内容发布更新时间 : 2024/11/8 21:37:08星期一 下面是文章的全部内容请认真阅读。
医学论文英文摘要常用句型
英文摘要限500个实词左右,一般须以第三人称过去式叙述。用词准确,逻辑性强,结构严谨。结果和结论一般用句子表达;而目的、方法(设计、地点和对象)等,则常用短语表达。
(1)英文摘要的时态与语态
1)研究目的 通常用 一般现在时 或 一般过去时。
2)方法和结果 一般用一般过去时、第三人称的被动语态表达。 3结论 通常用一般现在时、被动语态表达,也可用主动语态表达。
(2)常用句型
1)表达论文内容的常用句型 A 第三人称主动态
①This paper(article,report)describes…本文叙述… ②This paper (article)reports…本文报告…
③This report(paper,article)presents…本文介绍… ④This paper(article,report)discusses…本文讨论… 常用的动词还有analyze(分析),evaluate(评价),compare(比较),describe(描述)等。
B 第一人称主动态
⑤We report(on)…我们报告…
⑥We describe a case of… 我们描述1例… ⑦In this paper,we present… 本文介绍… ⑧In this paper,we report… 本文报告…
主语除we之外,还可用the authors(作者)等。 C 一般现在时被动语态
⑨A case is reported in which… 本文报告1例… ⑩A study of…is reported本文报告…的研究 ⑧…is(are)described. 本文描述…
⑥In this paper.…is(are)presented. 本文介绍… 2)表达目的常用句型
A 一般过去时、被动语态
①The purpose(aim,objective) of this study was to… 本研究旨在… ②The goal(aim) of this investigation was to… 本研究旨在… ③This study was designed to… 本研究旨在… ④This study was undertaken to… 本研究旨在…
⑤This prospective study was performed to… 本前瞻性研究的目的是… ⑥A study to…was carried out(during) (在…期间)所作研究的目的是… ⑦An attempt has been made to… 为了…而作试验 B 动词不定式短语
To evaluate,report,investigate,study,analyze… C 一般过去时、主动语态
⑧We(the authors)conducted a study to… 为了…我们进行了研究 ⑨To determine…,we studied… 为了确定…,我们研究了…
⑩In an attempt to…,in an effort to…或in order to…,we carried out a pilot study… 为了…,我们进行了…的初步研究
表示目的的常用动词有:evaluate(评价),examine(检查,观察),determine(确定,查明),elucidate(阐明),explore(探索),test(测试),compare(比较),estimate(评估),assess(估价),investigate(调查)等。 3)表达方法的常用句型 A 方法
表达研究类型 Prospective, Retrospective, Cohort,Case-control,in vivo, in vitro
①Using…(technique),we studied… 我们用…(技术)研究了… ②Using…,it was found that… (我们)用…发现了… ③…was(were)measured using… (我们)用…测定了…
④…was(were)analyzed (reviewed) by… (我们)用…分析(回顾)了… ⑤…was(were)treated with… (我们)用…治疗了… ⑥…measurements were made of… 测定了… 常用的动词还有:study,measure,determine, investigate,isolate,demonstrate,examine,identify等。
B 分组(主语通常为patients,subjects,animals)
⑦…were randomly divided (grouped) into…groups …被随机分成…组 ⑧…were separated into…groups based on… 根据…,将…分成…组 ⑨The groups were as follows: 分组如下: C 治疗或检查方法 ⑩… was performed(used) in (on)…patients 我们对…患者施行(应用)了… (patients) underwent…endoscopy (患者)进行了…内镜检查
Surgical procedures, assay(immunohistochemistry, molecular biology…) 手术方法,测试方法… C 统计学方法
Statistical methods: Student’s t test, χ2 … was used for 4)表达结果的常用句型 A 一般句型
①The results showed (demonstrated) that…结果表明… ②It was found that… (我们)发现…
③It was observed that… (我们)观察到…
第②和③句也可改为第一人称:We found that…和We observed that…。 B 增加或减少
④…decreased by(40%)…降低(40%)…
⑤…(a 70%) reduction in…was observed …观察到…降低(70%) ⑥There was a(15%) elevation in……增高(15%)
⑦…resulted in (a marked) increase in… …导致…(明显)增高 ⑧…was lowered from…to… …从…下降到…
表达增加或减少的常用动词还有rise,raise,decline,drop,fall,lower等。可用by表示是净增减的数或倍数,例如“…increase by 40%”,表示“增加40%”;而to表示增加或减少到某个具体数值。 C 相关与差别
⑨There was a significant linear correlation between…and… …与…有显著的线性相关性
⑩…showed no strong correlation between…and… …显示…与…无密切相关性
⑩…correlated positively with… …与…呈正相关
⑥A negative correlation was found between…and… 发现…与…呈负相关 ⑩There was (were)(no)significant difference(s)or (No)significant difference(s)was found(observed) between…and… …与…之间…(无)有显著差别 P value P值(需写出具体数字)
⑩…was closely related to… …与…密切相关
表示相互关系的常用词还有relationship(关系),association(联系),regression(回归)。 D 表示改善或保持
⑩…demonstrated a significant improvement in… …方面呈明显改善 ⑩…values returned to (preoperative)levels …值恢复到(手术前)水平 ⑩…remained at a mean of… …保持在…平均值水平 5)表达结论的常用句型 A 常用提示句型
①These results suggest that…结果提示…
②These findings indicate that… 这些发现表明…
③The data (study)show the need for… 数据(研究)表明需要… ④The results support the concept that… 结果支持…的概念 ⑤Our observations confirm that… 我们的观察证实… imply(提示),demonstrate(证明)和illustrate(说明) B 做出结论或建议
⑥We conclude that… 我们的结论是… ⑦We suggest that…我们建议… ⑧We believe that… 我们认为… ⑨We postulate that…我们设想… ⑩It is concluded that… 结论是…
⑩It is suggested (proposed)that… 结果提示…,建议…(虚拟语气) ⑥It is recommended that… 建议… ⑩It is estimated that… 估计… …is(are)suggested(recommended) …propose …as C 表示一致性
⑩These results accord with… 结果与…一致 ⑩The results are concordant with…结果与…一致 ⑧The results agree well with…结果与…一致
be consistent with,in accordance with(…与…一致)