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2019高三英语二轮复习 板块一 语法与高考 专题一 基础语法应用

2 名词和冠词

Ⅰ.语法填空

1．(2017·全国卷Ⅱ)It ran for just under seven kilometers and allowed people to avoid terrible ________ (crowd) on the roads above as they travelled to and from work.

[解析] crowd为可数名词，并且其前没有限定词，所以此处应用其复数形式crowds。 [答案] crowds

2．(2017·浙江卷)Last October，while tending her garden in Mora，Sweden，Lena Pahlsson pulled out a handful of small ________(carrot) and was about to throw them away.

[解析] 空格前的a handful of(几个，一把)和下文的复数代词them均提示此空应填入名词的复数形式carrots。

[答案] carrots

3．(2018·湖北武汉模拟)A good ________(choose) is to take the deserving person to dinner.

[解析] 空格处作主语，且空格前有不定冠词，故此处应用名词形式。 [答案] choice

4．It was really beyond our ________(expect)，so we were taken aback(吃惊)． [解析] 根据介词beyond和形容词性物主代词our确定用名词，expect变名词应加上后缀-ation。

[答案] expectation(s)

5．On my way to my ________(uncle)，I found a pair of leather shoes lying on the roadside.

[解析] 根据语境可知，此处表示在去“叔叔家”的路上，此处uncle's相当于uncle's house。

[答案] uncle's

6．(2017·全国卷Ⅰ)As ________ result，people will eat more food to try to make up for that something missing.

[解析] 句意：结果，人们将吃更多的食物去尽力弥补损失的东西。固定短语as a

result表示“结果”，故填a。冠词在固定结构中的应用是高考考查的重点，考生在平时的学习中要注意准确积累。

[答案] a

7．—How nice ________ jacket is!

—Thank you.I bought it on ________ Internet.

[解析] 第一空特指对话的双方都知道的那件夹克衫，第二空是固定短语on the Internet“在互联网上”，都用定冠词。

[答案] the；the

8．I didn't know why he was at home instead of Mom，but I considered myself very lucky because I was ________ only one who had Dad around in my class.

[解析] 此处的only是形容词，表示“唯一的”，应与定冠词连用，所以用定冠词the。 [答案] the

9．In his opinion，he is ________ failure in the society.

[解析] 此处为a pailure，意为“失败的人”。句意：以他的观点看来，在社会上，他是一个失败的人。

[答案] a

10．My new neighbor，whom I introduced to you ________ other day，had ________ heart attack last night.

[解析] 短语the other day的意思是“那天，不久前的一天”；have后跟不定冠词和表示疾病的名词，表示“患某种病”，heart attack的意思是“心脏病发作”。句意：那天我介绍你认识的我的那位新邻居昨晚心脏病发作了。

[答案] the；a Ⅱ.单句改错

1．(2017·全国卷Ⅲ)I enjoyed studying difference kinds of cars and planes，playing pop music，and collecting the latest music albums. ____________

[解析] 修饰名词kinds应用形容词，different kinds of..表示“各种各样的……”。 [答案] difference→different

2．There we usually see English movie，learn to sing English songs and debate on hot topics. ____________

[解析] 句意：在那儿我们经常观看英文电影，学唱英文歌，并就热门的话题进行辩论。movie为可数名词，此处泛指英文电影，应用名词的复数形式。

[答案] movie→movies

3．(2013·江苏卷)He has ruined his healthy，which is the most important to his life. ____________

[解析] 句意：他已经毁了对他的生活最重要的健康。分析句子结构可知，此处作ruined的宾语，且前有形容词性物主代词his修饰，故用名词health。

[答案] healthy→health

4．(2013·大纲卷)He says if I decide to do something，it takes him much times to stop me. ____________

[解析] 句意：他说如果我决定做什么事情，要阻止我他要花费很长时间。time在本句中表示时间，为不可数名词。另外much修饰不可数名词，也是提示。

[答案] times→time

5．She seemed to know when I was asking for advices and when I just needed a good cry. ____________

[解析] 句意：她好像知道我什么时候在寻求建议，什么时候仅仅需要好好地哭一场。advice为不可数名词。

[答案] advices→advice

6．(2014·陕西卷)That day I didn't learn much about animals，insects or trees，but I learnt a impressive lesson about gravity! ____________

[解析] 此处修饰lesson，表示人或事物的某一类，又因为impressive的发音是以元音音素开头的，所以应该用an。

[答案] a→an

7．(2015·全国卷Ⅱ)Tony saw a toy in a shop window.A woman saw him crying and told him to wait outside a shop. ____________

[解析] 此处shop是第二次出现，故应把shop前的a改为the。 [答案] 第二个shop前的a→the

8．(2015·全国卷Ⅰ)Now I am living in a city，but I miss my home in countryside. ____________

[解析] 句意：现在我住在城市里，但是我怀念乡村的家。in the countryside为固定词组，意为“在乡下”。

[答案] countryside前加the

9．(2015·浙江卷改编)On the right side of the class was the road.I was always interested to see the drivers in hurry in the morning. ____________

[解析] 句意：教室的右边是一条马路。我经常兴致勃勃地看司机们早上匆匆忙忙的样子。in a hurry意为“匆忙”，为固定搭配。

[答案] hurry前加a

10．I can still remember I was once asked to make speech before the whole class at the age of 9. ____________