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2020高考英语新课标地区大二轮阅读理解名师点津文章或段落大意

题

(2019·6月浙江，C)

California has lost half its big trees since the 1930s，according to a study to be published Tuesday and climate change seems to be a major factor(因素)．

The number of trees larger than two feet across has declined by 50 percent on more than 46,000 square miles of California forests，the new study finds.No area was spared or unaffected，from the foggy northern coast to the Sierra Nevada Mountains to the San Gabriels above Los Angeles.In the Sierra high country，the number of big trees has fallen by more than 55 percent；in parts of southern California the decline was nearly 75 percent.

Many factors contributed to the decline，said Patrick McIntyre，an ecologist who was the lead author of the study.Woodcutters targeted big trees.Housing development pushed into the woods.Aggressive wildfire control has left California forests crowded with small trees that compete with big trees for resources(资源)．

But in comparing a study of California forests done in the 1920s and 1930s with another one between 2001 and 2010，McIntyre and his colleagues documented a widespread death of big trees that was evident even in wildlands protected from woodcutting or development.

The loss of big trees was greatest in areas where trees had suffered the greatest water shortage.The researchers figured out water stress with a computer model that calculated how much water trees were getting in comparison with how much they needed，taking into account such things as rainfall，air temperature，dampness of soil，and the timing of snowmelt(融雪)．

Since the 1930s，McIntyre said，the biggest factors driving up water stress in the

state have been rising temperatures，which cause trees to lose more water to the air，and earlier snowmelt，which reduces the water supply available to trees during the dry season.

语篇解读 文章主要讲述了美国加利福尼亚州的森林中大树急剧减少的现象，并分析了其原因。 27．What is the second paragraph mainly about? A．The seriousness of big-tree loss in California. B．The increasing variety of California big trees. C．The distribution of big trees in California forests. D．The influence of farming on big trees in California. 答案 A

解析 段落大意题。根据第二段中“The number of trees...declined by 50 percent...more than 55 percent...75 percent”提到的数字可知，该段主要描述了加州森林中大树急剧减少的严重性，故选A项。

28．Which of the following is well-intentioned but may be bad for big trees? A．Ecological studies of forests. B．Banning woodcutting. C．Limiting housing development. D．Fire control measures. 答案 D

解析 推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Aggressive wildfire control...compete with big trees for resources(资源)．”可知，声势浩大的森林防火措施虽然一定程度上保护了森林，但同时也导致小树泛滥，与大树争抢资源，从而导致大树数量减

少，故选D项。

29．What is a major cause of the water shortage according to McIntyre? A．Inadequate snowmelt. B．A longer dry season. C．A warmer climate. D．Dampness of the air. 答案 C

解析 细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Since the 1930s，McIntyre said...have been rising temperatures...reduces the water supply”可知，McIntyre认为水资源短缺的主要原因是逐渐上升的气温，故选C项。 30．What can be a suitable title for the text?

A．California’s Forests：Where Have All the Big Trees Gone? B．Cutting of Big Trees to Be Prohibited in California Soon C．Why Are the Big Trees Important to California Forests? D．Patrick McIntyre: Grow More Big Trees in California 答案 A

解析 标题归纳题。根据全文可知，文章主要讲述了美国加州森林中大树数量急剧下降的现象，并分析了其原因。因此A项能很好地概括全文。

一、题型解读