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超小型智能液压挖掘机机械结构设计 超小型智能液压挖掘机机械结构设计

摘要

近年来我国经济增长速度迅速，我国基础建设项目的不断增多，小型液压挖掘机的市场越来越大。液压挖掘机是工程机械的重要机种，而小型液压挖掘机可以满足市政建设和农田建设，因此受到了广大施工作业单位的看好，其生产制造业也日益扩大。

现在新产品的设计对计算机仿真技术的应用越来越多，利用专业的cad软件进行设计，并直接在虚拟样机上进行修改，这可以大大提高产品的开发效率，缩短新产品的设计周期，加速产品更新换代的进程。本文根据任务书的设计要求，结合各机构的工作特点和设计要求，在参考和分析CAT303.5ECR微型液压挖掘机的基础上，运用proe软件设计了无尾式小型液压挖掘机计算机辅助设计。

这次设计建立了液压挖掘机工作装置、回转支撑装置、行走装置的三维模型，并对主要工作装置进行力学分析和计算。最后完成整机的组装，并通过控制动臂油缸、斗杆油缸、和铲斗油缸的运动来模拟挖掘机的作业过程，最终获得运动包络曲线。对运动包络曲线分析，获得挖掘机的最大挖掘高度、最大卸载高度、最大回转半径、最大挖掘深度。

关键词：小型液压挖掘机,工作装置,回转支撑装置,行走装置 ,辅助设计

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福州大学本科生毕业设计

The Design of Smart Micro Hydraulic Excavator’s

Mechanical Structure

Abstract

Nowadays,more and more projects are being under construction with the development of country’s economy.So the market of small hydraulic excavator is expanding.As a main kind of the construction machinery,and also the small hydraulic excavator can be used to publicworks and farmland construction.Base on the above reasons ,it is popular with many companies.By the way,a lot of businessmen are willing to invest in this field.

The adaption of computer simulation to new kind of product is becoming very universal.For the reason that when engineers design new product,they can change the parameter on the simulator conveniently.Therefore,this can help improve the efficiency and faster the regeneration of the product.This article is written according to the requirements of assignment book.And also,it is met with all mechanism characters.Taking the CAT303.5ECR as a design model and applying proe software to this design,the small hydraulic excavator 3D model with all swinging function can be designed.

This design has set up small hydraulic excavator’s working device、rotary and support device、walking device.And also taking the main structures into mechanical analysis .At last assemble all the working device、rotary and support device、walking device as one complete machine.Once the complete machine is done,we can simulate the hydraulic excavator’s working process by control three hydro-cylinder’s

movement.We can get the envelop curve by simulating the movement of the hydraulic excavator.And in the meantime,we can get the height of the highest excavation、the height of the highest unload、the longest value of the swinging circle、the height of the deepest value.

keywords：small hydraulic excavator,working device,rotary and support device,walking device ,aided design

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超小型智能液压挖掘机机械结构设计 目录

第1章 前言 ..................................................................................................................错误！未定义书签。

1.1 课题背景及目的 ..............................................................................................错误！未定义书签。

1.2 国内外小型挖掘机的发展情况 ......................................................................错误！未定义书签。

1.2.1 国内小型挖掘机的发展现状 ..................................................................错误！未定义书签。

1.2.2 国外挖掘机的发展现状 ..........................................................................错误！未定义书签。

1.3本次设计的主要内容.......................................................................................2 第2章 挖掘机工作装置的总体设计..........................................................................4 2.1工作装置构成..................................................................................................4 2.2油缸的布置......................................................................................................5 2.3工作装置主要参数的初步确定......................................................................5 2.4工作装置机构尺寸的计算..............................................................................6 2.4.1 铲斗机构的参数选择..............................................................................6 2.4.2 动臂机构的参数选择............................................................................,.6 2.4.3 斗杆机构的参数选择..............................................................................7 2.5液压缸的设计..................................................................................................9 2.5.1 挖掘力的确定..........................................................................................9 2.5.2 工作装置油缸作用力的确定..................................................................9 2.5.3 液压缸缸径和活塞杆直径的计算........................................................10 2.5.4 液压缸缸壁厚和外径的计算................................................................11 第3章 挖掘机回转机构设计....................................................................................13 3.1 回转轴承类型的确定..................................................................................13 3.2 回转滚盘的计算选型..................................................................................15 3.2.1 当量负荷的计算....................................................................................16

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