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U6 Topic1 There is a study next to my bedroom

【基础知识巩固】

U6T1SA

1 on the second floor 在二楼

注意：second前面需要加定冠词the。

2 1)Why not...? = Why don’t you? 用于向对方提出建议，后加动词原形。 意为“何不……，为什么不……”。 e.g. Why not go out and have dinner? =Why don’t you go out and have dinner? 你为什么不出去吃饭呢？

2) come upstairs 上楼，其反义词组为：come downstairs 下楼。 3) have a look(at sth.) 看一看(某物)

e.g. Let me have a look at your pictures. 让我看看你的照片。 3 so many+可数名词的复数形式，表示“这么多的……”。 so much+不可数名词，表示“这么多的……”。

e.g. There are so many students here. 这儿有这么多的学生。

There is so much milk in the bottle. 瓶里有这么多的牛奶。 U6T1SB

1 talk about 意为“谈,谈论”，后接谈话的内容。 e.g. The students are talking about the picture. 学生们正在谈论那幅画。

而talk to/with意为“和……交谈”，后接谈话的对象。 e.g. My English teacher is talking with my father. = My English teacher is talking to my father. 我的英语老师正在和我父亲谈话。

2 near在此作介词，意为“在……附近，靠近”。next to是介词短语， 意为“在……近旁；近邻”，所表达的距离要比near更近。 e.g. Sarah is sitting next to the window. 萨拉挨着窗户坐着。

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Sarah is sitting near the window. 萨拉坐在窗户附近。 3 Put them away, please. 把它们收起来放好。

1) 此句是祈使句,用来表示请求、命令、叮嘱、号召等。

祈使句的谓语用动词原形，它的否定形式多以do not(常用don’t)引起。 e.g. Let’s go! 咱们走吧！ Don’t do that again. 别再那样干了！ 2) put away 把……收起来，把……放回原处。

当宾语是代词it/them时要放在词组中间；宾语是名词时可放在词组中间，也可后置。

e.g. Here are your books. Please put them away. 这些是你的书，请把它们收起来。

Put your clothes away. = Put away your clothes. 请把你的衣服收起来。

4 play with sb./sth. 与某人玩/摆弄，拨弄某物,play with a ball 玩球； play with his sister和他妹妹玩。

play用作及物动词时还可与表示体育运动或游戏的名词连用，体育运动或游戏名词前一般不用the，如:play football/cards/chess踢足球/打牌/下国际象棋； 也可与表示乐器的名词连用，乐器名称前常用the, 如：play the violin/piano/guitar拉小提琴/弹钢琴/弹吉他。 5 look after照顾与take care of照顾、照看同意

e.g. You must look after your sister=You must take care of your sister. 你必须照看你妹妹。 U6T1SC

1 in the center of 意为“在……中央（心）”，

相当于 in the middle of。in the middle of 还可指“在……(时间)的中间”。 e.g. I will go to Beijing in the middle of August. 八月中旬，我要去北京。

2 in the tree 意为“在树上”，表示并非树上固有的，是外来的东西在树上； on the tree“在树上”，表示本来长在树上的叶子或果实。 e.g.There are some birds in the tree. 树上有一些鸟。

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3 on the left of the yard 意为“在院子的左边”， “在……的左/右边”应表达为 on the left/right of ... e.g. on the right of the road 在公路的右边

一、重点语法

There be 句型的用法

There be句型是英语中常见的特殊句型，用以表示某物某事存在或不存在。句中的there只起引导作用，并无实际意义，句子的真正主语是谓语动词be后面的名词。

1、在there be 句型中,谓语动词be要与主语（某人或某物）的数保持一致。当主语是两个或两个以上的名词时，谓语动词要与跟它最近的那个名词一致。 eg. ① There is a bird in the tree.

