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英语学习讲义

2020北京东城高三一模

英语试题

本试卷共10页，共120分。考试时长100 分钟。考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分：知识运用（共两节，45分）

第一节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分） A

阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。

The goshawk, a rare bird, once close to extinction, has doubled ___1___ (it) number in a national park in the south of England. Around 100 years ago, there were thought to be no goshawks ___2___(leave), due to farmers hunting them and their woodland habitats being cut down. However, thanks to conservationists, goshawks are back. By monitoring their nesting sites over time, the teams have been able to protect them from further forestry work. As a result, their number ___3___(grow) from just 20 pairs to 40 pairs in the past two years. 【答案】1. its 2. left 3. has grown 【解析】

这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了一种曾经濒临灭绝的稀有鸟类——苍鹰，在英格兰南部的一个国家公园数量翻了一倍。这都多亏了自然资源保护主义者的工作。 【1题详解】

考查代词。句意：苍鹰，一种曾经濒临灭绝的稀有鸟类，现在在英格兰南部的一个国家公园里它的数量翻了一番。number为名词，应用形容词性物主代词its修饰。故填its。 【2题详解】

考查非谓语动词。句意：大约100年前，人们认为那里已经没有苍鹰了，因为农民在捕猎它们，而它们的林地栖息地也被砍伐了。分析句子结构可知leave在句中应用非谓语动词形式，与逻辑主语goshawks构成被动关系，故用过去分词。故填left。 【3题详解】

考查动词时态。句意：因此，在过去的两年里，它们的数量从20对增长到了40对。根据后文

只要坚持 梦想终会实现

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英语学习讲义

in the past two years可知应用现在完成时，且主语为number，助动词用has。故填has grown。

B

阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。

One morning, I told my husband jokingly that he’d dropped the ball because he hadn’t made me coffee and I was having trouble getting motivated ___4___(start) the day. My five-year-old son overheard me and asked what “drop the ball” meant. I told him it was just something like making a mistake. A few minutes later, he came into our bedroom ___5___ (hold) an overflowing coffee cup with a dishcloth underneath it to catch the drops. He said to my husband, “You dropped the ball, but I picked the ball up,” and he handed me the worst-tasting, most watered-down but ___6___ (sweet) cup of coffee ever. 【答案】4. to start 5. holding 6. sweetest 【解析】 【分析】

这是一篇记叙文。短文叙述了作者和丈夫开玩笑说他没给自己煮咖啡，使自己很难有动力开始新的一天，结果自己的儿子给自己端来一杯味道最糟、最满但却是最甜的咖啡的故事。 【4题详解】

考查非谓语动词。句意：一天早上，我开玩笑地告诉丈夫，他把事情搞砸了，因为他没有给我煮咖啡，我很难有动力开始新的一天。分析句子结构可知start在句中应用非谓语动词形式，且作主语补足语。故填to start。 【5题详解】

考查非谓语动词。句意：几分钟后，他走进我们的卧室，手里拿着一个盛满了咖啡的咖啡杯，杯底是一块洗碗布，用来接滴下的咖啡。分析句子结构可知hold在句中应用非谓语动词形式作状语，且与逻辑主语he构成主动关系，故用现在分词。故填holding。 【6题详解】

考查形容词最高级。句意：他对我丈夫说:“你犯错误另外，但我弥补了这个错误。”然后他递给我一杯味道最糟、最满但却是最甜的咖啡。结合句意表示“最甜的”应用最高级sweetest。故填sweetest。

【点睛】当分词做状语的时候，如果构成分词的动词与句子的主语构成主动关系，就使用现

只要坚持 梦想终会实现

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英语学习讲义

在分词做状语；当二者构成被动关系，使用过去分词做状语。如果分词的动作发生在谓语动词之前，就使用分词的完成式。如果分词与句子的主语没有关系，可以使用状语从句或者独立主格结构。

如第二小题，考查非谓语动词。句意：几分钟后，他走进我们的卧室，手里拿着一个盛满了咖啡的咖啡杯，杯底是一块洗碗布，用来接滴下的咖啡。分析句子结构可知hold在句中应用非谓语动词形式作状语，且与逻辑主语he构成主动关系，故用现在分词。故填holding。

C

阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。

In half a century, the Internet has transformed society. Billions of us can connect at the touch of a button. Access ___7___ information, banks and shops has never been easier. The world has changed ___8___ (dramatic) and continues to do so in ways we couldn’t have imagined. However, the Internet isn’t without disadvantages. By design, it has no central authority, ___9___ makes protecting people online or dealing with misinformation a near-impossible task.

