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摘 要

本论文主要研究Z3050摇臂钻床的电气控制系统，并对其控制系统基于PLC进行改造设计。阐述PLC的基本组成结构、工作原理和分类，讲述常用主令器的基本组成结构、原理和符号，分析Z3050摇臂钻床的基本组成结构、运动轨迹和电气控制电路，明确它的控制对象和控制目的，选择适合的PLC型号，完成PLC外部接线图和梯形图的设计。使用CX-Programmer软件编写所设计的梯形图，并对其进行编译，确认梯形图编译无误后，将CX-Programmer软件和CX-Simulator软件配合使用，对梯形图按步骤进行模拟仿真验证，看得出的结构是否与预期的一样。经验证与预期的结果一样，说明设计的梯形图使Z3050摇臂钻床在保留原有的操作方法和功能的基础上，能够取代原有传统的继电器控制系统。完成了Z3050摇臂钻床电气控制系统的PLC改造设计，简化了Z3050摇臂钻床的控制电路，使其更易于维护和维修，具有更高的工作效率， 提高了Z3050摇臂钻床的性能。

关键词： 继电器；PLC；控制系统；Z3050摇臂钻床

Design Z3050 radial drilling machine electrical control system

based on PLC

Student: YANG Hong-yuan Teacher: ZOU Zi-ming

Abstract: In this thesis, to study the Z3050 radial drilling machine electrical control system, and engineered design their control system based on PLC. It describes basic structures PLC, working principle and classification, about common master's basic structures, principles and symbols, analyze basic structures Z3050 radial drilling trajectory and electrical control circuitry, specifically its control object and control purpose, select the appropriate PLC type, complete PLC external wiring diagram and ladder design. CX-Programmer is designed for software development ladder, and compile, compile correctly confirm the ladder, the CX-Programmer CX-Simulator software and software with the use of the ladder step by step simulation, see out of the structure is the same as expected. Proven and expected the same results, indicating the design of the ladder so Z3050 radial drilling machine on the basis of retaining the original features of the method of operation and can replace existing traditional relay control system. PLC completed the renovation design Z3050 radial drilling machine electrical control system, simplifying the Z3050 radial drilling machine control circuit, making it easier to maintain and repair, with higher efficiency, improve the Z3050 radial drilling performance. Key works: relay; PLC; control systems; Z3050 radial drilling machine

目录

摘 要 ····································································································· I Abstract································································································ II 目录 ····································································································· III

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1 绪论 ·································································································· 1 本课题的背景和研究意义············································································ 1 2 PLC的概述 ·························································································· 2

2.1 PLC的基本知识 ············································································· 2

2.1.1 PLC的发展历史 ····································································· 2 2.1.2 PLC的基本组成 ····································································· 2 2.1.3 PLC的工作原理 ····································································· 3 2.1.4 PLC的分类 ··········································································· 4 2.2 常用电器的基本结构 ······································································ 5

2.2.1 接触器 ················································································ 5 2.2.2 电磁式继电器 ······································································· 6 2.2.3 按钮 ··················································································· 8

3 Z3050摇臂钻床的概述 ··········································································· 9

3.1 Z3050摇臂钻床的基本知识 ······························································ 9

3.1.1 Z3050摇臂钻床用途和型号的含义 ············································· 9 3.1.2 Z3050摇臂钻床的基本结构组成 ················································ 9 3.1.3 Z3050的运动轨迹 ································································ 10 3.2 Z3050摇臂钻床电气控制系统的分析 ················································ 10

3.2.1主电路分析 ········································································· 10 3.2.2 控制电路分析 ······································································ 12

4 基于PLC对Z3050摇臂钻床电气控制系统的改造设计 ································ 15

4.1 外部接线图的设计 ······································································· 15 4.2 PLC型号的选择 ··········································································· 16 4.3 梯形图的设计 ············································································· 17