内容发布更新时间 : 2024/12/22 23:19:21星期一 下面是文章的全部内容请认真阅读。
CH3CHCH3BrKOH醇CH3CH=CH2Cl2高温CH2CH=CH2ClCl2CCl4CH2ClCHCH2ClCl
(2)
CH3CH3C=CH2CH3
解:
Br2FeH3CH3CBrMg纯醚H3CMgBr(1) (CH3)2C=O(2) H2O/H+OHCH3CCH3CH3H2SO4?CH3C=CH2 CH3CH32CuLi或:H3CBr2FeH3CBrCH2=CCH3C=CH2 CH3(3) CH3CH=CH2CH2CH=CH2
Br解: CHCH=CHNBS32h?MgBrCH2CH=CH2CH2CH=CH2
(4) CH解
CHCuCl-NH4ClC2H5CCCH=CH2
:
2CHCHCH3CH2BrCHCCH=CH2CCH=CH2Na液NH3NaCCCH=CH2C2H5CH2lindlarCHCHCH2CH2HBrCH3CH2Br
O(5) CHCH2NaHH5C2CCC2H5H
Na/液NH3解:
CHCHH液NH3CF3CO3HNaCCNaHH5C22CH3CH2BrC2H5CCC2H5
C2H5HOCCC2H5H
C=CC2H5(6)
CH2DCH3HCl
ClCH3解:
CH2Mg纯醚MgClCH3D2ODCH3
(十一) 在下列各组化合物中,选择能满足各题具体要求者,并说明理由。
(1) 下列哪一个化合物与KOH醇溶液反应,释放出F-?
(A)
CH2NO2 (B)
O2NF
FCH3解:(B) 。 -NO2的吸电子共轭效应使对位氟的活性大增。
(2) 下列哪一个化合物在乙醇水溶液中放置,能形成酸性溶液? (A)
C(CH3)2 (B) (CHBr3)2CHBr
解:(A) 。 苄基型C-X键活性远远大于苯基型(苄基型C+具有特殊的稳定性)。(3) 下列哪一个与KNH2在液氨中反应,生成两种产物?
BrCHCH33(A)
CH Br3CH3 (B)
BrCH3 (C)
CH3解:(B) HCH3KNHCH3CH32BrCH3(- HBr)CH3+CH3H(I)(II)CH3CH3CH3CHNH2-3H2NCH3+CH3H2N
CH3CH3液NH3H2NCH3+CH3H2N。
CH3CH3NH2-液NH3CH3H2NCH3+H2NCH3CH3
(十二) 由1-溴丙烷制备下列化合物:
(1) 异丙醇
OH解:CHCHCHBr322(2) 1,1,2,2-四溴丙烷 解:CHCHCHBr322KOH醇KOH醇CH3CH=CH2H2SO4H2OCH3CHCH3
CH3CH=CH22Br2CCl4Br2/CCl4BrBr
CH3CHCH2BrBrCH3CCH
BrBrBrNaNH2?(3) 2-溴丙烯
CH3CCH解:由(2)题得到的 CH3C(4) 2-己炔
解:CH3CH2CH2BrCHHBrCH3C=CH2Br2/CCl4NaNH2
KOH醇?CH3CH2CH2BrCH3CCH [参见(2)] CH3CCCH2CH2CH3
CH3CCHNa液NH3CH3CC-Na+(5) 2-溴-2-碘丙烷 解:CH3CH2CH2BrKOH醇Br2/CCl4NaNH2?BrCH3C=CH2HICH3CCH [参见(2)] BrCH3CCHHBrCH3CCH3
I(十三) 由指定原料合成:
(1)
CH3CH=CH2CH2CH2CH2NBSh?
HBr过氧化物解:CH3CH=CH2BrCH2CH=CH2BrCH2CH2CH2Br
Zn?CH2CH2CH2
(2)
CH3CH3CH3CH=CH22HBrCH3CHCHCH3BrZn?
解:
CH3CH3CH3CHCHCH32 CH3CH=CH22 CH3CHCH3
(3) C2H5BrCH3CH2CH=CH2
解:C2H5Br+CHCNaC2H5CCHC2H5C2H5
H2lindlarCH3CH2CH=CH2
(4)
解
OCH3CClAlCl3 ,C6H5NO2:
COCH3Zn-HgHClCH2CH3
BrBr2FeC2H5CH2CH3CuC2H5
?(十四) 由苯和/或甲苯为原料合成下列化合物(其他试剂任选):
(1)
OCH2NO2CH2O+HCl
CH2Cl
解:
ZnCl2