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形容词作状语考点透析
作者：谭凤兰
来源：《高中生·高考指导》2014年第03期
一般情况下，副词在句中作状语，用于修饰动词、形容词、副词，或者修饰整个句子，比较容易被同学们理解。但是对于形容词作状语这一现象，很多同学难以理解。
形容词除了可以作定语、表语或补语外，还具有副词的功能，即可在句中作状语，主要用来补充说明句子中的主语、宾语、谓语或整个句子的内容，表示时间、原因、让步、方式或伴随状态等。形容词作状语时，可用逗号将其与句子的其余部分隔开。这种状语可位于句首、句中或句末。
______ and short of breath，Andy and Ruby were the first to reach the top of Mount Tai. A. To be tired B. Tired C. Tiring D. Being tired
解析：答案为B。该题考查形容词作状语。 形容词作状语的主要用法如下： 1. 作时间状语
Ripe，these apples are sweet. 这些苹果熟了的时候很甜。 2. 作原因状语
Tired of sleeping on the floor，the young man went to the store to buy a bed. 由于厌倦了睡在地板上，那个年轻人去商店买了张床。 3. 作让步状语
Students of the school，old and young，donated money to the people who have suffered from the earthquake.
学校的学生，不论是年龄大的还是年龄小的，都给地震灾区的人们捐了款。
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4. 作方式状语
The horses are running wild all over the field. 那些马正在原野上狂奔。 5. 作伴随状语
He was lying in bed，awake，listening to the music. 他躺在床上，毫无睡意，静静地听着音乐。
值得同学们注意的是，有些-ed分词已具有形容词的特征，可称为分词形容词，常常在这个用法中出现。如：
Lost in thought，he almost ran into the door in front. 由于陷入沉思中，他几乎撞到了前面的门上。 Caught in the rain，he got wet all over. 他全身都被雨淋湿了。
Excited and overjoyed，the girl rushed to her mother. 小女孩激动又欣喜地跑向她的妈妈。
常见的-ed分词转化而来的形容词有：amazed，amused，bored，disappointed，discouraged，interested，exhausted，pleased，satisfied，worried，excited等。 例1 _________ to the cause of education，he gained the respect of his students. A. Devoting B. Devoted
C. Having been devoted D. to devote 答案为B。分词形容词作原因状语。
例2 _________ behind the door，he could not have been found by his sister. A. Hiding B. To devote C. Having hidden D. Hidden
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答案为D。分词形容词作条件状语。
例3 A cold rain was falling，________ with snow. A. mixing B. to mix C. having mixed D. mixed
答案为D。分词形容词作伴随状语。 【巩固拓展】
1. _________ with hopes and fears，he entered the cave. A. Filling B. Fill C. Being filled D. Filled
2. _________ and happy，Tony stood up and accepted the prize. A. Surprising B. Surprised
C. Being surprised D. To be surprising
3. When he came back three hours later，they were still sitting on the sofa，_________ in conversation.
A. absorbing B. absorbed C. to absorb D. to be absorbed
4. _________ true events，the film follows the life of Braddock，a boxer in New York. A. Being based on B. Basing on C. Based on D. Having based on
5. _________，she is the sort of woman to spread sunshine to people through her smile. A. Shy and cautious B. Sensitive and thoughtful C. Honest and confident