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毕 业 论 文

巧克力挤出式3D打印机结构设计

学生姓名： 专业班级： 指导教师： 学 院：

机电工程学院

2015年6月

巧克力挤出式3D打印机结构设计

摘要

随着智能制造的进一步发展成熟，新的信息技术、控制技术、材料技术等不断被广泛应用于生活当中，3D打印技术也将被推向更高的层面。如今人们物质生活丰富，更多人们追求个性的生活。喜欢一些DIY设计，把自己喜欢的图案作为服饰或者食物的形状。鉴于3D打印的流行和人们个性的追求，设计一款巧克力3D打印机是非常有前景的。

本设计基于快速成型技术的基本原理，对于普通3D打印机结构加以研究，特别对打印的材料和材料输出的方式加以设计和改进。在普通的挤出式打印机基础上进行优化设计，以巧克力为打印材料，先通过计算机建模软件建模，再将建成的三维模型“分区”成逐层的截面，通过单片机读出截面的信息，由单片机指导三个坐标滑台运动和控制挤出头挤出量。本次设计的巧克力挤出式3D打印机主要为机械结构，由X、Y、Z坐标滑台、挤出头、滚珠丝杆副、直线导轨，箱体等部分组成。其中X、Y、Z坐标滑台是来实现三个自由度的运动，分别由三个步进电动机驱动，滚珠丝杠副传递运动，使坐标滑台在直线导轨上做直线运动。

最后设计出箱体结构设计比较简洁，容易实现桌面化。设计出能打印长200 mm，宽200 mm，高100 mm的巧克力3D打印机。

关键词 3D打印机；快速成型；结构设计

3D printer structure design of extrusion of chocolate

Abstract

With the further development of intelligent manufacturing, new information technology, control technology, materials technology has been widely used in daily life, 3D printing technology will be promoted to a higher level. Now people rich material life, more and more people the pursuit of individual life. Like some DIY design, their love pattern as clothing or food shape. In view of the 3D print popular and people's pursuit of personality, the design of a 3D chocolate printer is very promising.

The basic design principle of rapid prototyping technology based on 3D structure, for ordinary printer to be studied, especially for the printing of materials and material output mode design and improvement. To optimize the design of extrusion type printer based in common, with chocolate for printing materials, through the modeling of computer modeling software, and then built the 3D model of \MCU instruction by three coordinate slider movement and control of extrusion head extrusion amount. The design of the extrusion type 3D chocolate printer mainly for mechanical structure, composed of X, Y, Z coordinates, the extrusion head slide, ball screw, linear guide, case etc.. The X, Y, Z coordinates of the slide is to realize three degrees of freedom of movement, which is composed of three stepper motor driven ball screw transmission, movement, coordinate slider motion in a straight line on the linear guide rail.

The structure design is simple, easy to implement desktop. Designed to print length 200 mm, width 200 mm, 100 mm 3D chocolate printer.

Keywords ：3D printer; rapid prototyping; structure design