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According to Office Party of mass line education practice activities led group of unified arrangements, units main led to for cadres workers Shang a times party lecture, due to himself level limited, only put this stage concentrated learning of experience today and everyone common with learning exchange, purpose is let we further deep understanding mass line of connotation, insisted party of mass line, do masses work, following main from four a aspects told: a, and full awareness party of mass line education practice activities of major meaning Party's 18 major distinct proposed to focus on the party's advanced nature and purity, in the party, with \c and clean for the people\n content of the party's mass line and educational practice. This is comrade XI Jinping as party General Secretary and adhere to strictly administering the party, strengthen the party's major decision is in line with the public expectations and strengthening the construction of learning-oriented service innovation of Marxist party's major deployment, is the important measure to advance the great cause of socialism with Chinese characteristics. First, carry out the party's mass line in education practice, was carrying 18 of the party spirit, summon a powerful force for realizing the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation the Chinese dream of urgent needs. Party's 18 to promote strategic deployment to building socialism with Chinese characteristics, presents two 100-year goal, namely, by 2020 China's gross domestic product and per capita income of urban and rural residents in 2010 on the basis of double complete the building of a well-off society; the middle of this century into a prosperous, democratic, civilized and harmonious Socialist modern country, and on this basis, the Chinese dream of realizing the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation. 18 Congress of the party, Comrade XI Jinping repeatedly expounded the Chinese dream. The basic connotation of the Chinese dream, is the national prosperity, national revitalization, the happiness of the people, China important to follow is to keep China Road, carry forward the spirit and cohesion strength of China, dream dreams of the people of China, but determined confidence, enhance self-awareness, achieve self-reliance, to build a stronger China, civilization, harmony, beauty, China, China, China. Strategic conception of China was 18 the spirit of the enrichment and development of the party, conscientiously study the Chinese dream, leading people to hard to realize the Chinese dream, mass education activities in depth the fundamental starting point and ending point. Strengthen the education of the party's mass line, helps to train the collective consciousness of the unity of the party and the people, playing the Chinese dream ideological bases. Comrade Mao Zedong stressed that parties should have %uage\History has 第一单元
1课 藤野先生
一、1. fēi jì pá jié sù dìng pōu qī piē 2.鉴 蔼 畸 逊 寓 匿 疾 诲 聊 3.(1)借口。 (2)指改朝换代后仍眷念前朝不肯归顺新朝的人。 (3)这里是反语，丑陋。(4)这里是反语，指十分熟知一些无聊的事。(5)这里是反语，指那些为军阀政客张目而自命为“正人君子”的文人。(6)这里指学校里发生过的一些事情。 4.(1)周树人绍兴文学思想革命(2)《朝花夕拾》《阿长与<山海经)》《从百草园到三味书屋》《呐喊》《彷徨》《野草》
二、(一) 5.“这样”指“清国留学生”的种种丑态丑行。“无非”是只不过的意思，表达了作者对东京的失望之情。这句话引出前两段内容，表达作者对“清国留学生”的厌恶和反感，为下文到别的地方去看看埋下了伏笔。 6.厌恶、鄙弃的态度。通过描写“清国留学生”观樱花的丑态和学跳舞的丑行来表现的，并运用比喻、夸张、反语等修辞手法加强这种表达效果。 7.“时时记起”是由于“在我所认为我师之中，他是最使我感激，给我鼓励的一个”“他的性格，在我的眼里和心里是伟大的”。藤野先生的伟大人格主要体现在两方面：一是对工作极为认真，对学生极为负责；二是毫无狭隘的民族偏见。 8.答案举例：作者两次易地求学，两次辗转奔波，都贯穿着爱国主义情怀。文章开头写对东京的清国留学生的失望和厌恶，是作者爱国思想的表现；往仙台途中记得“日暮里”，也有“日暮乡关何处是”的家国愁思；记得“水户”，是因为这里是富有民族气节和爱国情感的抗清志士朱舜水客死之地，这也是作者爱国感情的表现。 9.略 10.(1)这些词语表现了藤野先生对工作的热忱、负责、一丝不苟的品质，也写出了“我”的吃惊、对先生的感激及内心的不安。(2)“喝采”说明这些闲人已经麻木到令人震惊的程度，表现了作者极其沉痛的情感。“何尝”表达了作者强烈的愤慨。
