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only +ad. eg: recently prep.短语 eg: in recently years 从句 eg: when clause

only一个词本身不倒装

3) as / though引导的让步从句必须将表语或状语提前 （形容词, 副词, 分词, 实义动词提前）。

as〔让步〕虽然，尽管〔词序倒装。语气比 though 强〕。 Successful as he is, he is not proud. 他虽成功，却不骄傲。 Women as she is, she's every brave.

Try hard as he will, he never seems able to do the work satisfactorily.

4) 其他部分倒装

so… that 句型中的so; such… that句型中的such位于句首时，需倒装。 So frightened was he that he did not dare to move an inch. 在某些表示祝愿的句型中：May you all be happy.

在虚拟语气条件句中从句谓语动词有were, had, should等词，可将if 省略，把 were, had, should 移到主语之前，采取部分倒装。Were I you, I would try it again.

七：复合句

从句虽然不能单独成句，但也有主语和谓语部分。从句由一个关联词引导。

从句可分为：

名词性从句 ? 主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句 形容词性从句 ? 定语从句 副词性从句 ? 状语从句

常见的同位语从句现行词（that之前的抽象名词）：

fact, idea, news, hope, conclusion, evidence, opinion, problem, thought, understanding…

定语从句：

被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词叫做“先行词”。引导定语从句的词叫“关系词”。关系词有两个作用：一、引导定语从句。 二、代替先行词在其引导的定语从句中充当一定的句子成分。

引导定从的关系词有关系代词that，which，who，whose，和关系副词when，where和why。

1. 修饰物时关联词多用that和which，通常可互换，但在下列情况下，只用that不用which：

先行词为all, everything, nothing等不定代词，代替物时，定语从句that用引导。 注：something后一般用which。

Is there anything that you want to explain?

In 1898 they declared that they believed there was something in nature which gave out radiation.

先行词前有形容词最高级、序数词或only, very, none, no, little, few, much等修饰时

This is the only reason that I can say. / This is the first step that can be taken. It is the best one that you may choose.

c. 先行词既指人又指物时。

My father and his teacher talked a lot about the things and the persons that they could remember .

d .不论人或物在定语从句中作表语时，用that引导定语从句，而that通常省掉。 He is no longer the man that he was.

e. 为了避免重复，例如：Which was the hotel that was on fire last night? 下列情况只用which

a. 只有which能引导非限制性定语从句

China, which was founded in 1949, is becoming more and more powerful b. 介词后只能用which This is the book for which you asked.

2. way后面的定语从句，引导定语从句有三种情况：

a.在比较正式的文体中用in which； b.一般情况下用that； c. in which和that省去。

a. I was struck by the beauty of the way in which she stood.

b. Lincoln asked the people to think of slavery in the way that these men did. c. That's the way I looked at it.

3.先行词是表示地点的名词时（country, school, room…），而关系词代替先行词在定语从句中充当地点状语，一般用where引导定语从句。也可以用介词＋which的结构。 which前介词的选择是根据先行词与介词的搭配关系而定。

The room where (=in which) he used to live has now been turned into a museum. The desk where (= ) I put my bag is his.

4.先行词是表示时间的名词（year, month, day, night…），而关系词代替先行词在定语从句中充当时间状语，一般用when引导定语从句。也可以用介词＋which的结构。which前介词的选择是根据先行词与介词的搭配关系而定。

5．关于as引导定语从句的问题

as引导定语从句主要用于非限制性定语从句和the same…as，such…as，as…as的结构中。

1）as与which都可以引导一个非限制性定语从句，并代表前面整个句子或主句中的表语。 He married the girl，as (which)was natural.

不同的是：as引导的定语从句可以前置，而which不行。 As was natural, he married the

girl.

2）.在the same…as, such…as, as…as结构中，same, such , as之后应是名词或形容词＋名词。

We are facing the same problems as we did years ago. We hope to get such a tool as he is using.

3）.the same…as与the same…that引导的定语从句在意义上的区别是：前者修饰的是与原物同样的；而后者修饰的就是先行词同样的东西。是比较：

This is the same watch as I lost. 这和我丢失的那一只表一样。（不是同一只） This is the same watch that I lost. 这就是我丢失的那一只表。（同一只） ●注意事项

1.一般说来，除了用定语从句解释名词或泛指外，先行词前应有定冠词the。

2.在限制性定语从句中which, whom, that充当宾语时，可以省略。而在非限制性定语从句中whom, who, which不能省略。

3.在含有非限制性定语从句的复合句中从句与主句之间应该用逗号隔开。

4.the reason 可以用why或for which引导定语从句也可以用that引导的定语从句。that往往省略。

This is the reason why he was late. =This is the reason (that) he was late. 5.“one of＋可数名词复数”引导的定语从句中,谓语动词应用复数；而“one of＋可数名词复数”前有the，only或the only修饰，定语从句中的谓语动词用单数。(即one前无the 用复数，one前有the用单数)

He is one of the students who study very hard at school.

He is the (only/the only) one of the students who studies very hard at school.

状语从句中常用的引导词

o 时间状语从句：while; when; before; whenever; as; after; till; until; since; once;

ever since; as soon as; no sooner… than; hardly… when; scarcely/barely… when; the moment/minute/instant; on (the point of) doing… o 地点状语从句：where; wherever

o 原因状语从句：because; since; as; seeing that; considering that; now that; in

that; for fear that; lest; owing to the fact that; because of the fact that; due to the fact that…

o 方式状语从句：as; as if; as though;

o 比较状语从句：as; than; as… as; not so… as; o 结果状语从句：so that; so… that; such… that;

o 条件状语从句：if; unless; so long as; so far as; provided/providing/that;

supposing; granted/granting that…; giving that….

o 让步状语从句：though; although; even if; even though; whether; as; however;

no matter (what, how, when); for all that; in spite of the fact that; granted that; regardless of the fact that…

o 目的状语从句：that; so that; in order that; lest; for the fear that; in case… o

关于英语那些你不知道的事都在这里

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