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Translate the following terms from English into Chinese.把下列术语翻译成中文

1. duality of structure 2. General Linguistics 3. voiceless consonant

4. complementary distribution 5. free morpheme

6. immediate constituent 7. Componential Analysis 8. American Structuralism 9. zero morph

10. structural ambiguity 11. productivity

12. linguistic competence 13. manner of articulation 14. intonation language 15. allophone

16. inflectional morpheme 17. phrase marker 18. denotation

19. Systemic-Functional Grammar 20. bound morpheme

21. cultural transmission 22. Descriptive Linguistics 23. derivational morpheme 24. consonant

25. tone language 26. empty morph 27. syntax

28. complementary antonym 29. mode of discourse

_________结构的二元性_______________ ________普通语言学________________ _________清辅音_______________ ________互补分布________________ ________自由词素________________ ________直接成份________________ ________成份分析________________ ________美国结构主义________________ _________零语子_______________ _________结构歧义_______________ _________多产性 ______________ __________语言能力______________ _________发音方法_______________ _________语调语言_______________ __________音位变体______________ _________曲折语素_______________ __________短语标记______________ __________指示______________ __________系统功能语法______________ __________粘着语素______________ __________文化传播______________ __________描写语言学______________ ___________派生词素_____________ ___________辅音_____________ ___________声调语言_____________ ___________虚语子_____________ ___________语法_____________ ___________互补反义词_____________ ____________话语方式____________

语言学概论复习1

30. free variation _______自有变异_________________

31. displacement

__________取代______________ 32. paradigmatic relation __________集合体关系______________ 33. voiced consonant __________浊辅音______________ 34. minimal pair __________极小对______________ 35. phoneme

__________音位______________ 36. lexical ambiguity __________词法的歧义性______________ 37. connotation

__________内涵______________

38. language acquisition device __________语言习得机制______________ 39. constituency __________选区______________ 40. alien

__________相异______________ 41. design feature

__________设计特点______________ 42. Theoretical Linguistics __________理论语言学______________ 43. diphthong

__________双元音______________ 44. contrastive distribution __________对立分布______________ 45. translation-loan

__________借译词______________ 46. ultimate constituent __________主要成分______________ 47. relational opposite __________关系对立词______________ 48. genre

__________类型______________ 49. dependency __________从属______________ 50. denizen

__________居民______________ 51. arbitrariness

__________任意______________ 52. linguistic performance ___________语言行为_____________ 53. vowel

___________元音_____________ 54. free variation

___________自由变异_____________ 55. derivational morpheme _________派生词素_______________ 56. surface structure __________表层结构______________ 57. mode of discourse ___________话语方式_____________ 58. gradable antonym

__________分级反义词______________ 59. Innateness Hypothesis __________天赋假说______________ 60. complementary antonym

__________互补反义词______________

语言学概论复习2

61. interchangeability 62. syntagmatic relation 63. pure vowel

_______可交换性_________________ ________结构关系________________ _________纯元音_______________ _________语调语言_______________ __________粘着语素______________ __________语言能力______________ __________深层结构______________ __________语义场_____________ ___________情境语境_____________ ___________发音方法_____________

64. intonation language 65. bound morpheme 66. linguistic competence 67. deep structure 68. semantic field

69. context of situation

70. manner of articulation 71. discreteness

___________组件_____________ _________应用语言学_______________ __________直接成分______________ __________发音部位______________ ___________音位；音素_____________ _________零语子_______________ __________结构歧义______________ __________上下位关系______________ ___________语旨_____________ __________成分分析______________

72. Applied Linguistics

73. immediate constituent 74. place of articulation 75. phoneme 76. zero morph

77. structural ambiguity 78. hyponymy

79. tenor of discourse

80. Componential Analysis

Answer the following questions.回答一下问题

1. What are the differences between grammatical competence and pragmatic competence?

2. What is the difference between free morphemes and bound morphemes? Illustrate it with examples. 3. What are the three syntactic relations? Illustrate them with examples. 4. What does it mean to say that language is arbitrary? Illustrate it with examples.

5. What is the difference between tone languages and intonation languages? Illustrate it with examples.

6. Explain the differences between inflectional affixes and derivational affixes in terms of both function and position. 7. What does it mean to say that language is a system? Illustrate it with examples.

8. What is the difference between an empty morph and a zero morph? Illustrate it with examples. 9. What are the differences between surface structure and deep structure? Illustrate them with examples.

语言学概论复习3