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8. Operations research Task 2：

1. Here are a few simple examples of prescriptive mathematics that extended from single numbers to exceedingly complex systems:…(Line 1,para.8,Text A)

2. Admittedly this is rather vague, but it will clarify a bit as I go on and mention a few of the many examples that Baker gives:…(Line 8, para.10, Text A) Task 3 Formal language 1. exists 2. included 3. explained 4. model 5. get

6. environment

7. knowledgeable person; in which 8. until now

9. fix ideas of (caution) in one’s mind

Unit 7

Task 1: Specialized vocabulary Part 1 1. -h 2.-f 3.-a 4.-j 5.-i 6.-b 7.-d 8.-g 9.-c

10.-e Part 2：

1. To achieve professional development isimportant as a means to the end of becoming an expert and gaining more flexibility and independence

2. Numerous studies over the last 30 years have suggested that personality is a powerful predictor of a person's life satisfaction

3. An employee's work orientation is shaped in the first instance by their understanding of “what work is about” 4. The government is trying to introduce new measures to create a better social safety net and encourage better worker pay

5. Money has been used as the incentive of many intelligence contests in TV program Task 2： 1. The present perfect tense（现在完成时） emphasizes that people’s conception about what money can bring them has changed greatly

2. The tense switches from the present to the past to manifest that an example is

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given

3.The tense switches between the present and the past to produce a comparison of different interpretations of a “calling”in different times

Task 3 Formal language

1. pour heart and soul into :spare no efforts,try one's best

what will stimulate\\encourage a worker to try his best in making good products?

2. lure：temptation

grueling：working exhaustedly

People are no longer so tempted by the dream of becoming rich by working exhaustedly 80 hours a week for several years in a humble position

3. lowly job：humble job recrafted： turned

He might be doing a humble job， but he would turn it into a great mission

4. entails：requires

A career requires more devotion to work

5. contributing to：being beneficial to connotation：implication People who regard their work as a calling\\great mission think that what they do helps serve the public and brings benefits to our society， and therefore it's quite proper to say that a mission\\calling implies something similar to religious beliefs

Unit8

Task 1 Specialized vocabulare

1. cultural tradition 文化传统 2. social stability 社会稳定 3. distinct identity 鲜明特色 4. edge effect 边缘效应 5. organic evolution 有机界进化 6. mutual respect 相互尊重 7.political correctness 政治正确性

1.organic evolution 2. mutual respect 3. Edge effect

4. social stability

5. political correctness 6. cultural tradition 7. distinct identity

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Task 2 Signpost language 1. Through; through; through 2. not just; but 3. first 4. second 5. next 6. final

7.not only; but also

Task 3 Formal English

1. develop 2. combined

3. skillful performers 4. obvious

5. friendly 6. getting rid of

7. combine 8. changed

9. imagine 10. a large number of

Unit 9

Task 1 Specialized vocabulary 1 D 医疗 2 J 基因分型

3 F 内窥镜检查 4 A 生物技术

5 H 诊断 6 C 分子的

7 I 治疗方案 8 E 医生

9 G 外科医生的；手术的 10 B 胶囊

1 diagnosis 2 surgical 3 Biotechnology 4 healthcare 5 protocols 6 molecular

Task 2 Signpost language 1 known as

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2 referred to as 3 call

4 describe 5 mean

Task 3 Formal English 1 increases 2 marked 3 arrival/ coming 4 replaced 5 move away 6 filled

Unit 10

Task 1 Specialized vocabulary

1 b 2 k 3 f 4 j

5 g 6 i 7 e 8 c 9 h 10 a 11 d

1 syntactic patterns 2 Language faculty

3 neural system 4 underlying logic

5 evolutionary adaptation 6 formal instruction

7 mental organ 8 natural selection

Task 2 Signpost language

1 for 2 led to 3 because

4 Therefore 5 Therefore

6 because; because

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7 So

Task 3 Formal English

1 explanation/interpretation; impacts

2 is present all over; analyze/explain/interpret

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