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tric（小障碍物）—— extricate merg（浸入）—— submerge

16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 17. -dom

词缀考古学：意为state, quality, position, place where，表示“状态；性质；位置” 词汇：freedom, wisdom, boredom, kingdom, filmdom, martyrdom, dukedom, stardom 词根：（—） 18. -hood, -head

词缀考古学：意为period, quality，表示“时期；带有···的性质”

词汇：falsehood, neighborhood, adulthood, childhood, boyhood, godhead, hardihood, likelihood 词根：fal(l)（错误）—— fallible

nei（附近）—— neighbor ul(=al)（滋养）—— adultness

19. -ic(s)

词缀考古学：意为study, art, science, system, 表示“学科；艺术；学术；体系”

词汇：pediatrics, economics, genetics, mechanics, aeronautics, linguistics, logistics, dietetics 词根：ped（儿童）—— pedant

nom（法则）—— astronomy gen（出生；创造）——engender

20. -ice, -ise

词缀考古学：意为act, state,表示“行为；状态”

词汇：malice, armistice, mortise, novice, cowardice, merchandise, treatise, exercise 词根：mal（坏的）—— malefacetion

arm（武器）—— army mort（死亡）—— mortality

21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 21. -ing

词缀考古学：意为state, business, cause to，表示“···的状态；行业；正···的：令人···的” 词汇：clothing, banking, engrossing, learning, feeling, fishing, accounting, outgoing 词根：cloth（布；衣服）—— clothes

bank（长凳）—— banquet gross（大）—— engross

22. -ion（-tion, -sion, -ation）

词缀考古学：意为that which，表示“···的动作或状态”。其变形为-tion, -sion, --ation 词汇：audition, caption, partition, cushion, mansion, carnation, inflation, consolation 词根：aud（听）—— audience

cap（拿取）—— captivity

part（部分；分开）—— partake

23. -ism, -asm

词缀考古学：意为belief, speech, condition, state, act, 表示“信仰；主义；讲话；状况，状态；行为”

词汇：baptism, hedonism, nihilism, empiricism, extremism, idealism, materialism, Confucianism 词根：bapt（浸入）—— Baptist

hedon（快乐）—— hedonistic

nihil（无，不存在）—— annihilation

24. -itude

词缀考古学：意为quality, state，表示“性质；状态”

词汇：solitude, plenitude, fortitude, longitude, magnitude, latitude, attitude, beatitude 词根：sol（单独）—— soliloquy

plen（满，填满）—— replenish fort（强大；力量）—— fortify

25. -ment

词缀考古学：意为state, quality, act, that which，表示“状态；性质；行为；···的物” 词汇：appeasement, augment, rudiment, embodiment, harassment, fragment, garment, segment 词根：peas（平静）—— appease

aug（增大，增加）—— august

rud（为成熟的；天然的）—— crude

26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 26. -mony

词缀考古学：意为state，表示“状态”

词汇：matrimony, patrimony, testimony, harmony, acrimony, ceremony, hegemony 词根：matri（母性；母亲）—— matriarch

patri（父亲）—— patriotism test（证明；看见）—— protest

27. -ness

词缀考古学：意为state, quality，表示“状态；性质”，通常加在形容词后面

词汇：positiveness, promptness, attractiveness, forwardness, kindness, tiredness, brightness, fulsomeness

词根：pos（放置）—— positivism

mpt（拿取）—— redemption tract（拉）—— tractor

28. -o(u)r

词缀考古学：意为one who, that which,表示“···的人或物”

词汇：clamour, vendor, inventor, candour, vapour, mediator, stupor, tremor 词根：clam（叫喊）—— clamorous

vend（销售）—— vending vent（来）—— advent

29. -ry

词缀考古学：意为quality, state, business, science, place where, collective, 表示“状态：性质；行业；学科；场地”，还可作为集合名词的标志。-ry通常放在一个完整的单词后面 词汇：mimicry, artistry, ferry, laundry, poetry, chemistry, rivalry, husbandry 词根：mim（模仿）—— mimic

art（技巧；艺术）—— artifact fer（搬运；承载）—— confer

30. -ship

词缀考古学：意为quality, condition, state, skill,表示“质量；条件；状态；技能”

