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2018-2019学年宜川中学高三英语第一学期9月月考试卷

I. Listening Comprehension (略) II. Grammar and Vocabulary (10分)

Section A

Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.

Nasa is hiring someone who can defend Earth from alien contamination(污染).

The full-time role of “planetary protection officer” will involve (21)_____ (ensure) that humans in space do not contaminate planets and moons, as well as ensuring that alien matter does not infect Earth

The job post (22)_____ (read): “Planetary protection is concerned with the avoidance of organic-constituent and biological contamination in human and robotic space exploration.”

The three-year position-with a chance to extend it to five years-(23)_____(create) after the US signed the Outer Space Treaty of 1967.

There is only one other full-time role (24)_____ it in the world at the European Space Agency, says Catharine Conley, Nasa’s only planetary protection officer since 2014 (according to Business Insider). She is relocating to the agency’s Office of Safety and Mission Assurance.

Under the international 1967 treaty, she explained that any space mission must have less than a one in 10,000 chance of contaminating an alien world. A mission can be regarded as successful one (25)_____ _____ _____ no harm to the alien world is caused.

“It’s a moderate level,” Ms Conley said. “What you can expect is not (26)_____ extremely difficult, but it’s not extremely easy either.”

Similarly, the new employee would work to protect Earth from potential contamination by planets like Mars, (27)_____ scientists say may have once been covered in water and supported life-and there(28)_____ be chance of life there now.

The new hire will likely be part of the upcoming Nasa expedition to Europa, a moon of Jupiter. The $2.7bn (just over ￡2bn) Europa Clipper mission, approved by Congress, plans (29)_____(map) the moon’s surface and analyze (30)_____ it could be habitable. The probe could crash land, however, which is a circumstance the planetary protection officer should prepare for.

Required to travel frequently, the candidate will have to handle a significant amount of emails, proposals and other reading. 【答案】

21. ensuring 22. reads 23. was created

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24. like 25. as long as 26.something

27. which 28. may 29. to map 30. whether

【解析】

21. 考查短语，involve doing sth.

22. 表示报刊上写着，一般用一般现在时。 23. 考察被动语态，强调该三年的工作被创立。 24. 考察介词，像......一样。 25. 考察词组， as long as 只要。

26. 做is的表语，且后面的extremely difficult 用来限定修饰，所以只能选不定代词，句义为肯定，所以选择something。

27. 定语从句，做say宾语。

28. 表示微弱的推测，所以选择may。 29. 考察词组搭配，plan to do 30.表示推测，所以填whether。

Section B (10分)

Directions: Complete the passage with the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.

A. economical B. favored C. feasible D. genuinely E. generously F. involved G. similar H. stored I. technologies J. uses K. wonders

Big data could soon be stored in a very small package: DNA. A team of scientists has demonstrated that storing information in a synthetic DNA could represent a(n) (31)_____ approach to managing data in the long term, bumping aside the magnetic tape (32)_____ by archivists （档案管理员）today.

The approach, published online January 23 in Nature, relies on (33)_____ likely to become faster and cheaper, says biologist and engineer Drew Endy of Standford University, who was not (34)_____ in the work.

Unlike record players, which are good only for playing music encoded on now-out-of-date cinyl discs (塑料唱片)，machines that make and read DNA find (35)_____ throughout science and always will. “Human beings are

never going to stop caring about DNA,” says Endy, DNA is also tiny, lightweight, and can potentially remain undamaged for thousands of years if (36)_____ in a dark, cool environment.

This new report comes on the heels of (37)_____ research published last August in Science. The new research projects that, if the costs of making DNA continue to drop, the approach might be (38)_____ for long-term storage in as little as 10 years. “It’s (39)_____ exciting,” Endy says.

In the next decade, the approach could store information that needs o last for at least 50years, such as government records or library texts. And who knows where it will go, (40)_____ Goldman. Perhaps, he says , “When the cloud sucks things off your computer, it will be to sore it as DNA.”

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【答案】31-35 CBIFJ 36-40 HGADK 【解析】

31. 考察形容词，指行得通的途径，所以选择 C。

32. 形容词做后置定语，指今天受到档案管理员的喜欢，所以选择B。 33. 后文提到更快更便宜，所以应该填依赖科技,technologies。 34. 指不被包括，所以选择involved. 35. 指找到用途，所以选择uses

36. 指储存在黑暗处，所以应该选择stored, H。 37. 指相似的研究，所以选择 similar。

38. 指这种方法长期来看是经济的， 所以选择similar. 39. 指是真的令人兴奋的是，所以选择genuinely。 40. 指的是对后面的推测，所以选择wondering.

III. Reading Comprehension (45 分） Section A

Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word of phrase that best fits the context.

People volunteer for a wide variety of reasons, especially wanting to help others. But it's also OK to want some (41)___________ for yourself from volunteering.

Some people are (42)_________ with the notion that a volunteer \is a long tradition of seeing volunteering as a form of charity, based on altruism and (43)_________. The best volunteering does involve the desire to (44)_________, but this does not exclude other motivations, as well. Instead of considering volunteering as something you do for people who are not as fortunate as yourself, begin to think of it as an (45)_________.

Consider that most people find themselves in (46)_________ at some point in their lives. So today you may be the person with the (47)_________to help, but tomorrow you may be the recipient of someone else's volunteer effort. Even now you might be on both sides of the service (48)_________: maybe you are a tutor for someone who can't read, while last month the volunteer ambulance corps (49)_________ you to the emergency room. Volunteering also includes \(50)_________.\So if you are involved in your (51)_________ crime watch, your home is protected while you protect your neighbors' homes, too. (52)_________your effort to the work of others makes everyone's lives better.

You will probably have some special reasons of your own. Remember that the (53)_________you have to select the place to offer your services may not be the reasons why you stay. Once you're on the volunteer job, you will (54)_________to serve as long as you feel that your efforts are accomplishing something, that your talents are appreciated, and that you make a (55)_________. And if you also like the people with whom you work, so much

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