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阅读理解(五) 事物介绍

A [2019·原创]

Wikieisa14-year-oldwhalelivinginFrance.Sheisanorca(

鲸),orakillerwhale.Killerwhalesareverysmart.Theycanevenbetrainedto “speak” thehumanlanguage.

Wikieisoneofthosesmartkillerwhales.AgroupofinternationalresearchershavetaughtWikietorepeathumanwords.Nowshecansaywordslike

“

hello

”

,

“

bye-bye

”

andthename

虎

“Amy”.Shealsorepeatsnumbersaswellassoundsmadebyhumans.Wikieisaquicklearner.Sheisabletomimic(模仿)awordorsoundafterjust10tries.

AlthoughWikieisabletomimichumanwordsandsounds,thatdoesnotmeanshecanunderstandthem.JosepCallistheco-authorofthestudy.HetoldTheGuardianthatthereisnoevidence(证据)thatWikieunderstandswhat “hello” standsfor.

Inthewild,killerwhalesliveingroups.Eachgroupusesdifferentsoundsandcallstocommunicatewitheachother.Toeveryone’ssurprise,onekillerwhaleevenlearnttocommunicatewithadolphinwhilelivingwithit.

Killerwhalescanstillmakeasoundthatcomesclosetowhatotherdifferentanimalscanmake.Onlyhumanbeingshavethisability.Thediscoveryisamazing.

Scientistssaythatthismimickingabilityisveryimportant.Animalscangetusedtochangesmoreeasilyandincreasetheirchancesofsurvival(生存).

1.Fromthefirstparagraph,welearnaboutkillerwhalesare . A.thin B.smart C.lazy D.useful 2.WhatcanWikiedoaccordingtothepassage? A.Shecandancetomusic. B.Shecanrepeathumanwords. C.Shecanunderstandhumanwords.

D.Shecanmimichuman’saction.

3.Fromthethirdparagraph,wecaninfer(推断) . A.Wikiecan’tunderstandthemeaningofhumanwords B.Wikiejustcanrepeatsomehumanwords C.Wikiecancommunicatewithsomehumanwords D.Wikiecanmimichumanactions 4.Whichdiscoveryisamazing?

A.Killerwhalescanmimicotherdifferentanimals’sound. B.Killerwhaleslikelivingingroups. C.Killerwhalesgetusedtochangesmoreeasily. D.Killerwhalescancommunicatewithhumanbeings. 5.What’sthebesttitleforthepassage? A.Wikie’sunusualability B.Astudyaboutkillerwhales C.Theimportanceofmimickingability D.Howtocommunicatewitheachother

B [2019·原创]

Whatcolorisatennisball?Askyourclassmates,andtheymightgiveyousomesurprisinganswers.

TheUSmagazineTheAtlanticasked30,000peoplethisquestion.Amongthem,52percentsaidtennisballsaregreen,42percentsaidtheyareyellow,and6percentwentwithothercolors.

AccordingtotheInternationalTennisFederation,tennisballsareyellow.Sowhydidsomanypeoplesaythatthey’regreen?

Whenwefirstseeanobjectinnaturallight,ourbrainsrecognizeitstruecolor.Eveniftheobjectisseenindifferentkindsoflightlater,ourbrainscanstilltellitstruecolor.Scientistscallthiscolorconstancy(性

).Forexample,weknowthatChina

恒

常’

sflagisred.Whenweseeitduringsunsetorunderpurplelight,westillknowthatitisred,evenifitlookslikeadifferentcolor.

However,thecolorofatennisballisnotaspure(纯的)astheflag.Itappearstobeacombination(结合)ofyellow,a “warm” colorandgreen,a “cool” color.

AccordingtoTheAtlantic,whenourbrainstrytofigureoutwhatcolortheballis,somepeopleignore(忽略) “cool” colors,suchasgreen,blueandpurple.Sotheyseetheballasbeingyellow.Butothersignore colors,suchasred,yellowandorange.Theyseetheballasbeinggreen.

Itisnotjusttennisballsthathavesuchaconfusingcolor.In2015,agirlpostedapictureofadressonline.Somepeoplebelievedthedresswasblackandblue

—

“

warm

”

butothersthoughtitwasgoldandwhite.Theyhaddifferentopinionsbasedonwhethertheyignored “cold” or “warm” colors.

1. ofpeoplesaidtennisballsaregreenaccordingtothesurvey. A.52percent B.42percent C.32percent D.6percent

2.Whencanourbrainsrecognizetheobject’struecolor? A.Whenweseetheobjectagainandagain. B.Whenwefirstseetheobjectinnaturallight. C.Whenweseetheobjectatlast. D.Whenwediscusswithothersatfirst.

3.Thecoloroftennisballisthecombinationof kindsofcolors. A.two B.three C.four D.five

4.What’sthemeaningoftheunderlinedphrase “figureout” inChinese?