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第十二届全国人民代表大会第一次会议

政府工作报告

REPORT ON THE WORK OF THE GOVERNMENT

Delivered at the First Session of the Twelfth National People's Congress on March 5, 2013 Wen Jiabao, Premier of the State Council

第十二届全国人大一次会议在人民大会堂开幕，国务院总理温家宝代表国务院向大会作政府工作报告。

Fellow Deputies：On behalf of the State Council, I now present to you the report on the

government's work of the past five years and suggestions for its work this year for your deliberation and for comments from the members of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC). 各位代表：现在，我代表国务院，向大会报告过去五年的政府工作，并对今年工作提出建议， 请各位代表审议，并请全国政协委员提出意见。

I. Review of Work in the Past Five Years

一、过去五年工作回顾

The past five years since the First Session of the Eleventh National People's Congress were a truly extraordinary period of time in the course of China's development.

第十一届全国人民代表大会第一次会议以来的五年，是我国发展进程中极不平凡的五年。 We effectively countered the severe impact of the global financial crisis and maintained steady and fast economic development. China's GDP increased from 26.6 trillion yuan to 51.9 trillion yuan, and now ranks second in the world. Government revenue went up from 5.1 trillion yuan to 11.7 trillion yuan. A total of 58.7 million urban jobs were created. The per capita disposable income of urban residents rose by an annual average of 8.8%, and the per capita net income of rural residents rose by 9.9%. Grain output increased for the ninth consecutive year in 2012.

我们有效应对国际金融危机的严重冲击，保持经济平稳较快发展，国内生产总值从 26.6 万 亿元增加到 51.9 万亿元，跃升到世界第二位；公共财政收入从 5.1 万亿元增加到 11.7 万亿 元；累计新增城镇就业 5870 万人，城镇居民人均可支配收入和农村居民人均纯收入年均分 别增长 8.8%、9.9%；粮食产量实现“九连增”；

Progress was made in key areas of reform; and the open economy reached a new stage of development. We made China more innovative. Breakthroughs were made in developing manned spaceflight and the lunar exploration program, building a manned deep-sea submersible, launching the Beidou Navigation Satellite System, developing supercomputers and building high-speed railways. China's first aircraft carrier, the Liaoning, was commissioned. 重要领域改革取得新进展，开放型经济达到新水平；创新型国家建设取得新成就，载人航天、 探月工程、载人深潜、北斗卫星导航系统、超级计算机、高速铁路等实现重大突破，第一艘 航母“辽宁舰”入列；

We successfully hosted the Games of the XXIX Olympiad and the XIII Paralympic Games in Beijing and the World Expo in Shanghai.

成功举办北京奥运会、残奥会和上海世博会；

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We successfully mitigated the impact of the massive Wenchuan earthquake, the strong Yushu earthquake, the huge Zhugqu mudslide and other natural disasters and carried out post-disaster recovery and reconstruction. 夺取抗击汶川特大地震、玉树强烈地震、舟曲特大山洪泥石流等严重自然灾害和灾后恢复重 建重大胜利。

China's productive forces and overall national strength, its living standards and social security, and its international status and influence all improved significantly. 我国社会生产力和综合国力显著提高，人民生活水平和社会保障水平显著提高，国际地位和 国际影响力显著提高。

We successfully completed the Eleventh Five-Year Plan and got off to a good start in implementing the Twelfth Five-Year Plan.

我们圆满完成“十一五”规划，顺利实施“十二五”规划。

We made significant socialist economic, political, cultural, social, and ecological progress, and wrote a new chapter in building socialism with Chinese characteristics.

社会主义经济建设、政治建设、文化建设、社会建设、生态文明建设取得重大进展，谱写了 中国特色社会主义事业新篇章。

The following are the main work we accomplished over the past five years and its main features:

五年来的主要工作及特点：

1. Effectively responding to the global financial crisis and promoting steady and rapid economic development

(一)有效应对国际金融危机，促进经济平稳较快发展。

In the past five years, we averted the grievous consequences of the global financial crisis, whose abruptness, rapid spread and profound impact were rarely seen in the past century. We responded to the crisis calmly, made timely and decisive adjustments to the focus of macro-control, adopted ten measures to increase domestic demand and promote steady and rapid economic growth, and implemented a comprehensive package plan. In a two-year period, an additional four trillion yuan of government investment was made, with 1.26 trillion yuan from the central government, mainly for building government-subsidized housing, improving rural people's wellbeing, building infrastructure, developing social programs, improving the environment, promoting innovation, and carrying out post-disaster recovery and reconstruction.

