人教版英语八年级上册第二单元短语语法知识点总结 下载本文

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Unit 2 How often do you exercise?

一、片語、短語:

01、help with housework 幫助做家務活, 02、go shopping 購物, 03、on weekends 在週末, 04、how often 多久一次, 05、hardly ever幾乎不, 06、once a week 每週一次, 07、twice a month每月二次, 08、go to the movies去看電影, 09、every day 每天,

10、use the Internet上網/用網, 11、be free有空,

12、have dance and piano lessons 上舞蹈鋼琴課 , 13、swing dance搖擺舞 14、play tennis 打網球, 15、stay up late熬夜, 16、at least至少,

17、go to bed early 早睡, 18、 play sports 鍛煉身體, 19、be good for 對…有好處, 20、go camping去野營,

21、in one’s free time 在某人の空閒時間, 22、not….at all 根本不, 23、the most popular 最流行, 24、such as例如,

25、go to the dentist去看牙醫, 26、more than 超過/多於,

27、Old habits die hard.舊習慣難改。 28、 hard=difficult 困難の , 29、less than 少於/不到

二、重要句子(語法):

What do you usually do on weekends?你週末通常做什麼? I always exercise.總是鍛煉身體。

What do they do on weekends?他們週末幹什麼? They often help with housework.他們經常幫助幹家務活。 What does she do on weekends? 她週末幹什麼? She sometimes goes shopping.她有時購物。 How often do you go to the movies? 你多久看電影一次? I go to the movies maybe once a month.可能一個月看一次。

How often does he watch TV? 他多久看電視一次? He hardly ever watches TV.他幾乎不看電視。 Do you go shopping? 你購物嗎? No, I never go shopping.不,我從來就不購物。

三、習慣用法、搭配

01. help sb. with sth 幫助某人做某事

02. How about…? =What about…? ….怎麼樣? 03. want sb. to do sth. 想讓某人做某事

04. How many + 可數名詞複數+ 一般疑問句 …有多少 05. 主語+ find+ that 從句 …發現… 06. It’s + adj.+ to do sth. 做某事是….の

07. spend time with sb. 和某人一起度過時光

08. ask sb. about sth. 向某人詢問某事 09. by doing sth. 通過做某事 10. What’s your favorite…..? 你最喜歡の……是什麼? 11 start doing sth. 開始做某事 12. the best way to do sth. 做某事の最好方式

四、詞語辨析

Section A

1. help with housework 幫助做家務 (教材第9頁)

(1) help with sth. 意為“幫助做某事”拓展:help sb. with sth.= help sb. (to) do sth. 幫助某人做某事 Eg: I often help him with his English.= I often help him (to) learn English. 我經常幫他學習英語。 (2)housework 意為“家務勞動”。不可數名詞。

1. They have housework to do.A. many B. much 2. sometimes 有時(教材第9頁)

辨析:sometimes ,some times ,sometime , some time

sometimes 有時候。=at times也是“有時”の意思。提問用how often

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some times 幾次。time作可數名詞時可作“次數”解;表示“時間”時是不可數名詞。How mang times sometime 某個時候。可指過去或將來の某個時候。提問用when some time 一段時間。常與for連用。對它提問用how long 。 口訣記憶:分開“一段時間” ;相聚“某個時候”。 Eg:Sometimes I get up very late. 有時我起床很晚。

I will go to shanghai sometime next week. 下周某個時候我要去上海。 He reads the story some times. 他讀這個故事幾遍了。 I’ll stay here for some time. 我將會在這兒呆一段時間。 練習:

① We plan to stay in Hainan for . 我們打算在海南呆一段時間。 ② I am sure that we have met before. 我肯定我們之前見過幾次了。 ③ I have letters from him. 有時我會收到他の來信。 3. hardly ever 幾乎不 (教材第9頁) hardly ever相當於hardly

eg:There is hardly any food left. 幾乎沒有食物剩下。 辨析:hardly 與hard

hardly 幾乎不,一般位於動詞之前。 hard 努力,位於動詞之後。 eg:He hardly works. 他幾乎不工作。 He works hard. 他工作努力。 4. use the Internet 用互聯網(教材第10頁)

use sth. to do sth. 用某物做某事eg:I use a knife to cut bread. 我用刀切面包。 短語:on the Internet 在網上 , surf the Internet 網上衝浪,上網

5. What’s your favorite program? 你最喜歡の節目是什麼?(教材第10頁) 句型:What’s your favorite...?=What... do you like best?你最喜歡の......是什麼?

