形容词和副词讲解和习题练习(含答案) 下载本文

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高中英语——形容词和副词

一、考点、热点回顾 形容词

1、形容词的一般用法

(1).作定语,一般放在所修饰词的前面。 It’s a cold and windy day.

(2.)作表语,放在系动词的后面。(look, feel, smell, sound….) He looks happy today.

(3.)形容词修饰something,anything,nothing,everything等复合不定代词时,须放在其后。 Would you like something hot to drink?

(4.)表示长、宽、高、深及年龄的形容词,应放在相应的名词之后。 How long is the river? It’s about two hundred metres long.

(5.)只能作表语的形容词:afraid;alone;asleep;awake;alive;well健康的;ill;frightened The man is ill.(正)

The ill man is my uncle.(误)

(6.)只能作定语的形容词:little小的;only唯一的;wooden木质的;woolen羊毛质的;elder年长的

My elder brother is in Beijing.(正) My brother is elder. (误)

(7).貌似副词的形容词:lonely;friendly;lively;lovely

2、形容词常用句型

(1).“It’s +adj.+of+sb.+不定式”表示“某人(做某事)怎么样”。=Sb +be +adj+to do sth

注意:这一句型中常用描述行为者的性格、品质的形容词,如good,kind,nice,polite ,clever ,foolish ,lazy ,careful,careless,right(正确的),wrong等。 It’s very kind of you to help me.(=You are very kind to help me.) (2).“It’s+adj.+for+sb.+不定式”表示“做某事对某人来说怎么样”。=To do sth is adj for sb .

注意:这一句型中常用的形容词有important,necessary,difficult,easy,hard,dangerous,safe,useful,pleasant,interesting,impossible等。

It’s not easy for them to learn a foreign language.(=To learn a foreign language is not easy for them.) (3).表示感情或情绪的形容词,如glad,pleased,sad,thankful等常接不定式。

I’m very sad to hear the bad news. (4.)表示能力和意志的形容词,如ready(乐意的,有准备的),able(有能力的),sure(一定),certain(一定)等常接不定式。

Lei Feng is always ready to help others. He is sure to get to school on time.

副词

1、副词的分类

副词按词汇意义可分为:

方式副词:well,fast,slowly,carefully,quickly

程度副词:very,much,enough,almost,rather,quite

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地点副词:here,there,out,somewhere,abroad,home 时间副词:today,early,soon,now,then,recently,still 频度副词:always,often,usually,sometimes,seldom,never 否定副词:no,not,neither,nor 疑问副词:where,how,why 其他:also,too,only 2、副词的基本用法:

(1).副词是用来修饰形容词、其他副词,一般放在被修饰词之前. He plays the piano very well .

(2). 副词是用来修饰动词,常放在动词之后. He got up quickly

(3).enough 修饰adj /adv 时,放在其后. He is old enough to go to school . 3、常见副词用法辨析 (1).already与yet的区别

already用于肯定句句中,表示“已经”;yet用于否定句句末,表示“还”,用于疑问句句末,表示“已经”

He had_____left when I called.

Have you found your ruler______? (2) very,much和very much.的区别

very用于修饰形容词或副词的原级;much用于修饰形容词或副词的比较级;修饰动词要用very much.

John is ____ honest.

This garden is_____ bigger than that one. Thank you _____. (3.)so与such的区别

1)so修饰形容词或副词;such 修饰名词,My brotherruns so fast that I can’t follow him. He is such a boy.

2)so+形容词+a/an+可数名词单数 such+a/an+形容词+可数名词单数

such+形容词+可数名词复数/不可数名词 He is ___ clever a boy.=He is ____ a clever boy. It is____cold weather.

They are _____good students.

3)名词前有many ,much, few ,little (少量的) 用so 不用such .(多多少少仍用so) 但little 表示 “小的” 用such.

There are ___ little sheep on the hill . (4).also,too,as well与either 的区别 also,as well,too,用于肯定句,also常用于be动词,情态动词,助动词之后,行为动词之前;as well,too用于句末;either用于否定句中,置于句末。

例如,My father is a teacher. My mother is ____a teacher. =My father is a teacher. My mother is a teacher ______. =My father is a teacher. My mother is a teacher,_____.

I can’t speak French…… Jenny can’t speak French,_____. (5).sometime,sometimes,some time与some times的区别

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sometime:表示将来的或过去的某一个不确定的时间。 sometimes:有时,不时的= at times some time:一段时间 some times:几次,几倍

We’ll have a test ______next month.

_____ we are busy and sometimes we are not. He stayed in Beijing for _____ last year. I have been to Beijing ______. (6).ago与before的区别

ago表示以现在为起点的“以前”,常与一般过去时连用,不可以单独使用。 before指过去或将来的某时刻“以前”,也可泛指以前,常和完成时连用,可以单独使用。 I saw him ten minutes _______.

He told me that he had seen the film______. (7).now,just与just now的区别

now:与一般现在时、现在进行时、现在完成时连用,意为“现在” just:与现在完成时连用,表示“刚……” just now:和过去时连用,表示“刚才” Where does he live______? We have _______ seen the film. He was here______. (8).lonely / alone 的区别

1).alone 独自一人/没有同伴, 既可作adj 也可作adv.

2).lonely 表示孤独,寂寞, 也可修饰地点,表示荒凉,偏僻的,常与feel 连用。

3).alone 只作表语 (以a开头的形容词一般只作表语,不作定语)而lonely 既可作表语,也可作定语) He lives _____ on a _____ island .

He is _____ ,but he doesn’t feel ______. (9).fast /quickly /soon 的区别.

fast 表示速度之快 quickly表示动作之快 soon表示时间之快 I’m leaving home this afternoon . Really ? Why so ______? A.fast B.soon C.quickly D.early

形容词,副词的比较级、最高级

1、规则变化

(1).一般在词尾直接加er或est, tall-taller-tallest,long-longer-longest (2.)以不发音的字母e结尾的单词在词尾直接加r或st, nice-nicer-nicest

(3).以辅音字母+y结尾的词,把y变为i,再加er或est, heavy-heavier-heaviest

(4).重读闭音节,末尾只有一个辅音字母,双写这个辅音字母,再加er或est, big-bigger-biggest 注: 大,红,湿,热,悲,瘦,胖.双写末辅再变级.(big/red/wet/hot/sad/thin/fat )

(5).部分双音节词和多音节词分别在原级前加more构成比较级和most构成最高级, beautiful-more beautiful-most beautiful

注:表示否定意义在其前加less /least

important----less important----least important

English is more interesting than Chinese =Chinese is less interesting than English . (6.)由 “形容词+ly”构成的副词,在其前加more/ most

slowly---more slowly----most slowly;但early—earlier---earliest