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虚拟语气小结

▲定义:表示说话人所说的话不是事实,而是一种假设,愿望,怀疑或推测。虚拟语气主

要用于名词性从句，状语从句和定语从句。 I.虚拟语气在名词性从句中的用法: 1.宾语从句

⑴ Wish+ that -从句 ：

①did/were(现在)② had done(过去)③would/could do（将来） 例如：①I wish that I studied English well. ②I wish (that) you could succeed.

③I wish that I had not said that the other day .

(2)“一个坚持，两道命令，四条建议，五项要求”：insist（坚持认为、说；坚持要求）/order（命令）/command（命令）/advise/suggest（建议；暗示，表明）/propose（提议，建议）/recommend（推荐，建议）/ask（要求）/require（要求；需要）/demand（要求；需求）/request（要求；请求）/urge （强烈要求；呼吁）+that –从句：主语+ (should) do 例如：①The man insisted( that ) he had not made mistakes and that he( should) not be punished（惩罚）.

②Her pale（苍白的） face suggested that she was ill and I suggested that she (should) go to see a doctor immediately.

⑶ would rather that -从句: ①did/were(现在或将来) ② had done(过去) 例如：①I’d rather (that) I had not gone there . ② I would rather that I stayed at home tomorrow.

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2．主语从句

⑴ it is suggested/required...that -从句: 主语+(should) do 例如：①It is required that homework (should) be handed in on time . →对比：(宾从) Our teachers require (that ) homework (should) be handed in on time

②It is suggested that we （should） take notes carefully in class. ⑵ it is important/necessary/natural（自然的）/strange/a pity...that -从句: 主语+(should) do 例如①It is important that we （should） learn English well. ②It is strange that the lazy boy should pass the exam. 注意：此句型表示惊奇、不相信、遗憾、理应如此等。 3．同位语从句

▲Suggestion/advice/proposal(提议，建议)/request/order...that -从句: 主语+（should） do 例如：①The professor( 教授) gave orders that the experiment (should) be finished before 5:30p.m

②One of my friends gave me a piece of advice that I (should) go to school by bike.

4.表语从句

▲Suggestion/advice/proposal/request/order... be +that -从句: 主语+(should) do 例如：My advice is that we (should )finish the work as quickly as possible.

II．虚拟语气在状语从句中的用法: 1.方式状语从句:

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As if/as though + 从句：①did/were(从句的动作与主句的动作同时发生)② had done(从句的动作先于主句 的动作)③would/could do（从句的动作后于主句的动作） 例如：①He walked as if he were drunk.

② The man talked about Italy as if he had been there before .

2.让步状语从句

Even if /even though +从句：用法等同于if引导的非真实条件状语从句 [ 详见以下if条件句]

3．条件状语从句

⑴if引导的非真实条件状语从句 与现在事实 相反的假设 与过去事实 相反的假设 与将来事实 相反的假设 If 主语+did/were If主语+had done 主语+should/would/could/might+ do 主语+should/would/could/might+ have done If主语+ did/were... If主语+ were to do If主语+ should do 主语+should/would/could/might+ do 注意:①错综时间条件句：从句与主句的时间不一致，应根据时间来调整动词的形式。②if 省略句:were/had/should提到句首。③用介词短语with/without/but for代

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