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APA Harvard , MLA , Vancouver and Chicago and Turabian citing style citing guidance and comparison

APA，哈佛,MLA、温哥华和芝加哥和Turabian论文格式的引用指导和对比

Prepared by 李连发

Date: January 17, 2016

Content list (目录)

Chapter one definition and application of APA Harvard , MLA , Vancouver and Chicago and Turabian citing style .......................................................................................................................... 3 第一章APA，哈佛,MLA、温哥华和芝加哥和Turabian论文格式的定义和应用 .................... 3 Chapter two citing guidance and example APA Harvard , MLA , Vancouver and Chicago and Turabian citing style .......................................................................................................................... 4 第二章APA，哈佛,MLA、温哥华和芝加哥和Turabian论文格式的引用指导和范例 ............ 4

2.1 MLA CITING STYLE ........................................................................................................ 4

2.1.1 MLA CITING STYLE books ................................................................................... 4 2.1.2 MLA CITING STYLE-- Magazine .......................................................................... 4 2.1.3 MLA CITING STYLE --Journal Article. ................................................................. 5 2.1.4 MLA CITING STYLE. Website with author. .......................................................... 5 2.2 APA CITING STYLE.......................................................................................................... 6

2.2.1 APA CITING STYLE –book .................................................................................... 6 APA CITING STYLE –book in a database ....................................................................... 6 2.2.2 APA CITING STYLE-- magazine ............................................................................ 7 APA CITING STYLE --magazine article online ............................................................... 7 2.2.3 APA CITING STYLE -Journal article ...................................................................... 7 APA CITING STYLE -Journal article online ................................................................... 7 2.2.3 APA CITING STYLE –website with an author ....................................................... 8 2.3 Vancouer CITING STYLE .................................................................................................. 8

2.3.1 Vancouver CITING STYLE --books ........................................................................ 8 2.3.2 Vancouver CITING STYLE --Journal Article. ......................................................... 9 2.3.3 Vancouver CITING STYLE ---Website. ................................................................ 10 2.4 CHICAGO / Turabian CITING STYLE ........................................................................... 10

2.4.1 CHICAGO / Turabian citing style --books ............................................................ 10 2.4.2 CHICAGO / Turabian citing style -- Magazine ..................................................... 10 2.4.3 CHICAGO / Turabian citing style --Journal Article. ............................................. 11 2.4.4 CHICAGO / Turabian citing style ---Website. ....................................................... 11

Chapter three Comparison between APA Harvard , MLA , Vancouver and Chicago and Turabian citing style ....................................................................................................................................... 12 第三章APA，哈佛,MLA、温哥华和芝加哥和Turabian论文格式的对比 .............................. 12

3.1 citation of books ................................................................................................................ 12 3.2 citation of journals ............................................................................................................ 12 3.3 citation of Website ............................................................................................................. 13

Chapter one definition and application of APA Harvard , MLA , Vancouver and Chicago and Turabian citing style

第一章APA，哈佛,MLA、温哥华和芝加哥和Turabian论文格式的定义和应用

APA citing style. APA格式

APA citing style refers to the rules and conventions for source used in academic paper which is established by the American Psychological Association . Its documenting sources are author/date based style. This means emphasis is placed on the author and the date of a piece of work to uniquely identify it.

APA格式是美国心理协会制定的学术论文参考文献的规则和约定。其参考文献格式基于作者和日期。这意味着强调作品的作者和日期来作为一件作品的唯一标识。

Harvard citing style. 哈佛格式

Harvard citing style is very similar to APA citing style. APA citing style is mainly used in the USA whereas Harvard is generally used in the UK and Australia, especially in the humanities.

哈佛格式跟APA格式是非常相似。APA格式主要用于美国而哈佛格式一般用于英国和澳大利亚,尤其应用于人文学科。

MLA citing style. MLA格式

MLA citing style is often used by the arts and humanities, especially in the USA. It is the most well used among all of the citation styles.

MLA(美国现代语言协会)通常应用于艺术和人文学科,特别用于美国。它是所有文献格式中最常用的一种格式。

Vancouver citing style. 温哥华格式

Vancouver citing style is mainly used in medical and scientific papers. 温哥华格式主要用于医疗和科学论文 Chicago and Turabian citing style.

Chicago and Turabian citing styles are very similar, just like Harvard and APA CITING STYLE, Chicago citing style is used in USA while Turabian citing style is used in the UK and Australia. Both of them are widely used for economics and