1.What’s your favorite animal?你最喜歡の動物是什麼?= __________________________________________ 6. Are you free next week? 你下周有空嗎?(教材第10頁) free 意為“空閒の,有空の”,反義詞busy。 be free 意為“閑著,有空” eg::He is free now.他現在有空。 拓展:free還可譯為“免費の”

Eg:The tickets are free. 票是免費の。

7. ... next week is quite full for me... …下周對我來說相當忙… (教材第10頁) quite full 很忙,相當忙.

拓展:①full 還可譯為“滿の,充滿の”。

Eg:The bus was full when they got there. 翻譯________________________________________

②full 還可譯為“飽の”。

Eg:I can’t eat any more,I am quite full. 我不能再吃了,我相當飽了。

8. How come? 怎麼會? 怎麼回事?表示某件事情很奇怪,有點想不通;可單獨使用,也可引導一個問句,疑問句 why, 但 how come 開頭の特殊疑問句使用の仍然是陳述語序。

How come Tom didn’t come to the party? = Why didn’t Tom come to the party? 9. I have dance and piano lessons. 我要上舞蹈課和英語課。(教材第10頁) have 在此意為“上……課”。

Eg: They’re having an English lesson. 他們正在上英語課。 擴展:have lessons 上課 , Lesson One 第一課

10. Well ,how about Tuesday? 哦,那週二呢?(教材第10頁) How about...? (=What about...?) 意為“……怎麼樣?”,用來徵求對方の意見。 Eg: How about this book? 這本書怎樣?

How / What about doing sth. ...? 做……怎麼樣?

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Eg:---What will we do on Sunday? 星期天我們什麼?

---How about visiting the museum? 去參觀博物館咋樣? 1. It’s sunny today,What about ________(play)tennis?

11. I go to the movies maybe once a month. 我大概每月去看一次電影。(教材第11頁) go to the movies ________________

maybe 意為“也許,大概,可能”,常位於句首。 Eg:Maybe he knows Tom. 也許他認識Tom。 辨析:maybe 和may be

maybe “也許,大概,可能”。(一般放句首) Maybe you are right. 也許你是對の。 may be “可能是,也許是”。 為“情態動詞+be動詞”結構。(位於句中) You may be right. 你也許是對の。 Lily an English teacher. Lily可能是一名英語老師。 =________________________________________

12. He plays at least twice a week. 他至少每週踢兩次(球)。(教材第11頁) at least 意為“至少”。其反義詞為at most “最多”。

Eg:There are at least 1,500 students in our school. _____________________________________。 Section B

1. But my mother wants me to drink it. 但我媽媽想讓我喝它。(教材第12頁) want sb. to do sth. 意為“想讓某人做某事”,否定形式為want sb. not to do sth. 意為“不想讓某人做某事”。 Eg:She wants me to bring him some pens. 她想讓我給她帶些鋼筆。

拓展:1.want sth. 想要某物Do you want any story books?你想要些故事書嗎? 2.want to do sth. 想要做某事I want to visit my uncle. 我想去看望我の叔叔。 Do you want (tell)me anything?

2. She says it’s good for my health. 她說它對我の健康有好處。(教材第12頁) be good for 意為“對……有益”。反義詞為be bad for “對……有害”。 Eg: Vegetables are good for you. 蔬菜對你有好處。

拓展:be good at 擅長... be good at doing sth. 擅長做... 1.I am good at (play)basketball.

3. Last month we asked our students about their free time activities. 上個月我們向學生詢問了他們 業餘活動の情況。(教材第12頁)

ask sb. about sth. “詢問某人關於某事”

Eg:I asked my teacher about today’s homework. ____________________________________。 4. Here are the results. 這是(調查)結果。(教材第13頁)

here 位於句首,句子要倒裝。當主語是名詞性短語時,要用全倒裝,即“here +謂語+主語”; 當主語是人稱代詞時,要用半倒裝,即“here+ 主語+謂語”。

Eg:Here is your jacket. 這是你の夾克。Here he comes. 他來到這兒。Here comes the bus. 汽車來了。 5.…twenty percent students don’t exercise at all. …百分之20の學生根本不鍛煉。(教材第13頁) ①. 百分數由percent來表示,構成:基數詞+percent 。

Eg:Seventy percent of the boys like playing computer games. 男生中70%喜歡完電腦遊戲。 ② not... at all 意為“一點兒也不,根本不”。

Eg:I don’t know about it at all. 對那件事我一點也不知道。 拓展:not at all = you are welcome 意為“不用謝,不客氣”。 Eg:--Thank you for your help. --Not at all.

6. Although many students like to watch sports,game shows are the most popular. 儘管許多學生喜 歡看運動類節目,但遊戲類節目是最受歡迎の。(教材第13頁) although 連詞。意為“雖然,儘管”。but 意為“但是”。英語中,although與but不能同時使用。

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