___10___ the Internet develops will shape our future. If the past 50 years has been dominated by free and open exchanges, the next 50 will be about whether rules and restrictions can actually make the Internet, and the world, a better place. 【答案】7. to 8. dramatically 9. which 10. How 【解析】 【分析】

这是一篇说明文。半个世纪以来，互联网改变了整个社会。文章主要说明了互联网对人们生活的一些影响以及互联网的一些特点和未来的发展。 【7题详解】

考查介词。句意：获取信息、去银行办理业务和购物从未像现在这样容易。表示“获取”短语为access to。故填to。 【8题详解】

考查副词。句意：世界发生了巨大的变化，而且仍在以我们无法想象的方式继续变化。修饰动词change应用副词dramatically。故填dramatically。 【9题详解】

只要坚持 梦想终会实现

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英语学习讲义

考查定语从句。此处为非限定性定语从句修饰上文整个句子，且从句中缺少主语，故用关系代词which。故填which。 【10题详解】

考查连接词。句意：互联网如何发展将决定我们的未来。此处为主语从句，根据句意，从句中缺少方式状语，故用how引导。句首字母要大写。故填How。 【点睛】定语从句中的关系词选择，可考虑以下几点：

1、看清楚先行词的意义，就是理清先行词是指人、指物、时间、地点、原因。指物时不能用who或whom，指人时通常不用which等等。

2、看清楚关系词句法功能，就是理清关系词是担任什么句子成分，是作主语还是宾语、是作定语还是状语等等。作定语通常用whose，有时也用which。作状语要用when, where, why。 3、看清楚定语从句的种类，就是理清是限制性定语从句还是非限制性定语从句。that、why通常不引导非限制性定语从句。

4、看清楚文体，就是理清是正式文体，还是非正式文体。是书面语体还是口语体。 如第三小题，此处为非限定性定语从句修饰上文整个句子，且从句中缺少主语，故用关系代词which。故填which。

第二节 完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，共30分）

阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

At six feet, seven inches tall and weighing 253 pounds, Father was a quiet giant(巨人) who only roared when he was angry. He would work long days, often ____11____ when I was already in bed. My two younger sisters and I both loved and feared him. Hearing the words, “Just wait until your father comes home,” would guarantee the three of us would start ____12____immediately. I was seven years old the night the “giant” became a person, and my ____13____. All it took was the ___14___ of a tiny, dirty kitten.

I ____15____ to the sounds of my father coming home from work. I slipped out of bed and moved quietly towards the living room in hopes of spending a few precious minutes ____16____ with my parents without my annoying sisters around.

I heard mum say, “We cannot ____17____ it.” What was the “it”? The giant saw me and ____18____ I should sit down near him. I was at a loss, although ____19____ might be a better word, for I had never seen or heard of a giant crying before. Unshed(满眶) tears ____20____up in his eyes.

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的英语学习讲义

His cheeks were ____21____ from the ones he had cried earlier.

The giant reached into a cardboard box and brought out a dirty young cat and ____22____ it on my lap. I was soon ____23____, as the giant shared a story with mum. As he spoke, with shaking shoulders caused by ____24____and at times sorrow, he transformed from a giant to a man who became my hero.

He ____25____ that he was on his way home when he heard two men laughing and talking. As he rounded the corner, he heard the most terrible scream of pain. He couldn’t ____26____ what he saw. The men had thrown a kitten into a furnace(火炉). He yelled and ran up to them but it was too ___27___. He couldn’t save the kitten. The men had run away and he was about to run after them when he saw another kitten at his feet.

“We have to ____28____ it; we have to keep it!” said the giant. “It needs a ____29____,” said mum. “I can help, Mommy!”

Reminded of my presence, mum and my hero sent me off to bed. As I fell asleep, I heard mum running some water.

We named the kitten Cinder and it joined our family. I never saw “the giant” again; I only saw my hero and a man whose heart was ____30____ than he was. 11. A. greeting 12. A. waiting 13. A. model 14. A. visit 15. A. awoke 16. A. straight 17. A. keep 18. A. appealed 19. A. regretful 20. A. built 21. A. wet 22. A. spread 23. A. discovered

只要坚持 梦想终会实现

B. chatting B. escaping B. hero B. story B. listened B. alone B. leave B. urged B. hopeless B. rolled B. red B. placed B. forgotten

C. returning C. preparing C. tutor C. arrival C. rushed C. indoors C. train C. indicated C. unwilling C. blocked C. bright C. led C. convinced

D. wandering D. behaving D. friend D. life D. dreamed D. gradually D. clean D. proposed D. terrified D. welled D. fresh D. dropped D. relieved

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