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in flats, especially in big towns and cities. Houses in different parts of Britain can look very different. There are lots of regional variations, because builders use local materials. There are also differences in age. Some houses are very modern and some are hundreds of years old. These are traditional thatched cottages. Thatch is made from reeds and is used for the roof. Cottage is the name for a small house in the country. The famous traditional saying is \home is his castle.\is called DIY, which means do-it-yourself. There are large DIY stores and garden centers near every town. British people are always trying to make their home into a castle.

英国人住在哪里？他们住在房子或公寓吗？他们住在城镇还是农村？好的，90的人口居住在城镇。有许多不同种类的房子ES。这是你在英国城镇找到的那种房子。露台的房子连在一起，有时在一长排，但一些梯田只有几栋房子。这些都是半独立的房子而已两院联合起来。有许多的半独立式住宅在英国作为露台的房子。六十以上的人口居住在梯田或半独立式住宅。这些都是分离的houses-t这里没有任何其他的房子加入到他们。一些独立的房子是非常大的，但其他的可以是相当小的。许多人居住在公寓，特别是在大城市和城市。在不同的房子英国的部分地区看起来有很大的不同。有很多地域性的变化，因为建筑商使用当地的材料。年龄也有不同。有些房子很现代，有些则是匈奴人百年。这些都是传统的茅草屋。屋顶是由芦苇和用于屋顶。乡村小屋是一个小房子的名字。著名的传统说法是英国人的家就是他的城堡，英国人在家和花园里花了很多时间和金钱。这就是所谓的DIY，就是自己动手。有大量的DIY商店和花园中心在每个城市。英国人总是试图使他们的家变成一座城堡。

Listening in 1

A woman who spent nine months living in her car has had a book accepted by major publisher HarperCollins. The book, an autobiography, is due to be published next spring.

The woman, Anya Peters, first came to the attention of the public through a bolg in which she kept a diary of her experience of homelessness. Peters, a law graduate in her early 30s, became homeless after a series of difficult events. Unable to pay the rent, she started living in her car, spending time in institutions such as libraries and hospitals during the day and sleeping in her car at night. Unusually, she did not seek help from charities or hospitals for the homeless. However, her online diary of her experiences, written at public libraries, soon found readers and came to the attention of one of the largest literary agencies. She was encouraged to turn her experiences and blog into a book, which immediately found a publisher. The advance from the book has enabled Peter to move out of her car into rented accommodation.

Anya Peters' story has drawn attention to the problems of homeless people in Britain. There are now more than 100,000 families living in temporary accommodation such as

hostels. The government recently announced plans to halve the number of these families in the

next four years.

These figures do not include rough sleepers, people who for various reasons such as domestic violence, family breakdown or unemployment have no money and nowhere to go so find themselves sleeping on the streets. Last year the number of people sleeping rough in England counted on anyone night was 483, with the highest numbers in London. It is estimated that the number of rough sleepers has fallen by nearly three-quarters in the last ten years.

While there is a constant movement of people onto the streets, most are helped off the streets into some form of accommodation. Charities play a particularly important part in finding accommodation for rough sleepers, the majority of whom are male, with UK nationality, and aged between 26 and 45. Approximately 40-50 per cent have or have had drug or alcohol problems and about the same percentage have been in prison. These figures do not include the \family or friends.

一个女人花了九个月的生活在她的车已经有了一个主要的出版商HarperCollins接受书。这本书，一本自传，是由于出版明年春天。

女人，安雅彼得斯，第一次来到公众的关注在博客中她写日记她无家可归的经验。彼得斯，一个30出头的法学研究生，成为无家可归者经过一系列艰难的事件。她不能付房租，她就开始生活在她的车里，在白天和医院等图书馆和医院里度过了一天，晚上在车上睡觉。不寻常的，她没有寻求帮助的慈善机构或医院为无家可归者。然而，她的网上日记，她在公共图书馆的经历，很快就找到了读者，并引起了关注一个最大的文学机构。她被鼓励把她的经验和博客变成一本书，立刻找到一个出版商。这本书的预付款使皮特搬出去了她的车到租来的住宿。

