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基于PLC的交通信号灯智能控制系统设计

摘 要

随着经济的发展，车辆的数目不断增加，道路堵车现象日益严重，智能交通灯就应运而生了。目前世界上的智能交通系统存在的问题是：系统结构庞大、管理困难、维护投入大等。为了改善现有的交通状况，迫切需要设计智能的交通灯控制系统。

智能交通灯是一项综合运用网络通讯计算机技术、感应技术来管理交通灯具的自动控制系统。城市交通控制系统是用于城市交通数据监测、交通信号灯控制与交通疏导的计算机综合管理系统，它是现代城市交通监控指挥系统中最重要的组成部分。总之，如何采用合适的控制方法，最大限度利用好耗费巨资修建的城市高速道路，缓解主干通与匝道、城区同周边地区的交通拥堵状况，越来越成为交通运输管理和城市规划部门亟待解决的主要问题。

可编程控制器以微处理器为核心，普遍采用梯形图进行程序设计，编程容易，修改灵活，且结构简单，抗干扰能力强。本设计采用德国西门子的S7-200系列的CPU226做主机，配以扩展模块EM222。设计中采用了S7-200编程软件SETP7-Micro/WIN3.2进行编程，用梯形图设计程序，并配有输入输出I/O接线图。本论文就城乡交通灯模拟控制系统的电路原理、设计计算等问题来进行具体分析讨论。将智能控制方案和正常时序控制进行对比，它具有小型化、智能化、维修投入小、易于安装等特点。与其他的智能交通系统相比该系统更适应经济和社会的发展，符合目前科技发展的现状。

关键词：智能化；交通灯；PLC

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Intelligent Traffic Light Control System Design Based on

PLC

Abstract

With economic development and increasing of the number of vehicles, road congestion is becoming increasingly serious, so the intelligent traffic lights is emerged. At present, the world's Intelligent Transportation System's problem is: huge structure, difficulty managed and the maintenance is largely expensive. In order to improve the existing traffic conditions, it is urgent to design a small scale smart traffic lights system.

Intelligent traffic lights is a comprehensive use of computer network communication technology and sensor technology to manage the automatic control system of traffic lights. Urban traffic control system is used for urban traffic data monitoring, traffic signal control and traffic management computer system, it is the most important component of modern urban traffic control system. In short, the main problem that how to use the appropriate control method to make full use of the high-speed roads, trunk road, that are costly built, and the ramp to alleviate urban with the neighboring state of traffic congestion have become more and more urgent to the traffic management and urban planning departments.

Programmable controller, whose core is a microprocessor, is commonly used to design program with ladder appearance diagram（LAD）, it is also flexible and easy to modify, moreover, it has simple structure and strong anti-interference ability. This report uses the CPU226 of Germany's Siemens' S7-200 series as the host computer, and together with the expansion module EM222. The layout is designed via the S7-200 programming software SETP7-Micro/WIN3.2, and programmed by ladder appearance diagram, we also

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present the input and output I/O wiring diagram. This article on the urban traffic light control system analog circuit and other issues to discuss specific analysis. Compared the intelligent control system with the normal timing control system, it has small size，intelligence, maintenance into small, easy to install and so on. Compared with other intelligent transportation system, it adapts to economic and social development, in line with the current status of scientific and technological development.

Keywords：Intelligent; Traffic lights; PLC

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