(二) 11.有才学，工作极端认真，管理严格。善于教育学生，热爱学生。 12.详写了“我”犯错而被教育；略写了老师的严厉，“我”的造句受到表扬，老师带“我”吃油茶以及坐错车。好处是：突出老师对“我”的教育，同时也表现老师的其他方面的性格特点，使老师的形象鲜明而富有个性。 13.(1)对“我”犯错的不满，为“我”回避惩罚而生气、惋惜。(2)为犯错而脸红，为同学替自己辩护而感害羞，为自己逃避惩罚而惭愧，为有负华老师的希望而不安。 14.朴实、亲切、含蓄、委婉、平淡中蕴含深情。
2课 我的母亲
一、1.shù shù bó shi zhōu zhì shù mó 2.栗 馈 嶂 漠 3.(1)这里是相对文静而言，无贬义。指那些身体强健、敢于淘气，能在游戏中冒险的孩子。(2)形容人谈吐、举止文雅的样子。(3)指言语举止带有轻佻和玩弄的意味。(4)文中指卑劣、不道德。 4.(1)指桑骂槐 (2)心
roved that a people and a nation, if it does not have its own spiritual pillar, there is no unity of spiritual support, it means that no soul, will lose cohesion and vitality. Figuratively speaking, a sack of potatoes, quantity cannot be too a team, form a joint force; only like granite, so closely United to form invincible, no difficult means of strength. National rejuvenation of Chinese dream, not only embodies the common interests and pursuits, and covers a variety of groups and classes, has a wide applicability and inclusive, with a strong integrating force and lead the force. She embodies the aspirations of several generations of Chinese, reflecting today ... Into sex and purity, and the inevitable requirement of constantly improving the party's governing capacity. Strengthening the construction of the advanced nature and purity, the core problem is always maintaining the party's flesh-and-blood ties with the masses, so that our party will always be the most wholehearted support of the masses. Must take the fundamental interests of the overwhelming majority of the people as the party all the starting point and ending point, the party has always been a common fate with the masses, this is the magic weapon for our party to always maintain the advanced nature and purity. Strengthening the construction of party's advanced nature and purity and enhancing the party's ruling ability will eventually be implemented to realize, safeguard and develop the fundamental interests of the overwhelming majority of the people. All the work merits this is a measure of the party's fundamental standards, is a measure of the party's advanced nature and purity standards. Believe who, depending on who, who, standing on the position of the overwhelming majority of the people are always, always realize, safeguard and develop the fundamental interests of the overwhelming majority of the people, it is a touchstone of the Marxist partyof judgement, is also sign of Marxist party is different from other political parties. Marxist political party has a clear political position and historical mission: for the interests of the vast majority of people, committed to the fundamental interests of the overwhelming majority of the people. From the day of the establishment of the Chinese Communist Party, always adhere to basic principles of historical materialism, for the interests of the most people as their goal, always serving as its fundamental purpose and values. Fully trust the masses, closely rely on the masses maintain flesh-and-blood ties with the masses is always the source of our party full of vigor and vitality, is always the most determined in the development of our party and our country. Conscientiously accept supervision by the masses, pay attention to listen to the masses ' assessment, which itself was the party's advanced nature and purity into practical action to realize the fundamental interests of the overwhelming majority of the people. At present, the party committees and leading cadres and the Government generally value the close relations with the masses, do a lot of productive workbut there