安雅彼得斯的故事已经注意到在英国无家可归的人的问题。现在有超过100000个家庭居住在临时住宿，如宿舍。政府最近Y宣布计划将在未来四年内，这些家庭的数量。

这些数字不包括粗糙的睡眠者，由于各种原因，如家庭暴力，家庭破裂或失业的人没有钱，没有地方去，所以找到自己睡不到他的街道。去年在英国，人们在英国的睡眠数量是483，在伦敦的人数最多的是伦敦。据估计，粗睡者的数量已经下降了近四分之三在过去十年里。虽然有一个不断移动的人走上街头，大多数是在街道上的帮助下，进入某种形式的住宿。慈善事业发挥特殊在寻找露宿者住宿是重要的组成部分，其中绝大多数是男性，英国国籍，年龄26和45之间。约40%至50%的有或有药物或酒精问题和大约相同的比例一直在监狱。这些数字不包括“隐藏的无家可归者”，无家可归的人，但找到一个临时解决办法，留在家里R的朋友。

Listening in 2

Presenter: In Britain, as in many other western countries, in the last ten years there's been a big

rise in the so-called \boomerang\ in their 20s living with their parents. There are good reasons for this-jobs are much harder to find these days, students have increased education fees to pay back and rents are

sky-high. But another big change is that the estimated seven million British \kidults\, as they've been dubbed, don't seem to mind moving back with their parents after flat sharing or university. They get on well with them, mum dose the cooking, puts the clothes in the machine. It's all quite pleasant and easy! We talked to two young adults who've been in this situation.

Man: I'm 28. I went to university at 18 and only came back for the holidays. But I wanted to be a

scriptwriter so after I got my degree, I moved in with my parents and worked part-time at

a cinema. It was great, it gave me a lot more time to write than if I had a full-time job and I have to admit, I didn't mind living at home. My mum cooked, I saw my friends, it was fine. And it paid off, because TV director saw one of my scripts and gave me scriptwriting work. So I was able to move out-I was, um, something like 25, and got a flat with my girlfriend. It wasn't much fun-we needed our own place. Fortunately, I got more work-and we moved out again, maybe six months ago. I'm hoping I don't have to go back home again.

Woman: I didn't leave home till I was 25-I just couldn't afford it. I left school at 16, got a job

working in a supermarket. The pay was terrible so I had no choice, I had to live at home. My parents and I argued a bit-I was a teenager and all that-but basically it was cool, I helped with the housework, that kind of stuff. Then when I was 18, I got a job in a department store and they said they'd train me up to be a manager-so that was kind of hopeful. But the pay was low so I stayed at home, and paid my parents a bit of rent, which they were glad of. Then when I was 26 they made me a department manager and the pay was much better, and I was able to move out and share a flat. And now I'm

saving for a mortgage. I'm also ready to move on and live in my own place.

主持人：在英国，像在其他许多西方国家，在过去的十年里已经大幅上涨，在所谓的“啃老

族”一代的年轻男人和女人在20生活与P父母。这个工作有很好的理由很难找到这几天，学生们已经增加了教育的费用，以偿还和租金是天空高。但另一个大的变化是，估计七百万英国的“童心”，他们被称为，似乎不介意搬回去与父母分享或大学后平。他们和他们相处得很好，妈妈给了做饭，把在机器上的衣服。这是非常愉快和容易！我们谈到了在这种情况下的2个年轻的成年人。

男：我是28。我18岁上了大学，才回来度假。但我想，在我得到我的学位是一个编剧，我

搬到我父母打工，在电影院。它很好，这给了我更多的时间来写，如果我有一个全职工作，我不得不承认，我不介意生活在家里。我的妈妈做了，我看到我的朋友，它是好的。它的回报，因为电视导演看了我的一个剧本和编剧的工作交给我。所以我可以向你，嗯，像25的东西，就跟我的女朋友一个平。我们需要我们自己的地方是没有多少乐趣。幸运的是，我得到了更多的工作，我们又搬出去了，也许六个月前。我希望我不用再回家了。

女：我没有离开家，直到我25-i买不起。我16岁离开学校，在一家超市工作。这是很糟糕

的，所以我没有选择，只好住在家里。我的父母我认为bit-i是一个十几岁的少年，但基本上它很酷，我帮助做家务，这一类的东西。当我18岁的时候，我在一个百货公司找到了一份工作，他们说他们会培养我成为一个经理，这样有希望的。但我的工资很低，所以我就呆在家里，付了父母一点租金，他们很高兴。然后，当我26岁的时候，他们给我做了一个部门新台币的经理和报酬好多了，我能搬出去，并能有一个公寓。现在我正在为一个抵押贷款。我也准备继续前进，生活在我自己的地方。

