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沈阳建筑大学城市建设学院

毕业论文

毕 业 论 文 题 目 废旧汽车逆向物流系统规划与研究 系 专业班级 交通与机械过程系物流工程07-2班 学 生 姓 名 陈 雪 性别 男 指 导 教 师 张思奇 职称 讲 师

年 月 日

摘 要

随着我国经济社会的发展和人们生活水平的提高，我国的汽车保有量逐年增加，每年应报废汽车的数量也在不断增加。但受各种因素的影响，尚有一部分报废汽车仍然流散于社会，未能及时回收，成为交通安全和环境保护的隐患。另外废车处理情况也不容乐观，我国每年从废旧汽车获得的再生资源比较少，回收利用率很低。

本文对我国废旧汽车逆向物流做了深入的理论分析和探讨，尝试构建了符合我国国情的废旧汽车逆向物流系统，并为系统的运行提出了相应的对策和建议。

本文的主要贡献在于以下几个方面。首先对我国废旧汽车逆向物流的发展现状进行了实证分析，分析了我国废旧汽车逆向物流存在的主要问题和战略价值。对我国废旧汽车逆向物流回收模式进行了总结，包括汽车企业负责回收、制造商联合体负责回收、第三方回收企业负责回收这三种回收模式，并构建了适合某汽车公司废旧汽车逆向物流回收物流系统。研究了我国废旧汽车逆向物流处理系统，包括废旧汽车拆解和破碎分选系统，进而构建了适合我国国情的废旧汽车逆向物流处理子系统。用Lingo方法建模并结合数据并用Lingo方法计算，为废旧汽车回收处理中心选址提供了理论参考和依据。

关键词： 废旧汽车，逆向物流，lingo建模计算方法

ABSTRACT

With the development of social economic and the improvement of people’s standard of living level，the total number of motor vehicles China contains has increased year by year，the quantity of scrapped cars has also gradually increased．But，influenced by all kind of factors，part of scrapped cars still spread around the social and fail to recover in due course，which has become a potential danger to traffic safety and environmental protection．In addition，the treatment condition of waste cars is not very optimistic，the renewable resources China obtained from the scrapped vehicles is fewer annually , and the recycle level is too low．

This paper thoroughly analyzes and discusses the reverse logistics of our country's used cars attempts to construct the reverse logistics system adapt to Chinese situation，and puts forward the corresponding countermeasures and suggestions for the run of system．

The main contribution of this paper is the following. First of all scrap cars on the reverse logistics of the development status of the empirical analysis, analysis of scrap cars main problems in reverse logistics and strategic value. Our used car reverse logistics model are summarized, including automobile companies responsible for recycling, manufacturers of the Commonwealth responsible for the recovery, third-party recycling companies responsible for the recovery of these three recovery modes, and built for a car company used car reverse logistics logistics system. Study of used car reverse logistics processing systems, including auto dismantling and crushing of waste sorting system, and then build a car suitable for China's scrap reverse logistics processing subsystem. Lingo combined with the data and methods to model and calculated using Lingo for scrap car recycling center location to provide a theoretical reference and basis.

KEYWORDS : scrapped cars；reverse logistics；Lingo modeling method

目录

第一章 绪论 .............................................................. 1 1.1研究背景 .............................................................. 1 1.2研究目的和意义 ........................................................ 2 1.3国内外研究现状及评价 .................................................. 3 1.3.1国外研究现状及评价 .................................................. 3 1.3.2国内研究现状及评价 .................................................. 6 1.4研究内容与框架 ........................................................ 7 第二章逆向物流概述 ....................................................... 8 2.1逆向物流的定义、分类及特点 ............................................ 9 2.2逆向物流驱动因素分析 ................................................. 13 2.3 实施汽车逆向物流动因分析 ............................................ 16 2.4 逆向物流理论基础 .................................................... 18 2.5 逆向物流与几个概念的关系 ............................................ 20 2.5.1 逆向物流与正向物流的关系 .......................................... 20 2.5.2 逆向物流与循环经济的关系 .......................................... 22 2.5.3 逆向物流与绿色物流的关系 .......................................... 24 第三章我国实施废旧汽车逆向物流的必要性分析 .............................. 27 3.1 废旧汽车逆向物流 .................................................... 27 3.1.1 废旧汽车逆向物流的定义 ............................................ 27 3.1.2 废旧汽车逆向物流产生原因 .......................................... 29 3.2 废旧汽车逆向物流的战略价值分析 ...................................... 30 3.2.1 经济价值 .......................................................... 31 3.2.2 社会价值 .......................................................... 31

3.3国内汽车逆向物流存在问题 ............................................. 32 3.4 实施汽车逆向物流对策分析 ............................................ 33 3.4.1 政府及相关机构角度 ................................................ 33 3.4.2 汽车制造企业角度 .................................................. 33 3.4.3 消费者角度 ........................................................ 34 第四章 废旧汽车回收处理中心的选址研究 ................................... 35 4.1 问题描述 ............................................................ 35 4.2 概念模型 ............................................................ 36 4.3模型的构建 ........................................................... 37 第五章 实例分析 ......................................................... 41 5.1.实例分析 ............................................................ 41 5.1.1企业基本数据 ....................................................... 41 5.1.2 产品及零配件处理的相关数据 ........................................ 43 5.1.3 处理中心设置的其他相关数据 ........................................ 45 5.2案例求解 ............................................................. 45 5.2.1 算法设计 .......................................................... 45 5.2.2 LINGO介绍 ......................................................... 46 5.2.3求解过程 ........................................................... 46 5.3结果分析 ............................................................. 47 5.3.1单目标优化结果 ..................................................... 47 5.3.2 成本和环境双目标优化 .............................................. 48 5.3.3回收处理的成本和环境影响分析 ....................................... 49 第六章 技术经济分析 ..................................................... 52