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摘 要

数控机床进给传动系统是数控机床的重要的组成部分，本次设计的数控机床进给传动系统主要由升降台传动系统、床鞍传动系统、工作台传动系统部分三部分组成。升降台运动由伺服电机驱动，电机置于升降台内，电机通过一对圆弧齿形皮带轮及皮带传递动力。床鞍运动由伺服电机通过一对圆弧齿形皮带轮、皮带、一对消隙齿轮和滚珠丝杠副降速传动；工作台运动由伺服电机通过两个圆弧齿形皮带轮，和圆弧齿形皮带降速传动。

在本次设计的进给传动系统中，伺服电机通过同步齿形皮带和滚珠丝杠相联，编码器将工作台的实际位移信号传递给控制系统，属于开环控制。数控机床的进给传动系统是通过伺服进给系统来控制工作。伺服进给系统的作用是根据数控系统传来的指令信息，进行放大以后控制执行部件的运动，不仅控制进给运动的速度，同时还要精确控制刀具相对于工件的移动位置和轨迹。

关键词：进给系统，伺服系统，齿形皮带轮，滚珠丝杠，伺服电机

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ABSTRACT

CNC machine tool for CNC machine drive system is an important component of the design of the NC machine tool to the main transmission system from the transmission lifts, saddle-drive system, Stage three of transmission components. Movement by lifting platform servo motor, motor placed lifts, Electrical arc through a tooth belt and pulley transmission power. - On the campaign servo motor through a pair of circular tooth pulleys, belts, one pair of anti-backlash gear and ball screw deceleration drive; worktable campaign by servo motor through two circular tooth pulleys and belts velocity profile circular drive.

In the current design of the feed drive system, servo motor through the synchronous belt and ball screw associates, Encoder will table the actual displacement signal transmitted to the control system is open-loop control. NC Machine Tool Feed transmission is through feed servo control system to work. Servo system of up to the role of the NC system came under the command of information, Click for control of the implementation of parts after the campaign, not only controlling the feed of the speed, while precision control tool in relation to the movement of the workpiece location and trajectory.

Key words : feed system, servo system, Profile Pulley, Ball Screws, Servo motor

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目 录

中文摘要...............................................................................................................................Ⅰ 英文摘要...............................................................................................................................Ⅱ 第一章 绪论 ··································································································································· 1

1.1引言 ···································································································································· 1 1.2数控机床进给传动系统简要叙述 ·································································································· 2 1.2.1升降台传动系统 ······················································································································ 2 1.2.2床鞍传动系统 ·························································································································· 3 1.2.3工作台传动系统 ······················································································································ 3 1.3 FXK5045机床的用途及性能 ········································································································· 3 1.4 数控机床对进给传动系统的要求 ·································································································· 5 1.5 数控机床进给系统总体设计方案 ·································································································· 7 1.6本章小结 ········································································································································ 8

第二章 伺服电动机 ···················································································································· 9

2.1伺服系统 ········································································································································ 9 2.1.1对伺服系统的基本要求 ·········································································································· 9 2.1.2伺服系统的分类 ···················································································································· 10 2.2伺服电动机的分类 ······················································································································· 11 2.2.1直流伺服电机 ························································································································ 11 2.2.2交流伺服电机 ························································································································ 11 2.2.3直线电机 ······························································································································· 12 2.2.4步进电机 ······························································································································· 12 2.3电动机的选择与计算 ··················································································································· 14 2.3.1脉冲当量的选择 ···················································································································· 14 2.3.2电机的最高转速 ···················································································································· 15 2.3.3 等效负载转矩的计算 ··········································································································· 15 2.3.4初选步进电动机型号 ············································································································ 16 2.3.5电动机选型验算 ···················································································································· 17 2.4本章小结 ······································································································································ 18

第三章 同步齿形皮带轮传动 ···································································································· 19

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