雅思口语问答类话题中的结构法 下载本文

内容发布更新时间 : 2024/12/26 4:15:57星期一 下面是文章的全部内容请认真阅读。

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雅思口语问答类话题中的结构法

在雅思口语中,问答类话题占了很大的比重,那么雅思考试口语类话题有没有什么方法能够让整个话题具有更强的理据性呢?有!文都国际教育老师将在本篇雅思培训中讲述三种结构法,希望大家在回答此类问题的时候能更清楚地表达自我。 结构法-:TSC法则

作为问答类话题最常用的法则,TSC几乎是可以用于所有问题回答中的经典法则。T即我们常说的topic sentence, S则代表supporting details, C表示conclusion。也就是在一个问答题中,每个说话人都至少做到话题中要包含一定的主题、细节和结论。这样能够让考官很清楚地听出你想表达的主题内容以及你的表述已经完毕。

如以下这个问题:

Do you think that traveling has potential dangers? 旅游有潜在危险吗?

首先在问题中我们应该呈现的是topic sentence, 考生的态度:Yes, I think so. Traveling is dangerous potentially because of sudden traffic accident and natural disaster.主题句是口语得分的关键。更关键的是是否能够说服对方。这就需要大家进行supporting details的表述了: Say, last month, I could frequently see on the newspaper that people were caught into traffic accident and got injured when they went traveling by car. What’s more, a big earthquake took place in Nepal where lots of tourists took a visit there. And some of them lost their life because of the disaster. 很多考生在此就戛然而止了,因为觉得已经说得很多,表达得很清楚了。然后就尴尬地看着考官,在几秒钟的沉默后考官又进行下一个发问。这种尴尬的情景显然是可以尽量去避免的。只需要大家加上最后一句总结性话语,可以非常简单:That’s all. 也可以是对上述话题的总结:Those are what I mean the potential dangerous of traveling. 加上一个简单的总结,能给听者一个重要提示:我的讲话结束了。自然而然对方就会进行下一个问题了。

TSC法则看似简单,但是真正在实际运用中落实的考生却并不多。很多都是主题句直接到了结果,或者有考生直接说了主题句,其他内容全部缺失。这样的表达非常不利于考生把控话题,没有原因考官就会追问why, 没有结论就很容易出现尴尬局面,考官会认为你还在思考。 结构法二:层级法则

所谓层级法则,即按照一定的逻辑层级去表达,如The main reason is…,what’s more, 或者是The most popular way is…, another popular one is…,当然有的情况也会使用重要性、频率或是喜爱程度来进行层级划分进而回答问题。当要阐述原因,解释内容的时候,一般都可以使用层级法则。

如How can people get famous these days?如今人们是怎么成名的?我们可以按照层级法则从最高级进行回答。以下是一个示范回答:

文都国际教育官方网站:http://www.wenduguoji.com/

文都国际教育官方网站:http://www.wenduguoji.com/

Well, the most common way for people to become famous is to join in some famous contests, such as talent shows on TV. If you become the champion, you can easily become famous. Another ordinaryway to become famous is to be an actor and actress. If you appear in a very successful film and you do a good job, you become famous immediately. In a word, it’s very easy to become famous nowadays as long as you have your own stuff and you catch the chance to show it to other people.

使用不同的层级,不仅使得表达有清晰的逻辑,而且能够提醒说话人要去构造新的观点。特别是在考试的紧张状态下,考生就不需要东拼一句西凑一句,到最后却让自己和对方都搞不懂在讲什么而慌张了。对于前文提出的关于重要性,频率或是喜爱程度这样的问题,推荐大家可以进行层级讨论。 结构法三:分类结构

分类结构也就是把问题分成平行的几个点,并对其一一进行讨论。在问答题中,分类讨论出现的频率颇高,常出现的问法有:What are the differences between…? Which one do you prefer…? What kinds of…? 这些问法在每次的雅思考试中占据了至少三分之一。但是很多考生在听懂整个问题后往往就会战战兢兢,语无伦次。有的时候其实只是问题听上去有一定的难度,但是如果大家能够进行分类讨论,那至少不会在逻辑上出现太大的错误,并且能够进行完整的作答。

以What are the differences between big companies and small companies?为例。大公司和小公司的区别在哪里,对于这一类典型指出类别的话题,大家可以用相同的比重对大小公司进行分类讨论,这样能让考生在说话的过程中明确自己的逻辑。以下是对问题的示范回答:

Well, big and small companies differ in the individual responsibilities. I mean as for big companies, there are various departments. So the division of responsibility of every employee is quite clear. For small companies, one has to shoulder several duties as the restriction of employees. Also, they are different in management. When it comes to big companies, employees usually have to obey different of rules of the company while for small companies, it is not so systematic so that there are not as many regulations as compared to the big ones. 对于以上的分类讨论,考官就可以很清楚了解到考生想要表达的内容。虽然观点不是特别多,但是在有限的时间内论证清楚了自己能够想到的两个论点和论据。这个就是进行分类讨论的优势,它能够使大家在短时内完成对话题的讨论,并且具有较清晰的逻辑。

以上就是文都国际教育想要给大家分享的问答题法则。希望大家在备考的过程中能够将这三个法则牢记于心,可以说它们是贯穿整个雅思口语问答题始终的,大家一定要在具体的问题上找到合适的法则进行运用。希望本文对考生们提高问答题回答的逻辑性有一定的帮助。 文章来源于文都国际教育:http://www.wenduguoji.com

文都国际教育官方网站:http://www.wenduguoji.com/