are still some According to Office Party of mass line education practice activities led group of unified arrangements, units main led to for cadres workers Shang a times party lecture, due to himself level limited, only put this stage concentrated learning of experience today and everyone common with learning exchange, purpose is let we further deep understanding mass line of connotation, insisted party of mass line, do masses work, following main from four a aspects told: a, and full awareness party of mass line education practice activities of major meaning Party's 18 major distinct proposed to focus on the party's advanced nature and purity, in the party, with \c and clean for the people\n content of the party's mass line and educational practice. This is comrade XI Jinping as party General Secretary and adhere to strictly administering the party, strengthen the party's major decision is in line with the public expectations and strengthening the construction of learning-oriented service innovation of Marxist party's major deployment, is the important measure to advance the great cause of socialism with Chinese characteristics. First, carry out the party's mass line in education practice, was carrying 18 of the party spirit, summon a powerful force for realizing the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation the Chinese dream of urgent needs. Party's 18 to promote strategic deployment to building socialism with Chinese characteristics, presents two 100-year goal, namely, by 2020 China's gross domestic product and per capita income of urban and rural residents in 2010 on the basis of double complete the building of a well-off society; the middle of this century into a prosperous, democratic, civilized and harmonious Socialist modern country, and on this basis, the Chinese dream of realizing the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation. 18 Congress of the party, Comrade XI Jinping repeatedly expounded the Chinese dream. The basic connotation of the Chinese dream, is the national prosperity, national revitalization, the happiness of the people, China important to follow is to keep China Road, carry forward the spirit and cohesion strength of China, dream dreams of the people of China, but determined confidence, enhance self-awareness, achieve self-reliance, to build a stronger China, civilization, harmony, beauty, China, China, China. Strategic conception of China was 18 the spirit of the enrichment and development of the party, conscientiously study the Chinese dream, leading people to hard to realize the Chinese dream, mass education activities in depth the fundamental starting point and ending point. Strengthen the education of the party's mass line, helps to train the collective consciousness of the unity of the party and the people, playing the Chinese dream ideological bases. Comrade Mao Zedong stressed that parties should have %uage\ory has照不宣 5.《胡适自传》 胡适 胡洪骍（xīng） 适之宽容、善良、温和、刚强 怀念和感激之情 6.(1)《三国演义》如：诸葛亮借东风、空城计；刘备三顾茅庐等。司马徽、庞统、徐庶。 (2)《水浒传》 卢俊义活捉史文恭 花荣大闹清风寨等。
二、(一) 7.文章前三段写作者的性格特点和童年生活，一方面写出了自己童年的爱好、快乐，另一方面也写出了儿童好玩的天性；既写了童年生活的单调和失落，也写出了环境与教育对一个人性格的养成所起的作用。总的来说，作者在前三段想表明他的童年生活，除了看书之外，是贫乏的，是有缺憾的，正是在这一背景下，是母亲“给了我一点儿做人的训练”，这不仅弥足珍贵，而且影响巨大。因此，前三个自然段非但不是闲笔，反而为写母亲起到很好的铺垫作用，并且与文末相呼应。 8.三个“如果”，都是用假设的语气表现作者对母亲教育自己的感激之情。作者当时已经是一个著名的学者，然而他仍然这样谦虚地说自己在做人方面的态度，这足以表明母亲对作者做人方面的教育的重要作用。 9.本文多以叙述性语言为主，在真切的语言中蕴含着真挚、发自内心的情感。如“每天天刚亮时，我母亲就把我喊醒，叫我披衣坐起。”“我母亲23岁做了寡妇，又是当家的后母。这种生活的痛苦，我的笨笔写不出一万分之一二”等等，字里行间饱含感情，充满了对母亲的敬爱之情。
(二) 10.主要写母亲对“我”的管教、在学习上的督促和在做人方面的训导。 11.在做人方面，母亲对“我”的管教近乎严厉，每天天刚亮，把“我”叫醒，反思前一天的错误并认错。“她从来不在别人面前骂我一句，打我一下。”在行罚时，不许“我”“哭出声音来”。“我”因为说了一句轻薄的话而受到重重的责罚。 12.母亲听了“我”一句轻薄的话后，重重地责罚我；“用舌头舔我的病眼”。这些充分表现了“我的母亲”既是“严师”又是“慈母”。 13.(1)作者以童年的视角回忆往事，如实道来，暗含对母亲的敬仰与感激。(2)母亲爱子之深，平实的语言中含着我对母亲的感激。 14.略。
