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Section Ⅱ Warming Up & Reading-Language Points

一、这样记单词

记得准·写得对 Ⅰ.基础词汇 1.kingdom n．王国 2.consist vi. 组成；在于；一致 3.province n. 省；行政区 4.clarify vt. 澄清；阐明 5.conflict n. 矛盾；冲突 6.credit n. 信任；学分；赞扬；信贷 7.nationwide adj. 全国性的；全国范围的 8.architecture n. 建筑学；建筑艺术 9.port n. 港口(城市) 10.countryside n. 乡下；农村 Ⅱ.拓展词汇 联盟；结合；协会 2.accomplish vt.完成；达到；实现→accomplishment n．成就；成绩 3.unwilling adj.不愿意(的)；不乐意(的)→willing (反义词) adj.愿意(的)；乐意(的) 记得快·记得多 1.kingdom n．王国 [记法] king＋后缀-dom [联想] freedom n．自由；wisdom n．智慧 2.province n．省；行政区 [联想] state 州(美国)；county郡(英国)；县 3.clear (adj.) ＋ -fy→clarify vt.澄清；阐明 [记法] -fy为动词后缀，意为：使…… [联想] classify vt.分类；simplify vt.简化；terrify vt.使人感到恐怖 [联想] worldwide adj.遍及全球的；世界范围的 5.port n．港口(城市) [联想] 以-port结尾的动词一览 ①trans-(改变)＋port→transport v．运输 ③ex-(向外)＋port→export v．出口 6.rough (adj.)＋-ly→roughly adv.粗略地 1.unite vi.&vt.联合；团结→union n．联合；4.nationwide adj.全国性的；全国范围的 4.convenience n．便利；方便→convenient ②im-(向内)＋port→import v．进口 adj.方便的→conveniently adv.方便地 5.rough adj.粗糙的；粗暴的→roughly adv.粗略地；粗糙地 6.attract vt.吸引；引起注意→attraction [联想] 以-ly结尾的副词小结 n．吸引；有吸引力的事物→attractive adj.①accurately adv.准确地 ②generally 有吸引力的；诱人的 adv.一般地 要地 7.否定前缀un-＋willing 7.collection n．收藏品；珍藏；收集→collect ③totally adv.完全地 ④largely adv.主vt.收集 8.enjoyable adj.令人愉快的；使人高兴的令人愉快的事 →enjoy vt.欣赏；享有→enjoyment n．愉快；(adj.)→unwilling adj.不乐意(的) [联想] un-否定前缀形容词集锦 ①unbelievable 不可思议的；难以置信的 ②uncertain 不确定的 ③uncomfortable 不舒服的 ④unable 不能的；不能胜任的 ⑤unfair 不公平的；不公正的 ⑥unfit 不合适的；不相宜的 ⑦unhappy 不高兴的；伤心的 二、这样记短语 记牢固定短语 1.consist_of 由……组成 2．divide_..._into 把……分成 3．refer_to 提到；说起 4．as_well 也；还 5．break_away_(from) 挣脱(束缚)；脱离 6．to_one’s_credit 为……带来荣誉；值得赞扬； 在……名下 7．for_convenience 为方便起见 8．leave_out 省去；遗漏；不考虑 到…… 2． be changed to 被改变为…… 3． in the early twentieth century 在20世纪初 4． in the same peaceful way 用同样和平的方式 5． in some areas 在某些领域 6． settle in 聚居在……；定居在…… 7． historical architecture 历史性建筑 8． find evidence of all these invaders 发现所有这些入侵者的证据 三、这样记句式

先背熟 1.Now when people refer to England you find Wales included as well. 如今只要有人提起英格兰，你就会发现威尔士也是被包括在内的。 2.To their credit the four countries do work together in some areas ... 值得赞扬的是，这四个国家的确在某些领域共同合作…… 3.It is a pity that the industrial cities built in the nineteenth century do It is a pity that ...“令not attract visitors. 可惜的是这些建于19世纪的工业城市对游客并没有吸引人遗憾的是……”。 It_is_a_pity_that I missed seeing you yesterday. 很遗憾，我昨天没能见到你。 谓语动词前面加助动词do/does/did，表示强调。 find＋宾语＋宾语补足语。 再悟通 后仿用 We turned around and found_a_girl_struggling in the lake, crying for help. 我们转过身，发现一个小女孩在湖中挣扎，大声呼救。 They each do_have_different_hobbies,_but they cooperate well. 他们每个人确实有不同的爱好，但他们合作得很好。 多积常用词块 1. be linked to 被连接力。 4.You must keep your eyes open if you are going to make your trip to the United Kingdom enjoyable and worthwhile. 要使你的英国之行愉快且值得，你就必须留心观察。 keep/make＋宾语＋宾语补足语(形容词)。 Keeping_the_environment_clean and free of pollution is the key step to make_life_healthy. 保持环境清洁无污染是让人们生活健康的关键一步。

1．(教材P9)How many countries does the UK consist of? 英国是由几个部分(国家)组成的？ consist of由……组成

①Listening is thus an active, not a passive, behavior consisting of hearing, understanding and remembering.

