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初中非谓语动词句型归纳

一. 动词不定式

1. 主语+decide (hope, agree, choose, fail, wish, learn等)+to do sth. 例如： I hope to go to school next week.

She agrees to get someone to help her.

2. 主语+ask (tell, get, wish, like, want, teach, know等)+宾语+to do sth. 例如： He asked me to come here early. She told us not to worry about her.

3. 主语+be +happy (glad, pleased, angry, sorry, careful, ready, nice, lucky,等) +to do sth. 例如： I'm glad to see you again. I'm sorry to hear that.

4. 主语+think (make, find, feel等)+it +形容词（名词）+to do sth. 例如： I found it very important to learn English well. I think it possible to finish the work this week. 5. ...too+形容词（副词）+（for sb.）+to do sth. ...+形容词（副词）enough +to do sth. 例如：

The boy is too young to go to school.= The boy is not old enough to go to school.

= The boy is so young that he can't go to school.

6. It's +careful (clever, kind, good, right, wrong等)+of sb.+ to do sth.

It's +difficult (easy, hard , important, interesting等)+for sb.+to do sth. 例如： It's kind of you to help me.

It's hard for you to learn English well.

注意：这两个句型的区别是，当somebody与形容词有逻辑上的主谓关系时用of; 当

somebody与形容词没有这种关系时用for。

7. It takes sb. some time +to do sth.这个结构中，It是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的动词不

定式结构。 例如：

It took me about three hours to finish my homework yesterday. 注意：表示“花费”的类似句型还有，Sb. spends some time (money) on sth. Or (in)doing sth.(某

人做什么用了多少时间/某人买什么花了多少钱)；Sth. costs sb. some money.(买什么花 了某人多少钱)；Sb. pays some money for sth.(某人买什么花了多少钱) 如： I spent an hours on (in doing) my homework. The pen cost me two yuan. I paid two yuan for the pen. 8. 疑问词+to do sth. 例如：

I don't know when to hold the party. How to do it is still a question.

9. Why+(not) do sth.…,Would (Will)you please (not)do sth.和 had better (not) do sth. 例如：

Why not go there by bike?

Would you please take me to the park this Sunday? You'd better not go there by youself.

10. 主语+feel (listen to/ hear, let/ make/ have, see/ watch/ notice /look at/ help )+宾语+do sth.

例如：

He made us work for a long time yesterday.

Who had you be so careless?

注意：hear, see等感觉动词常接doing sth.表示动作发生过程或强调和谓语动作同时发生。

如：He saw Tom sitting on some eggs when he went into the room. I heard her singing a song when I passed her room.

11. 主语+like/ love/ hate/ begin/ start等+to do sth.(doing sth.) 例如： Tom likes to ask ( asking ) some strange questions. We begin to work ( working ) at seven every day.

12. 主语+remember/ forget to do sth.记住（忘记）要做某事（动作还没发生） 主语+remember/ forget doing sth.记住（忘记）曾做过某事（动作已发生） 主语+stop to do sth.停下来（正做的事）去做另一件事 主语+stop doing sth.停下正做的事

主语+try to do sth.设法（试图）去做某事 主语+try doing sth.试着做某事 例如：

Don't forget to close the door when you leave. I forgot taking whose book .

Stop smoking. It's bad for your health.

We've worked all the morning. Let's stop to have a rest.

He tried to solve the problem, but he failed. He is trying another way. 二. 现在分词（动名词）

1. 主语+enjoy/ finish/ mind/ keep (on)/ miss/ feel等 +doing sth.例如： My parents enjoy walking in the park after supper. The artist can finish drawing a horse in five minutes. 2. be busy (in)doing sth. give up/can't help doing sth. thanks for/ be used for/ look forward to doing sth. 例如： He is busy mending his bike.

She couldn't help crying when she heard the news. Thank you for helping us.

I look forward to meeting you again.

3. spend...(in)doing sth. stop... from doing sth. keep/ see/ hear sb. doing sth. 例如：

I spend two hours (in) reading book every day.

The Great Green Wall will stop the wind from blowing the earth away. Why did you keep me waiting for a long time? I saw him playing football just now.

He is hearing me singing a new song now.

注意: see, hear等词的这种用法与后面接动词不定式作宾补在意义是有区别的（见前

文）。

4. How (What) about doing sth.? 例如：

What (How) about playing basketball after school? 5. stop doing sth. (停止做某事）

remember/forget doing sth.(记住/忘记曾做过的一件事) try doing sth.(试一试，试试看）例如：

The baby stopped crying and listened to the music.

I remember seeing him in Beijing.

She is trying reading the book in English. 注意和接动词不定式意义的区别。

6. like/ love/ hate/ begin/ start doing sth. 例如： Uncle Wang likes making model planes.

