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基于STC89C52单片机的蔬菜大棚温湿度监测系统设计

摘 要

温湿度控制已成为当今社会研究的热门项目。是工业农业生产过程中必须考虑的情况，作为最常见的被控参数。温度和湿度已经不再是以一个个体的形式出现，而应在系统中一起考虑。广泛应用于实验室、温室大棚、花圃、粮仓乃至土壤等各个领域。而传统的温湿度控制则利用湿度表、毛发湿度表、双金属式测量计和湿度试纸等测试器材，通过人工自己进行检测。对不符合温度和湿度要求的库房进行通风、降温、去湿等操作。这种人工测试方法费时费力，效率低，并且随机性还很大，误差也很大。因此我们需要一种造价低廉、使用方便且计算精确的温湿度控制仪器来进行控制，也符合我们社会发展进步。利用单片机对温、湿度控制，具有控温、湿精度高、功能强、体积小、价格低，简单灵活等优点，很好的满足了工艺要求，给人们的生活带来了极大的方便，也为人们带了很好的利益。

本文通过使用STC89C52单片机、DHT11传感器模块、1602液晶显示屏模块以及继电器控制模块。很简单的实现的温湿度的控制要求。DHT11数字温湿度传感器把采集到的温湿度数据传给单片机，经过单片机的处理，准确的显示到液晶屏上，如果温度超过阀值，将会驱动继电器工作，继电器将驱动负载相应的工作。

关键词：传感器，温湿度，单片机，智能控制

I

Vegetable greenhouse temperature and humidity

monitoring system

ABSTRACT

Temperature and humidity control has become a hot item in today's social studies. Is a factor that must be considered in the industrial and agricultural production process. As the control parameters of the most common. Temperature and humidity is no longer a physical quantityindependent of each other, but should be considered in the system.Widely used in laboratory, greenhouse, flower garden, granary andsoil etc.. The temperature and humidity control is the use of traditionalhygrometer, hair hygrometer, double-metal-style gauges and testequipment humidity paper etc.. Through manual testing. Temperature and humidity do not meet the requirements of the Treasury for

ventilation, cooling, dehumidification operation. This kind of manual test method is

time-consuming and laborious, low efficiency. Allrandom. Big error. Hence the need for a low cost, easy to use and the calculation of the temperature and humidity control instrument for precise. The use of microcomputer

control of temperature, humidity,temperature, humidity is high precision, strong function, small size, low price, the advantages of simplicity and flexibility, good to meet theprocess requirements.

In this paper, by using the STC89C52 SCM, DHT11 sensor module,1602 liquid crystal display module and relay control module. Simplerealization of the control of temperature and humidity requirements.DHT11 digital temperature and humidity sensor to temperature and humidity data collected to microcontroller. After a single treatment.Accurate to the liquid crystal display screen. If the temperature exceeds the threshold, will drive the relay to work. The relay will drive the load corresponding work.

Keywords: Sensor, temperature and humidity, MCU, intelligent control

II

目 录

摘 要 ............................................................................. 错误！未定义书签。 ABSTRACT .................................................................... 错误！未定义书签。 1 绪论 ............................................................................................................... 1 1.1 课题背景 .............................................................................................. 1 1.2 课题设计的意义 .................................................................................. 1 1.3温湿度监测系统的发展现状 ............................................................... 1 2 系统总体设计 ............................................................................................... 2 2.1 系统的总框图 ...................................................................................... 3 2.2 系统主要功能 ...................................................................................... 3 2.3 系统设计的原理 .................................................................................. 4 3 蔬菜大棚温湿度监测系统硬件设计 ........................................................... 4 3.1 单片机系统设计 .................................................................................. 5

3.1.1 STC89C52单片机性能简介 ........................................................ 5 3.1.2 STC89C52引脚介绍 ....................................................................................... 6

3.1.3 单片机最小系统……………………………………………………………………...7

3.2 DHT11传感器模块 .............................................................................. 8

3.2.1DHT11的实物图..............................................9 3.2.2DHT11电路原理图...........................................10

3.3 液晶显示屏模块 ................................................................................ 11 3.4 继电器模块 ...................................................................................... 14 3.5 阀值设定模块 .................................................... 错误！未定义书签。 4. 蔬菜大棚温湿度监测系统软件设计 ........................................................ 16