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? ÃܶÈΪ£º? = m/V = 6.47?10?22/(0.157?10?21) = 4.12 g/cm3 ʵÑé²âÁ¿ÖµÎª£º? = 4.10 g/cm3
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m =? V= 4.82?10?21?0.197 = 0.950?10?21 g
CdSµÄ·Ö×ÓÁ¿Îª£º112.4+32.064 = 144.464 g/mol ? ¾§°ûÖеķÖ×Ó¸öÊýΪ£º
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´ð£º A(Cs) CsλÓÚÌåÐÄ£¬CsºÍClÏàÇУ¬
¹ÊAB = rCs + rCl = 0.170+0.181 = 0.351 nm
(Cl)B C AC = a/2 BC = ¸ù¾Ý¹´¹É¶¨Àí£ºAB2 = AC2 + BC2
0.3512 = (a/2)2 + ( )2 = 3a2/4£¬ÇóµÃ£ºa = 0.405 CsClµÄ·Ö×ÓÁ¿Îª£º132.91+35.45 = 168.36 g/mol£¬ ¾§°ûÌå»ýΪ£ºV = 0.4053 = 0.0664 nm3
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3.40 ÀûÓñí3.4ÖеÄÊý¾Ý£¬¼ÆËã¾ßÓÐӫʯ½á¹¹µÄCaF2µÄÃܶȡ£ ´ð£ºrCa = 0.100 nm rF = 0.181 nm
A B
C
AC = 2rF + 2rCa=2?(0.100+0.181) = 0.562 nm AC = a/2£¬ BC =
¸ù¾Ý¹´¹É¶¨Àí£ºAC2 = AB2 + BC2
0.5622 = (a/2)2 + ( )2 = 3a2/4£¬ ÇóµÃ£ºa = 0.487 nm
¾§°ûÌå»ýΪ£ºV = (0.487nm)3 = 0.1155 nm3 =1.155?10?22 cm3 1¸ö¾§°ûÖк¬ÓÐ8¸öCaºÍ4¸öF£¬
ÖÊÁ¿Îª£ºm = 8?40.08+4?18.998=396.632 g/mol
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3.41 ¼ÙÏëµÄAXÀàÐÍÌÕ´É£¬ÆäÃܶÈΪ2.65 g/cm3£¬Á¢·½¶Ô³ÆµÄ¾§°û±ß³¤Îª0.43 nm¡£AºÍXÔªËصÄÔ×ÓÁ¿¸÷Ϊ86.6ºÍ40.3 g/mol¡£ÓÉ´ËÅжϣ¬Æä¿ÉÄܵľ§Ìå½á¹¹ÊôÓÚÏÂÁÐÄÄÒ»ÖÖ£ºÑÒÑνṹ£¬ÂÈ»¯ï¤½á¹¹»òÕßÉÁп¿ó½á¹¹£¿ ´ð£º¾§°ûµÄÖÊÁ¿Îª£º
m = 2.65?10?21?0.433 = 0.211?10?21 g ¾§°ûÖеĶÀÁ¢·Ö×ÓÊýΪ£º
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3.42 ¾ßÓÐÁ¢·½¶Ô³ÆµÄMgFe2O4(MgO-Fe2O3)µÄ¾§°û±ß³¤Îª0.836 nm¡£Èç¹û²ÄÁϵÄÃܶÈΪ4.52 g/cm3£¬¸ù¾Ý±í3.4ÖеÄÀë×Ӱ뾶Êý¾Ý¼ÆËãÆäÔ×ÓÖÂÃܶȡ£
´ð£º¾§°ûµÄÖÊÁ¿Îª£ºm = 4.52?10?21?0.8363 = 2.64?10?21 g
MgFe2O4µÄ·Ö×ÓÁ¿Îª£º
M = 24.312+2?55.847+4?15.999=200.002g/mol
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¸ù¾Ý±í3.4ÖеÄÀë×Ӱ뾶Êý¾Ý£¬µÃ³ö£º rMg= 0.072 nm£¬rFe= 0.077 nm£¬rO= 0.140 nm