Unit 8

Outside view

Chicago is the third largest American city after New York and Los Angeles. It's hard to believe that in 1871, a great fire destroyed the whole of Chicago's downtown. The only building to survive the great fire was the Stone Water Tower. The best architects in the world arrived to rebuild the city. Many of them were young and prepared to try new ideas. They used a tall steel frame and curtains of glass to make a different type of building-- the skyscraper. In just 15 years, a new Chicago was born. The centre of the city is now called the Loop, and it takes its name from the elevated track that circled. The buildings contained inside the Loop are a textbook of American architecture. Everyone call Chicago the \City\. Why? It's not because the weather. It's because the politicians of Chicago talk so much about their city. In fact, all the people of Chicago enjoy talking about their city. They like to tell you about Sears Tower, 110 stories of office space. That's a world record. It's so tall it takes 70 seconds to ride the elevator to the top. Beautiful modern sculptures by Picasso and others, help to make Chicago a centre of art. Then there's O'hare International Airport. With 840 flights every day, it's the busiest airport in the world. The people of Chicago are very proud of their beautiful lake shoreline, 29 miles of park land along Lake Michigan. And they don't let you forget that Chicago is the home of the Blues. Musicians like Muddy Waters made Blues popular, and even influenced the Rolling Stones. Chicago is home to the Bulls basketball team and the Cubs baseball team. The city certainly has a wonderful history. Chicago, a city where everyone works hard to be a part of the winning team.

芝加哥是仅次于纽约和洛杉矶的第三大美国城市。很难相信，在1871，大火摧毁了整个芝加哥的市中心。唯一的建筑，以生存的克伟大的火石水塔。世界上最好的建筑师来重建城市。他们中的许多人都很年轻，准备尝试新的想法。他们用了一个高钢框架和窗帘小姑娘把不同类型的建筑——摩天大楼。在短短的15年里，一个新的芝加哥诞生了。这个城市的中心现在被称为循环，它将它的名字从高架轨道上盘旋。循环内的建筑物是美国建筑的教科书。每个人都称芝加哥为“风之城”。为什么？这不是因为天气。这是因为政治的政客货物的谈论他们的城市太多。事实上，所有芝加哥人喜欢谈论他们的城市。他们喜欢告诉你关于西亚士大厦，110层办公空间的故事。这是一个世界记录。它的如此高的需要70秒乘电梯到顶部。美丽的现代雕塑毕加索和其他人，使

芝加哥艺术中心。然后奥黑尔国际机场。8每天40次航班，这是世界上最繁忙的机场。芝加哥人民非常自豪他们美丽的湖海岸线，29英里的密歇根湖沿线的。他们不让你或芝加哥是蓝军的家。音乐家喜欢混浊的水使蓝调流行，甚至影响了滚动的石头。芝加哥是公牛队篮球队和棒球队的主场团队。这座城市有一个美妙的历史。芝加哥，一个城市，每个人都很难成为一个团队的一部分。

Listening in

I'm Standing in the Arrivals Hall of Terminal 3, Beijing Capital Airport's newest terminal which became operational in March 2008. The terminal, which has a third runway and a rail link to the city centre, is the second largest in the world. Designed by the famous British architect Norman Foster, it extends almost three kilometers but took only three and a half years to build. The terminal has been designed to look and feel Chinese. The building, a mixture of glass and steel, uses the traditional Chinese colors of red and gold. Columns(柱体) inside are red and the roof is a dull gold. From the air it is said to resemble a flying dragon.

The building has the largest technology. To save energy, the roof allows in the maximum amount of light and heat, and the advanced baggage system can handle up to 19,000 pieces of luggage per hour.

The terminal is only one of a number of new buildings that have made Beijing a leading example of 21st century architectural design. Another design success is the capital's new National Centre for the Performing Arts, which opened in late December 2007.

The centre, which has created huge interest all over the world, is based at West Changan Avenue, just west of the Great Hall of the People and Tian'anmen Square. Designed by French architect Paul Andreu, it took six years to complete. The building is in the shape of a dome made of titanium(钛) and glass, and changes color depending on the amount of sunlight it receives. A manmade lake surrounds it and to enter the building you walk through an 80-metre-long underwater corridor with a glass ceiling.

The inside of the centre is as light as the outside. A glass curtain that goes from the floor to the ceiling reflects sunlight during the day and the city lights at night. The floor is made in ten different colours of marble which came from all over China.