(2015·浙江高考单选)

因此，听力是一种积极主动的，而不是消极被动的行为，它包括听、理解和记忆。 [名师点津] consist of没有被动语态，相当于be made up of 或be composed of，且不用于进行时。

②Life consists of not only sunshine but also hard times. →Life is made up of not only sunshine but also hard times. →Life is composed of not only sunshine but also hard times. 生活中不仅仅有阳光，还有艰难的日子。

consist in 在于；存在于；以……为主 consist with 与……一致；相符

③Life mainly consists of happiness and sorrow while happiness and sorrow consist in struggle. Remember that your ideal life does not always consist with the reality.

生活主要是由快乐和悲伤组成的，而快乐和悲伤存在于拼搏之中。记住，理想的生活并不总是和现实相一致。

2．(教材P9)England can be divided into three main areas. 英格兰被分为三个主要的区域。 divide ... into把……分成

①Hannah’s Place is divided into several areas, providing shelter for people

when it is so cold that sleeping outdoors can mean death.

(2017·北京高考)

Hannah’s Place被分成几个区域，为那些在严寒天气中睡在外面的要冻死的人提供躲避的地方。

divide sth. between/among ... 在……之间分配某物；由……分享某物 divide sth. in half/into halves 把……分成两半 divide A by B 用B除A ②As the work can be divided among/between several people, it can be done efficiently.

因为工作可以由几个人共同分担，所以可以做得很有效率。

③He divided the apple into halves and shared them with his partner. 他把苹果分成了两半，与他的同伴分享了。 [辨析比较] divide, separate

指把一个整体分成几部分，也含有自然划分的意思，常与介词into搭配 指把原来连在一起或混在一起的东西人为地分开，也可用作不及物动词，意为“分(离)开；脱离；分手”。常

④The teacher had divided the whole class into four groups to discuss the topic. After the discussion, he separated the most valuable ideas from the common ones.

老师把全班同学分成四组来讨论这个话题。讨论过后，他把最有价值的想法从比较平常的想法分出来。

3．(教材P9)You can clarify this question if you study British history. 如果你学习英国历史，你就可以弄清楚这个问题。 clarify vt.澄清；阐明

clarify one’s position 阐明某人的立场 clarify a problem/situation 澄清问题/情况 ①I’m determined that I’ll clarify my position at a proper time. 我决定将在合适的时候阐明我的立场。

与介词from连用 ②I hope that what I say will clarify_the_situation. 我希望我说的话能澄清这一情况。

4．(教材P10)Happily this was accomplished without conflict when King James of Scotland became King of England and Wales as well.

令人庆幸的是，当苏格兰的詹姆斯国王也成为英格兰和威尔士的国王时并未经过战争。 conflict n．矛盾；冲突 vt.冲突；抵触

(1)in conflict with 与……有冲突 come into conflict with 与……产生冲突 (2)conflict with 与……相冲突 ①The two countries have been in conflict with each other for decades. 这两个国家的冲突已有几十年了。

②He often comes into conflict with his classmates, which annoys his parents. 他经常和同学们发生冲突，这让他的父母很烦恼。

③It’s obvious that our interests conflict_with yours. 很明显我们的利益和你们的相冲突。

5．(教材P10)However, the southern part of Ireland was unwilling and broke away to form its own government.

然而，爱尔兰的南部不愿意(组建联合王国)，它分离出去并建立了自己的政府。 break away (from)挣脱(束缚)；脱离；与……断绝关系

①The boy was so angry that he broke away from his mother and ran away. 这个男孩如此生气以至于他挣脱开母亲跑开了。

break in break into break out break up 打断；插嘴说；闯入 闯入……；爆发 (战争)爆发；(火灾)突然发生 分解；解散；破裂 ②As the President’s car arrived, the crowd broke into loud applause. 总统的汽车到达时，群众中爆发出热烈的掌声。

③When the news came that the war broke out,_he decided to serve in the army. 当战争爆发的消息传来时，他决定到军队中服役。

6．(教材P10)To their credit the four countries do work together in some areas (eg, the currency and international relations), but they still have very different institutions.

值得赞扬的是，虽然这四个国家的确在某些领域共同合作(比如，在货币和国际关系上)，