He likes swimming, but he doesn't like to swim today. 7. need/ want doing sth.(表示被动意义) 例如：

The trees need watering.=The trees need to be watered. Your hair wants cutting.=Your hair wants to be cut. 三. 过去分词

1. 主语+be +过去分词。这是被动语态的基本结构，表示主语是动作的承受者。初中只要求

学生掌握一般现在时、一般过去时和情态动词的被动语态的结构及用法。例如： History is made by the people. (一般现在时的被动) These computers were made in Shanghai. (一般过去时的被动) English must be studied in our school. (情态动词的被动)

2. see/ hear/ notice/ watch/ keep/ find/ get/ have/ feel/ leave/ 等+宾语+过去分词 （作宾语补

语）。过去分词作“宾补”除了表示被动含义外，还表示已完成的动作或由别人来完成的 动作。例如：

I'll have my hair cut. (我要去理发。)

I have to get my bike repaired. (我得请人给我修自行车。) She got her leg broken. (她的腿折了。) 3. 主语+be +过去分词（作表语）。作表语的过去分词表示主语的特点或所处的状态。例如:

The shop is now closed .

The old woman looks very worried. The ground is covered with snow. He is interested in English.

注意：这种结构和被动结构的主要差别是，被动结构表示一个动作，带表语的结构表

示主语的特点或所处的状态。例如：

The book is well written. 这书写得很好。

The book was written by a soldier. 这书是一位战士写的。 巩固练习:

用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空，使句子完整、正确。

1. Sometimes we find her _____________ (drive) the tractor on the farm.

2. Li Lei is asking his uncle, an English teacher, _____________(help) him think of a foreign name. 3. --- Hi! Li Hong. I didn't see you at the party.

--- Oh, I was busy _______________(get) ready for the coming exams.

4. The old men enjoy ______________ (listen) to the singing of the birds in the park. 5. The girl _______________ (stand) under the tree is my cousin Kate.

6. Books _______________ (write) in easy English are very popular among Chinese middle school students. 7. Why did you keep your brother _______________ (wait) for a long time that evening? 8. I found the door ______________ (close) when I got home.

9. When they met again, they were too excited ____________ (say) a word. 10. Through the window, I saw some boys _____________ (play) basketball. 11. He didn't finish _____________ (write) the book until last week.

12. --- How long did it take you ___________ (do) your homework yesterday? --- About half an hour.

13. Let me _______(help) you _____________ (water) the flowers. 14. My watch doesn't work. It needs _______________ (repair).

15. _______ (take) good care of the vegetables, and they will grow better. 16. How much time did you spend _______________ (watch) TV last night?

17. I prefer _____________ (read) books at home rather than ___________(go) shopping

on Sundays. 18. It's going _____________ (rain). You'd better __________ (take) an umbrella with

you. 19. I often hear people ___________ (say) “__________ (see) is __________ (believe)”. 20. Though he often made his deskmate ________ (cry), today he was made

___________ (cry) by his deskmate. 21. ______________ (repair) my TV set cost me 100 yuan.

22. There are a number of students waiting to get _______________ (examine). 23. It's too cold. Let's make a fire ______________ (warm) ourselves up. 24. You don't need _____________ (worry) about your friend. He is safe at home. 25. We haven't yet decided whether ____________ (get) there by bus or by bike. 26. Would you please ___________ (make) a little more room for the old woman?

27. Excuse me for ___________ (come) in without being asked.

28. Little Sandy would love _______________(take) to the cinema this evening. 29. Mr Black gave up __________ (smoke) only a few years ago. He looks very healthy

now. 30. I'm hungry. Get me something ________________ (eat).

答案：

1. driving 2. to help 3. getting 4. listening 5. standing 6. written 7. waiting 8. closed 9. to say 10. playing

11. writing 12. to do 13. help; (to)water 14. repairing 15. Taking 16. (in) watching 17. to read; go 18. to rain; take

19. say; Seeing; believing 20. cry; to cry 21. Repairing 22. examined 23. to warm 24. to worry 25. to get

26. make 27. coming 28. to be taken 29. smoking 30. to eat

强化训练：

I．根据句意，用所给动词的适当形式填空。

1. Is it necessary __________________ (learn) a foreign language? 2. He is good at ___________________ (swim).

3. Do you have anything ______________ (say) for yourself? 4. It’s spring now. It’s time ________________ (plant) trees. 5. Don’t keep me _____________ (wait) for a long time.

6. The policeman told the boys not ____________(play) in the street. 7. Her son is too young _____________ (dress) himself.

8. The ice _____________ (cover) with snow is dangerous to walk on. 9. China doesn’t want ______________ (copy) the USA’s example. 10. Let’s __________(have) a rest, shall we?

11. The speaker spoke too quickly for us _________________ (understand). 12. The book seems easy ______________ (read).

13. I asked him _______________ (show) me his new pen.

14. A ____________ (break) car is parked at the corner of the road. 15. Knives are used for ______________ (cut) things. 16. What’s his _____________(give) name, do you know? 17. I really don’t know what __________ (do) next.

18. I often hear people _____________ (say) “__________(see) is ____________(believe)”. 19. You’d better _________ (try) this medicine.

20. They said they had nothing ______________ (worry) about. 21. Can you finish ___________ (read) the book in three days?

22. I have been busy all these days. I really want _______________ (relax) myself. 23. The doctor was busy ____________ (operate) on the boy at that time. 24. Mary opened the door for him _____________ (come) in.

25. ____________ (tell) you the truth, I dislike making friends with him.