词汇：dictatorship, partnership, relationship, citizenship, membership, horsemanship, airmanship, hardship

词根：dict（说）—— contradict

part（部分）—— partial

lat（带来，携带）—— relate

31. 32. 33. 34. 35. 31. -t, -th

词缀考古学：意为action, state, quality, 表示“行为；状态；性质” 词汇：strength, filth, mirth, zenith, depth, length, stealth, warmth 词根：stren（坚硬的）—— strenuous

fil（弄脏）—— defile mir（惊愕）—— miracle

32. -ty, -ity, -y

词缀考古学：意为act, that which，表示“行为；性质；状态；物”，常用在名词后面，作为抽象名词的标志

词汇：fidelity, controversy, longevity, levity, nonentity, diversity, triviality, vitality 词根：fid（信任）—— infidel

contro（相对）—— controvert ev（时间）—— medieval

33. -ure

词缀考古学：意为state, quality, act, result, that which，表示“状态；性质；行为；结果；···的人或物”

词汇：legislature, posture, rupture, composure, scripture, signature, structure, torture 词根：leg（法律）—— illegal

pos（放置）—— postulate rupt（折断）—— interrupt

34. -y

词缀考古学：意为state, condition, quality, act, result，表示“状态；状况；性质；行为；结果：”有三种构词方式；放在名词后表形容词；放在形容词或以-r结尾的单词后表名词；还可以放在名词后表示“人或小东西”，作为一种爱称常带有戏虐性

词汇：tardy, discovery, inquiry, difficulty, mastery, fatty, missy, sleepy 词根：tard（慢的）—— retard

cover（覆盖；隐藏）—— covert quir(e)（询问；寻找）—— acquire

Unit 2 形容词后缀

35. -able, -ible

词缀考古学：意为capable of,表示“易于···的；能够···得”

词汇：amiable, variable, fallible, desirable, conceivable, eligible, feasible 词根：am（喜爱）—— amenity

var（变化）—— various fall（错误）—— fallacy

36. 37. 38. 39. 40. 36. -al, -ial

词缀考古学：意为nature of,表示“具有···性质的”

词汇：factual, global, martial, personal, exceptional, regional, pastoral, congenial

词根：fact（做）—— manufacture

glob（球体）—— globule mar（战争）—— Mars

37. -ant, -ent

词缀考古学：意为having the quality of，表示“具有···性质的” 词汇：fluent, radiant, fervent, vigilant, extravagant, resistant, intoxicant 词根：flu（流动）—— fluctuation

rad（放射）—— eradiate ferv（沸腾）—— fervor

38. -ary

词缀考古学：意为relating to，表示“与···相关；···的”

词汇：legendary, arbitrary, auxiliary, imaginary, elementary, stationary, sedentary, temporary 词根：leg（阅读）—— illegible

bit（去）—— acrobat aux（增加）—— augment

39. -ful

词缀考古学：意为full of, having the quality of，表示“充满的；具有···性质的” 词汇：tactful, grateful, vengeful, awful, gleeful, hopeful, shameful, forgetful 词根：tact（触觉；接触）—— intact

grat（使高兴）—— congratulate veng（惩罚）—— avenge

40. -ic

词缀考古学：意为nature of，表示“具有···本性的，···的”

词汇：synthetic, graphic, caustic, fanatic, static, chaotic, antibiotic, cosmic 词根：thet（放）—— antithetical

graph（写）—— autograph caust（燃烧）—— holocaust

41. 42. 43. 44. 45. 41. -ical

词缀考古学：意为nature of，表示“具有···本性的” 词汇：tyrannical, symmetrical, skeptical, hypocritical, botanical, classical, geometrical, methodical 词根：tyrann（残暴）—— tyrannicide

metr（测量）—— metric skep（看）—— skepticism

42. -ive

词缀考古学：意为relating to, having the quality of, tending to, that which，表示“与···相关的；有···性质的，···的；倾向于···的；···的人或物”

词汇：incisive, pensive, permissive, pervasive, repulsive, impassive, affirmative, lucrative 词根：cis（切割）—— concise

pens（悬挂；称重）—— suspense miss（送）—— commission

43. -ous

词缀考古学：意为many, full，表示“许多的；充满的”