¸÷¶ÔÓ¦µÄÔ×ÓÌå»ýΪ£ºVMg = 4 ?(0.072)3/3= 1.562?10?3 nm3 VFe = 4 ?(0.077)3/3= 1.911?10?3 nm3 VO = 4 ?(0.140)3/3= 1.149?10?2 nm3
¾§°ûÌå»ýΪ£ºV = (0.836nm)3 = 0.5843 nm3
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3.43 Al2O3¾ßÓÐÁù·½¾§Ïµ£¬¾§¸ñ³£ÊýΪa = 0.4759 nm, c = 1.2989 nm¡£Èç¹û²ÄÁϵÄÃܶÈΪ3.99 g/cm3£¬¸ù¾Ý±í3.4ÖеÄÀë×Ӱ뾶Êý¾Ý¼ÆËãÆäÔ×ÓÖÂÃܶȡ£ ´ð£º¾§°ûÌå»ýΪ£º
asin60??a?3?c = 0.4759?0.4759? /2?1.2989=0.2548 nm3
¾§°ûµÄÖÊÁ¿Îª£ºm = 3.99?10?21?0.2548 = 1.017?10?21 g
Al2O3µÄ·Ö×ÓÁ¿Îª£º
M = 2?26.982+3?15.999=101.961g/mol
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¸ù¾Ý±í3.4ÖеÄÀë×Ӱ뾶Êý¾Ý£¬µÃ³ö£º rAl= 0.053 nm£¬rO= 0.140 nm
¸÷¶ÔÓ¦µÄÔ×ÓÌå»ýΪ£ºVAl = 4 ?(0.053)3/3= 6.233?10?4 nm3 VO = 4 ?(0.140)3/3= 1.149?10?2 nm3
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3.44 ¼ÆËã½ð¸ÕʯÁ¢·½¾§Ìå½á¹¹µÄÔ×ÓÖÂÃܶȣ¨Í¼3.16£©¡£¼Ù¶¨³É¼üÔ
×ÓÏ໥½Ó´¥£¬¼ü½ÇΪ109.5?£¬¾§°ûÄÚ²¿µÄÿ¸öÔ×ÓÓë×î½üÁÚ¾§°ûÃæÐÄÖ®¼äµÄ¾àÀëΪa/4£¨aΪ¾§°û±ß³¤£©¡£ ´ð£º
? =109.5?/2 = 54.75? X =a/4£¬ Y = 2rC
ÔòYcos(54.75?) = a/4 ÇóµÃ£º
a= 4?2rC?cos(54.75?) = 4.617 rC
¾§°ûµÄÌå»ýΪ: V = a3 = (4.617rC)3 = 98.419 rC3 ½ð¸Õʯ¾§°ûÖдæÔÚ8¸ö¶ÀÁ¢Ô×Ó£¬ÆäÌå»ýΪ£º VC =£¸?4 ? rC3/3 = 33.493rC3 ? APF = 33.493rC3/98.419 rC3= 0.340 g/cm3
3.45 ÀûÓñí3.4µÄÀë×Ӱ뾶Êý¾Ý£¬¼ÆËãÂÈ»¯ï¤µÄÔ×ÓÖÂÃܶȡ£¼ÙÉèÀë
×ÓÑØ×ÅÌå¶Ô½ÇÏßÏàÇС£ ´ð£º
A
rCs= 0.170 nm£¬rCl = 0.181 nm
AC rCs + 2rCl = 0.702 nm£¬ = 2 AC = a AB = a B
C
¸ù¾Ý¹´¹É¶¨Àí£ºAC2 = AB2 + BC2
0.7022 = a2 + ( a)2£¬ÇóµÃ£ºa = 0.405 nm ÿ¸ö¾§°ûÖк¬ÓÐÒ»¸ö¶ÀÁ¢µÄ·Ö×Ó£¬ÆäÌå»ýΪ£º
VCsCl = 4? ?(rCs)3/3 + 4? ?(rCl)3/3 = 4? ?(0.170)3/3 + 4? ?(0.181)3/3 = 4? ?0.00491/3 + 4? ?0.00593/3 = 0.0454 nm3 ¾§°ûÌå»ýΪ£ºV = a3 = (0.405)3 nm3 = 0.0664 nm3 ? APF = VCsCl/V = 0.0454/0.0664 = 0.68
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