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中国失业问题研究

摘要

改革开放以来，中国一直是世界上经济增长速度最快的国家，作为世界上人口最多的发展中国家，失业问题在中国一直是一个日益尖锐的社会问题。失业所带来的影响是多方面的，它不仅会给失业者的生活水平和切身利益带来巨大的负面影响，而且不利于社会和谐安定，对经济增长和资源的充分利用也会造成很大负面影响。充分就业已成为各国政府宏观经济调控的四大目标之一。因此，研究失业问题具有重要的现实意义。

本文在与宏观经济学相关的理论知识的基础上，首先概括出现阶段经济发展中暴露出的失业问题，并通过一系列数据展现我国的失业现状；通过失业问题现状分析找出我国失业问题的成因 ，最后针对失业的影响因素提出相关政策。

关键词：中国失业问题；现状；影响因素；对策

A STUDY ON THE PROBLEM OF UNEMPLOYMENT IN

CHINA

ABSTRACT

Since the reform and opening up, China has been the fastest growing country in the world. As the most populous developing country in the world, the problem of unemployment has been an increasingly acute social problem in China. The impact of unemployment is multifaceted. It not only brings great negative effects on the living standard and vital interests of the unemployed, but also is not conducive to social harmony and stability. It will also have a great negative impact on the economic growth and the full use of resources. Full employment has become one of the four major objectives of macroeconomic regulation and control of governments. Therefore, the study of unemployment is of great practical significance.

On the basis of the theoretical knowledge related to macroeconomics, this paper first summarizes the unemployment problem exposed in the stage of economic development, and shows the unemployment status of our country through a series of data, and finds out the causes of unemployment in our country through the present situation of unemployment, and finally puts forward relevant policies in the light of the factors affecting the unemployment. Policy.

KEYWORDS: Unemployment in China，Status quo，Influence factor，Countermeasures

目录

摘要(中文) ………………………………………………………………………Ⅰ 摘要(外文)………………………………………………………………………Ⅱ 绪论…………………………………………………………………………………1 1 失业问题 ………………………………………………………………………1 1.1失业的概念与类型…………………………………………………………1

1.1.1失业的概念……………………………………………………………1 1.1.2失业的类型……………………………………………………………1 1.2我国失业问题研究现状……………………………………………………3

1.2.1与我国失业问题相关的因素研究……………………………………3 1.2.2我国失业影响因素的研究现状………………………………………5 2中国失业问题目前的现状………………………………………………………5 2.1城镇登记失业率保持在较高水平…………………………………………5 2.2农村剩余劳动力数量庞大…………………………………………………6 2.3下岗职工再就业形势严峻…………………………………………………7 2.4大学毕业生成为新的失业群体……………………………………………7 3中国失业问题的成因……………………………………………………………8 3.1劳动力增长过快……………………………………………………………8 3.2劳动力素质偏低……………………………………………………………9 3.3相关法律法规和政策不健全……………………………………………10 3.4经济体制转轨、产业结构调整的必然结果………………………………10 3.5金融风暴影响……………………………………………………………11 4失业问题治理的政策选择……………………………………………………11 4.1实施积极的就业政策……………………………………………………12 4.2大力发展职业教育，提高劳动者就业能力………………………………12 4.3建立失业预警系统，完善社会保障制度…………………………………13 4.4优化产业结构……………………………………………………………13 4.5扩大内需，降低金融风暴对失业的影响…………………………………14 结论 ………………………………………………………………………………14 参考文献 …………………………………………………………………………16 谢辞 ………………………………………………………………………………17