GMAT语法:Like用法总结及题目训练(1) 下载本文

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GMAT语法:Like用法总结及题目训练(1)

一.Like用法总结原则一:like比较的是名词和名词。要找准比较对象。原则二:Justlike是wordy,like就可以了。Like**,**also也是redundant。原则三:要把like的句子改写成as(连词)引导的从句的话,要补上从句的谓语动词(或助动词),并且该动词和主句的动词应该没有逻辑上的矛盾。1.as作连词,like作介词时,才可表示”象...一样”2.like和as的优缺点like优点是,直接接名词,简洁,比as灵活,象得没as那么象。但有时太灵活以至导致歧义(e.g.,og060.A)。相比之下as的优点是准确,缺点是过于死板,以致于有时导致逻辑上不通。(e.g.,og119.C)3.like常用于比较名词,作独立成分,大部分时候出现在句首。(e.g.,og091)但

like+n.也可作表语

(lookslike,readslike(e.g.,大全568)),或普通状语(说普通是区分独立成分)(v.+like+n.,e.g.,og119)。平时我们说“worklikeadog”,即属此类。4.当like+n.作状语时,象所有的介词短语作状语一样,要考虑它在句中的位置和用来修饰什么,不可导致歧义。5.当like+n.作状语时,感觉GMAT接受v.+like+n.,很少用v.+n.+like+n.,除非是固定用法(如:treat...like...(大全310))。例如下面的句子,GMAT会认为confusing:Tomdriveshiscarlikeatank.(drivelikeatank,orcarlikeatank?)6.like,as,和asif。当用as和like都感觉不舒服时,用asif+虚拟语气,尤其用于和假设的事物或事实比较。如上面的句子用as不行,因为Tomdriveshiscarashedrivesatank。显然不妥,因为Tom未必开坦克。但可以这么说:Tomdriveshiscarasifitwereatank。(大全310)7.\和\。表“比如...”,只能用suchas;而表“象...”时,用like。或说,当n2是n1的子集时,用suchas;当n1和n2为平行可比物时,用like。记住suchas一般对,也小心“大全229”那样的陷阱。8.\和\,改成\(e.g.,大全792)9.like和unlike。unlike只作独立成分和表语,没见过unlike作普通状语。Heworksunlikeadog(别扭)。注意\表强调,不要改成\。(e.g.,og051)例:og091:like独立成分,平行比较og060,大全844,大全045:like歧义og119/og189:v.+like普通状语,as过于死板大全310/大全973:asif,treat...like大全568:系表结构,readlike...大全792:likethese=>such+n.大全229:表“象..”,用like,不用suchasog208:表“比如...”,只能用suchas

like

Og

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1.Likemanyself-taughtartists,PerleHessingdidnotbegintopaintuntilshewaswellintomiddleage.(A)Like(B)Ashave(C)Justaswith(D)Justlike(A)

(E)AsdidChoiceA,thebestanswer,isconciseandgrammaticallycorrect,usingthecomparativeprepositionliketoexpressthecomparisonbetweenmanyself-taughtartistsandPerleHessing.ChoicesBandE,whichreplaceA’sprepositionalphrasewithclausesintroducedbyas,useauxiliaryverbsthatcannotproperlybecompletedbyanypartoftheverbphraseinthemainclause:neitherhave...didnotbeginnordid...didnotbeginislogicallyorgrammaticallysound.InCandD,JustaswithandJustlikearebothunnecessarywordy.2.LikeAuden,thelanguageofJamesMerrillischatty,arch,andconversational―giventocomplexsyntacticflightsaswellastoprosaicfree-versestrolls.(A)LikeAuden,thelanguageofJamesMerrill(B)LikeAuden,JamesMerrill’slanguage(C)LikeAuden’s,JamesMerrill’slanguage(D)AswithAuden,JamesMerrill’slanguage

C

(E)AsisAuden’sthelanguageofJamesMerrillAtissueisacomparisonofAuden’slanguagewithMerrill’slanguage.OnlyC,thebestchoice,usestheellipticallikeAuden’s(languagebeingunderstood),tocompareAuden’slanguagewithMerrill’slanguage.A,B,andDcompareAuden(theperson)withMerrill’slanguage.ChoiceEisawkwardandunidiomatic.3.Liketheirmalecounterparts,womenscientistsareaboveaverageintermsofintelligenceandcreativity,butunlikemenofscience,theirfemalecounterpartshavehadtoworkagainstthegrainofoccupationalstereotypingtoentera“man’sworld.”(A)theirfemalecounterpartshavehadtowork(B)theirproblemisworking(C)onethingtheyhavehadtodoiswork(D)thehandicapwomenofsciencehavehadistowork

E

(E)womenofsciencehavehadtoworkEisthebestchoice.Themeaningiscleardespitetherelativecomplexityofthesentence,thecomparisonofwomenwithmenislogical,andparallelismismaintainedthroughout.InA,theconstructionunlikemenofscience,theirfemalecounterpartsviolatesrulesofparallelismandsyntax.Itwouldbestberenderedasunlikemenofscience,womenofscience....ChoiceBincorrectlysuggeststhatacomparisonisbeingmadebetweenmenofscienceanda.problemfacedbyfemalescientists.InC,thelengthyseparationbetweenwomenandtheymakesthepronounreferencevague,andthecomparisonbetweenmenofscienceandonething(ratherthanwomenofscience)isfaulty.Thephrasingisunnecessarilywordyaswell.ChoiceDintroducesunnecessaryredundancyandawkwardnesswiththeconstructionthehandicapwomen...havehadistowork.ChoiceDalsoincorrectlycomparesmalescientistswithahandicapfacedbyfemalescientists.4.LikeRousseau,Tolstoirebelledagainsttheunnaturalcomplexityofhumanrelation

sinmodernsociety.(A)LikeRousseau,Tolstoirebelled(B)LikeRousseau,Tolstoi’srebellionwas(C)AsRousseau,Tolstoirebelled(D)AsdidRousseau,Tolstoi’srebellionwas

A

(E)Tolstoi’srebellion,asRousseau’s,wasInchoiceA,the