遗通乎昼夜之道而知故神无方而易无体一阴一阳之谓道继之者善也成之者性也仁者见之谓之仁知者见之谓之知百姓日用而不知故君子之道鲜矣

夫理有至极外内相冥未有极游外之致而不冥于内者也未有能冥于内而不游于外者也故圣人常游外以冥内无心以顺有故虽终日见形而神气无变俯仰万机而淡然自若见形而不及神着天下之常累也是故睹其与群物行则莫能谓之遗物而离人矣睹其体化而应务则莫能谓只坐忘而自得矣岂直谓圣人不然哉乃必谓至理之无此是故庄子将明流统之所宗以释天下之可悟若直就称仲尼之如此或者将据所见以排之故超圣人之内迹而方外于数子宜忘其所寄以寻述作之大意（注：标点直接在试题上做，不用另抄题） 2006年北京师范大学中国哲学一、简答题1，《道德经》2，公孙龙3，天命之谓性4，斗莦之性5，裴頠6，天人交相胜7，四法界8，《传习录》9，严复10，《虺书》二、论述题

1，试分析孔子“仁”和墨子“兼爱”思想的同异。

2，具体说明宋儒“理一分殊”的思想。 3，王夫之人性论的具体内容。 2007年北京师范大学中国哲学试题一．简释 1．《齐物论》2．无行相克3．一阴一阳之谓道4．形质神用 5．得意忘象6．血气心知7．八识8．般若9．《仁学》10.《新理学》二.问答

1．孟子＂尽心，知性，知天＂思想评述．

Word文档下载：哲学考研基础背诵笔记.doc

搜索更多:哲学考研基础背诵笔记