(三) 15.前句讲我的感觉，母亲没有再看过我；后句讲母亲对我的爱抚并未因我的不耐烦而停止，只是做得更隐蔽。16.(1)天空 礁石 河床 执着和深情(2)略 17.躺在母亲的爱抚里，你是幸福的；母亲欣赏并爱抚着自己的孩子，也是一种享受和幸福。 18.本题是开放性试题，题干提示了思考方向：(1)养子才知父母恩，只有体验过的事情才能更深刻地理解。(2)当你拥有某种东西的时候，却不懂得珍惜它；当你失去它时，才倍感它的珍贵。(3)理解并珍惜亲情等其他言之成理的说法。
3课 我的第一本书
一、1.shài cǎn lài shú zhòu ju hōng tiáo wǎng fù yǎ tiáo 2.(1)温和宽厚。(2)喜欢而心安。(3)痛苦(多指生活上的折磨)。(4)白白地。 3.(1)叙述(2)描写(3)抒情4.(1)、 、 ，《 》《 》《 》《 》 。 (2)：“ 。 ， ， ‘ ’ ‘ ’ 。”
roved that a people and a nation, if it does not have its own spiritual pillar, there is no unity of spiritual support, it means that no soul, will lose cohesion and vitality. Figuratively speaking, a sack of potatoes, quantity cannot be too a team, form a joint force; only like granite, so closely United to form invincible, no difficult means of strength. National rejuvenation of Chinese dream, not only embodies the common interests and pursuits, and covers a variety of groups and classes, has a wide applicability and inclusive, with a strong integrating force and lead the force. She embodies the aspirations of several generations of Chinese, reflecting today ... Into sex and purity, and the inevitable requirement of constantly improving the party's governing capacity. Strengthening the construction of the advanced nature and purity, the core problem is always maintaining the party's flesh-and-blood ties with the masses, so that our party will always be the most wholehearted support of the masses. Must take the fundamental interests of the overwhelming majority of the people as the party all the starting point and ending point, the party has always been a common fate with the masses, this is the magic weapon for our party to always maintain the advanced nature and purity. Strenghening the construction of party's advanced nature and purity and enhancing the party's ruling ability will eventually be implemented to realize, safeguard and develop the fundamental interests of the overwhelming majority of the people. All the work merits this is a measure of the party's fundamental standards, is a measure of the party's advanced nature and purity standards. Believe who, depending on who, who, standing on the position of the overwhelming majority of the people are always, always realize, safeguard and develop the fundamental interests of the overwhelming majority of the people, it is a touchstone of the Marxist party of judgement, is also sign of Marxist party is different from other political parties. Marxist political party has a clear political position and historical mission: for the interests of the vast majority of people, committed to the fundamental interests of the overwhelming majority of the people. From the day of the establishment of the Chinese Communist Party, always adhere to basic principles of historical materialism, for the interests of the most people as their goal, always serving as its fundamental purpose and values. Fully trust the masses, closely rely on the masses maintain flesh-and-blood ties with the masses is always the source of our party full of vigor and vitality, is always the most determined in the development of our party and our country. Conscientiously accept supervision by the masses, pay attention to listen to the masses ' assessment, which itself was the party's advanced nature and purity into practical action to realize the fundamental interests of the overwhelming majority of the people. At present, the party committees and leading cadres and the Government generally value the close relations with the masses, do a lot of productive