② There is a teacher and many students in our classroom. ③ There are two boys and a girl under the tree. 2、There be句型与have的区别： 类型 涵侧重 \存在关系\，表示\某地或某侧重 \所属关系\，示\属于……所拥有\的东义时间存在某人/某物\，there只是引西，第三人称用has。如： I have a nice watch. 不导词，无意义。 我有一块好看的手表。 There be Have 同 如：There is a boat in the river.河里 She has a new computer. 有一条船。 她有一台新电脑。 1.肯定式：There is/are+主语+其它。 1.肯定式：主语+have/has+其它。 句2.否定式：There is/are+ not+主语+2.否定式： a)主语+don't/doesn't have+其它； 型其它。 b)主语+haven't/hasn't+其它。 不3.疑问式：--Is/Are there+主语+其3.疑问式：a)--Do/does+主语+have+其它？ 同 它？ --Yes, there is/are. --No, there isn't/aren't --Yes,主语+do/does./No,主语+don't/doesn't. b)--Have/Has+主语+其它？ --Yes,主语+have/has./No,主语第 3 页

+haven't/hasn't. 1.There is +单数主语/不可数主1.主语（第三人称单数）+has+… 如： She has many new clothes. Tom has a nice feather. 主语…如： 谓There is some milk in hte bottle. 一There is a hat on the desk. 致2.There are+复数主语…如：There 2.第一、二人称单数和复数主语+have+… 不are some flowers in the basket. 如: 同 3.There is +单数主语+and+复数主You have some good firends but they have few. 语…如： There is a mouse and two pens on the deak. 4.There are+复数主语+and+单数主语…如：There are two pens and a mouseon the desk. 1.对主语提问一律用\某地/1.对主语提问要用\如： 某时？\结构，其中谓语动词须用Mary has a sweater.--Who has a sweater? is，且there要省略。如：There are We have new brooms.--Who hsve new brooms? 划some pictures on the wall.---What's 2.对宾语提问要用\have/has+主语？线on the wall? /What do does+主语+have…?\如： My father 提2.对地点提问要用\is/are has a big farm . 问there…?\如：There is a black car What 不under the tree.--Where is there a father?/ 同 black car? What does your father has your 3.对主语的数量提问要用\have? many+主语（复数）+are 3.对宾语的数量提问用\many+复数名词there…?/How much+主语（不可数）+have/has+主语？/How much+不可数名词+is there…?\ +have/has+主语？\或\many +复数名词如： There're three people in my +do/does+主语+have?/How much+不可数名family. --How many people are there 词+do/does+主语+have?\in your family? 如：I have two pictures. 第 4 页

There's some rice in the bag. --How many pictures do you have?/How many ---How much rice is there in the bag? pictures have you? there be结构在改为否定或疑问句have 句型在改为否定句时，也应将 some 改为 any. 注时，一般将some改为any. 意 如：There are some dishes on the 如： She has some fruit. desk. --She hasn't/doesn't have any fruit./Has she any --There aren't any dishes on the fruit?/Does she have any fruit? desk./Are there any dishes on the desk? 3、否定句

There be句型的否定式的构成和含有be动词的其它句型一样，在be后加上not或no即可。注意not和no的不同：not是副词，no为形容词，not a/an/any + n. 相当于no+ n.。例如：

There are some pictures on the wall. →There aren't any pictures on the wall. =There are no pictures on the wall.

There is a bike behind the tree. → There isn't a bike behind the tree. =There is no bike behind the tree. 4、特殊疑问句

There be句型的特殊疑问句形式有以下三种变化：

① 对主语提问：当主语是人时，用\\\介词短语?\\\；当主语是物时，用\\\+ 介词短语?\\\。注意：无论原句的主语是单数还是复数，对之提问时一般都用be的单数形式(回答时却要根据实际情况来决定)。如： There are many things over there. →What's over there? There is a little girl in the room.→Who is in the room?

② 对地点状语提问：提问地点当然用\主语?\\\啦！例如： There is a computer on the desk. → Where is the computer?

There are four children on the playground. →Where are the four children? ③ 对数量提问：一般有两种句型结构： How many+复数名词+are there+介词短语？

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