过去五年，我们是在持续应对国际金融危机严重冲击中走过来的。这场危机来势之猛、扩散 之快、影响之深，百年罕见。我们沉着应对，及时果断调整宏观调控着力点，出台进一步扩 大内需、促进经济平稳较快增长的十项措施，全面实施一揽子计划。两年新增 4 万亿元投资， 其中中央财政投资 1.26 万亿元，主要用于保障性安居工程、农村民生工程、基础设施、社 会事业、生态环保、自主创新等方面建设和灾后恢复重建。

Over the past five years: More than 18 million government-subsidized housing units of various types were built, and over 12 million housing units in run-down areas were upgraded. A total of 18,000 large and medium-sized and key small reservoirs were reinforced, 24,500 kilometers of key small and medium-length rivers were harnessed, and water-saving irrigated farmland was increased by 7.7 million hectares. A total of 19,700 kilometers of new rail lines were built, 8,951 kilometers of which are high-speed railways. The high-speed Beijing-Shanghai, Beijing-Guangzhou and Harbin-Dalian railways and a number of intercity railways were opened

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to traffic. A total of 609,000 kilometers of new roads were built, 42,000 kilometers of which are expressways, increasing the total length of expressways in service to 95,600 kilometers.

五年来，新建各类保障性住房 1800 多万套，棚户区改造住房 1200 多万套；完成大中型和重 点小型水库除险加固 1.8 万座，治理重点中小河流 2.45 万公里，新增节水灌溉面积 770 万公 顷；新增铁路里程 1.97 万公里，其中高速铁路 8951 公里，京沪、京广、哈大等高铁和一批 城际铁路相继投入运营；新增公路 60.9 万公里，其中高速公路 4.2 万公里，高速公路总里程 达 9.56 万公里；

Thirty-one airports and 602 shipping berths for 10,000-ton ships were built.A number of bridges over rivers and bays and linking islands with other islands and the mainland were completed. 新建机场 31 个；新增万吨级港口泊位 602 个；一批跨江跨海大桥、连岛工程相继建成； Smooth progress was made in major projects such as those for transporting natural gas and electricity from the west to the east and diverting water from the south to the north, and some of the projects have been completed. Non-fossil energy production developed rapidly, and China now ranks first in the world in the installed capacity of both hydropower and wind power.

西气东输、西电东送、南水北调等重大工程顺利推进或建成；非化石能源快速发展，水电、 风电装机位居世界第一；

Reconstruction of the Wenchuan, Yushu and Zhugqu disaster areas transformed them completely. 重建后的汶川、玉树、舟曲等灾区发生了翻天覆地的变化。

These impressive achievements played a vital role in our effective response to the severe impact of the global financial crisis, and laid a solid foundation for sustaining China's economic and social development. They have benefited and will continue to benefit hundreds of millions of people. 这些举世瞩目的成就，对我们有效应对国际金融危机严重冲击发挥了至关重要的作用，为经 济社会长远发展打下了坚实基础，已经并将继续造福亿万人民。

We always strove to maintain a balance between ensuring steady and rapid economic development, adjusting the economic structure, and managing inflation expectations. We made government macro policies more forward-looking, scientific and effective and implemented them with proper orientation, force and focus.

我们始终注重处理好保持经济平稳较快发展、调整经济结构和管理通胀预期的关系，增强宏 观政策的前瞻性、科学性、有效性，注意把握好政策的取向、力度和重点。

When the impact of the global financial crisis was at its worst, we resolutely implemented a proactive fiscal policy and a moderately easy monetary policy, employed a full range of financial policy tools, increased government spending and made structural tax reductions. We effectively employed monetary policy instruments such as adjusting required reserve ratios and interest rates to maintain proper growth in the money and credit supply. 在国际金融危机冲击最严重时，果断实施积极的财政政策和适度宽松的货币政策，综合运用 多种财政政策工具，增加政府支出，实行结构性减税；有效运用存款准备金率、利率等货币 政策工具，保持货币信贷合理增长。

In response to changing macroeconomic trends, we promptly adjusted the intensity of policy implementation, reduced the force of stimulus policies at an appropriate time, and implemented a proactive fiscal policy and a prudent monetary policy.

根据宏观经济走势的变化，我们及时调整政策力度，适时退出刺激政策，实施积极的财政政 策和稳健的货币政策。

We took a holistic and balanced approach in employing fiscal policy. As a result, the government

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