workbut there are still some According to Office Party of mass line education practice activities led group of unified arrangements, units main led to for cadres workers Shang a times party lecture, due to himself level limited, only put this stage concentrated learning of experience today and everyone common with learning exchange, purpose is let we further deep understanding mass line of connotation, insisted party of mass line, do masses work, following main from four a aspects told: a, and full awareness party of mass line education practice activities of major meaning Party's 18 major distinct proposed to focus on the party's advanced nature and purity, in the party, with \c and clean for the people\n content of the party's mass line and educational practice. This is comrade XI Jinping as party General Secretary and adhere to strictly administering the party, strengthen the party's major decision is in line with the public expectations and strengthening the construction of learning-oriented service innovation of Marxist party's major deployment, is the important measure to advance the great cause of socialism with Chinese characteristics. First, carry out the party's mass line in education practice, was carrying 18 of the party spirit, summon a powerful force for realizing the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation the Chinese dream of urgent needs. Party's 18 to promote strategic deployment to building socialism with Chinese characteristics, presents two 100-year goal, namely, by 2020 China's gross domestic product and per capita income of urban and rural residents in 2010 on the basis of double complete the building of a well-off society; the middle of this century into a prosperous, democratic, civilized and harmonious Socialist modern country, and on this basis, the Chinese dream of realizing the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation. 18 Congress of the party, Comrade XI Jinping repeatedly expounded the Chinese dream. The basic connotation of the Chinese dream, is the national prosperity, national revitalization, the happiness of the people, China important to follow is to keep China Road, carry forward the spirit and cohesion strength of China, dream dreams of the people of China, but determined confidence, enhance self-awareness, achieve self-reliance, to build a stronger China, civilization, harmony, beauty, China, China, China. Strategic conception of China was 18 the spirit of the enrichment and development of the party, conscientiously study the Chinese dream, leading people to hard to realize the Chinese dream, mass education activities in depth the fundamental starting point and ending point. Strengthen the education of the party's mass line, helps to train the collective consciousness of the unity of the party and the people, playing the Chinese dream ideological bases. Comrade Mao Zedong stressed that parties should have %uage\ory has 5.略。 6．鲁迅：《故乡》《孔乙己》《社戏》等；周作人：《故乡的野菜》《乌篷船》《喝茶》等；朱自清：《背影》《荷塘月色》《匆匆》《春》等。
二、(一) 7.自然地引出下文。 8.因为他不想让元贞由于没有课本而失学。 9.因为这第一本书蕴含着父子之情、同学之情，乃至那困难时期的可贵的生活情趣。这是生命最初的快乐和梦幻。 10.作者对童年的感受是辛酸的，童年没有幽默，童年生活得很沉重，不仅自己家，几乎所有家庭都生活在生存的底线上，但是无论童年怎样艰难，也抹不去童年与生俱来的好奇、天真和淘气。 11.略。 12.打动我们的还有：①父子之情；②淳朴、无私、善良的同学、朋友之情；③父亲的温和、善良，理解并尊重孩子，对孩子负责，乐于助人；④乔元贞的不幸命运等。 (二) 13.文中的父亲是一个淳朴、勤劳的农民。他善良、正直、有点固执，深爱着自己的儿子。14.文章主要记叙了一个雨夜，白发的父亲为我挑书的感人故事，赞颂了父亲深沉无私的爱以及对“我”的希望和鼓励，表达了“我”要继续努力、积极进取的决心。 15.(1)做人不能虚浮，要脚踏实地，多做实事。(2)“我”感受到了父亲给予“我”的激励，努力向前。 16.“白发苍苍”“修长的身子”、背“压成弓形”等，这些描写形象生动地写出了父亲的苍老、艰难，表现出父亲无私的深沉的爱以及“我”内心的感动。
4课 列夫·托尔斯泰
一、1.郁 凹 崎 鄙 碍 慈 陋 魂 2.略 3.《三作家》《战争与和平》《安娜·卡列尼娜》 4.(1)比喻(2)比喻、夸张 5.(1)意识(2)躺避(3)柔和 和蔼(4)扯掉 撕烂
二、(一) 6.选文主要描写托尔斯泰那非同寻常的眼睛。 7.第6段是抓住托尔斯泰目光的犀利特点去写。“像枪弹穿透了伪装的甲胄，像金刚刀切开了玻璃”形象精妙地写出托尔斯泰的眼睛深刻、准确的洞察力。 8.托尔斯泰的眼睛蕴藏着丰富的感情：“愤怒使之冷峻，不悦使之结冰，友善使之和缓，激情使之炽烈如火。”“在优美动人的音乐影响下，它们可以像村妇那样热泪涟涟。精神上感到满足自在时，它们可以闪闪发光”，“它们可以变得冷酷锐利，可以像手术刀……”用高尔基的话说：“托尔斯泰这对眼睛里有一百只眼珠。” 9.课文前半部分写托尔斯泰外貌的平庸甚至丑陋，原来粗鄙的外表是用来保护精美的珠宝的。这是用了欲扬先抑的艺术手法。写他平庸甚至丑陋的外表，正是用来反衬他灵魂的高贵，反衬他的眼睛的精美绝伦。 10.二者并不矛盾。“能够看清真相的人”常是痛苦的，这就是我们常说的智者的痛苦，如果他既是智者又是仁者，那么痛苦将是双倍的。托尔斯泰正是这样的人，他看透了暴政、丑恶、虚伪和苦难，也看清了造成人问种种罪恶的原因，并尽己毕生努力去改变它，但总是事与愿违，这才是最大的痛苦。晚年的托尔斯泰厌弃贵族生活，决然放弃财产，以致和家人产生矛盾，最后毅然离家出走，而客死于途中
roved that a people and a nation, if it does not have its own spiritual pillar, there is no unity of spiritual support, it means that no soul, will lose cohesion and vitality. Figuratively speaking, a sack of potatoes, quantity cannot be too a team, form a joint force; only like granite, so closely United to form invincible, no difficult means of strength. National rejuvenation of Chinese dream, not only embodies the common interests and pursuits, and covers a variety of groups and classes, has a wide applicability and inclusive, with a strong integrating force and lead the force. She embodies the aspirations of several generations of Chinese, reflecting today ... Into sex and purity, and the inevitable requirement of constantly improving the party's governing capacity. Strengthening the construction of the advanced nature and purity, the core problem is always maintaining the party's flesh-and-blood ties with the masses, so that our party will always be the most wholehearted support of the masses. Must take the fundamental interests of the overwhelming majority of the people as the party all the starting point and ending point, the party has always been a common fate with the masses, this is the magic weapon for our party to always maintain the advanced nature and purity. Strengthening the construction of party's advanced nature and purity and enhancing the party's ruling ability will eventually be implemented to realize, safeguard and develop the fundamental interests of the overwhelming majority of the people. All the work merits this is a measure of the party's fundamental standards, is a measure of the party's advanced nature and purity standards. Believe who, depending on who, who, standing on the position of the overwhelming majority of the people are always, always realize, safeguard and develop the fundamental interests of the overwhelming majority of the people, it is a touchstone of the Marxist party of judgement, is also sign of Marxist party is different from other political parties. Marxist political party has a clear political position and historical mission: for the interests of the vast majority of people, committed to the fundamental interests of the overwhelming majority of the people. From the day of the establishment of the Chinese Communist Party, always adhere to basic principles of historical materialism, for the interests of the most people as their goal, always serving as its fundamental purpose and values. Fully trust the masses, closely rely on the masses maintain flesh-and-blood ties with the masses is always the source of our party full of vigor and vitality, is always the most determined in the development of our party and our country. Conscientiously accept supervision by the masses, pay attention to listen to the masses ' assessment, which itself was the party's advanced nature and purity into practical action to realize the fundamental interests of the overwhelming majority of the people. At present, the party committees and leading cadres and the Government generally value the close relations with the masses, do a lot of productive workbut there are still some