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2012届高考英语专题总复习语法系列训练状语从句

一、时间状语从句

（1）从属连词when, while与as 连词 用法 从句的动作和主句的动作可以同时发生，也可以先后发生。可以指时间的某个点，也指一段时间。 从句谓语动词 意义 例句 When they heard the news, they all jumped whit joy. （从句动作在先） I owed Jack $100 when I was in London.（同时发生） when 延续性动词 非延续性动词 当……时候 as 从句的动作与主句延续性动词 的动作同时发生。非延续性动可以指时间的某个词 点，也指一段时间。 The students sang as they ①随着……；walked.（walked延续动词） ②一边……；As he stood up, he dropped 一边…… the glass, breaking it ③当……时候 into pieces.（stood up非延续动词组） While I was reading, he came in. （用进行时态） 当……时候； I made some foreign 在……期间 friends while I was in London.（be+表语结构） 从句的动作与主句的动作同时发生，强调一段时间。从while 句常用过去进行时态或一般过去时态（状态动词be+表语） 延续性动词 注意：①when还可作并列连词，其意义为“那时、这时”，相当于and at this/ that time. Somebody was doing something when…

Somebody was about to / going to do something when… Somebody had just done something when…

如：We were having a meeting when someone broke in.

We were about to set off on our way when it suddenly began to rain. 此外when还表示原因“既然”。如： It was foolish of you to take a taxi； when you could easily walk there in five minutes. ②while作为并列连词，意为“而，却”，表示对比。 He likes pop music, while I am fond of folk music.

When / While / As I was walking down the street, I came across an old friend of mine. ①Don’t be afraid of asking for help it is needed. A．unless B．as C．although D．when

②Why do you want a new job you’re got such a good one already? A．that B．where C．which D．when ③I was about to leave my house the phone rang.

A．while B．when C．as D．after ④It seemed only three minutes he got everything ready. A．before B．after C．till D．as

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（2）从属连词：as soon as, immediately, directly, the moment, the minute, no sooner…than…,hardly / scarcely…when…, “一……就……”。once（一旦……就……）。 Once you remember it, you’ll never forget it.

The moment I heard the voice, I knew father was coming. The boy burst into tears immediately he saw his mother.

No sooner had we arrived at the station than the train left. （倒装）

I had hardly got home when it began to rain.→Hardly had I got home when it began to rain.

（3）till, until (not… until / till…)“直到……才” 连词 用法 动词 主句的动词为延续性动词 主句的动词为非延缓性动词 意义 一直到……为止 直到……才 例句 I’ll stay here till / until the rain stops. He didn’t go home till / until he finshed his homework. till / 主句和从句until 都用肯定式 not…till 主句用否定/ 形式，从句用until 肯定形式 注意：①till不可以置于句首，而until可以置于句首。如： Until you told me I had no idea of it. ②not until置于句首时要倒装。如：

Not until he pointed it out did I realize my mistake. （4）every time, each time, next time等名词短语用来引导时间状语从句，表示“每当……，每次……，下次……”。

Every / Each time I was in trouble, he world come to help me out. Next time you come, do remember to bring your son here. （5）从属连词：before（在……之前）、after（在……之后）、since（自从……以来）。如： Please remember to turn off all the lights before you leave the classroom. What did you do after you returned home?

She has been working in this factory since she left school. 注意：①上述三个连词，既是从属连词，也是介词。 ②若表达“还未……就……”“不到……就……”“……才……”“趁，还没来得及”时，需用连词before。如：

We had sailed four days and four nights before we saw land.(before前面是时间段) We hadn’t run a mile before he felt tired.(before前面是距离段) Please write it down before you forget it.

Before I could get in a word, he had measured me. 二、原因状语从句

（1）because, as, since, now that, seeing that, considering that，每个连词的含义不尽相同。 区别 项目 because为 as 因位置 内涵 语气 强 能否回答why 能 能否被强调 能 主句前或后 直接因果关系 主句前或后 双方都知道的原因 since / now 主句前 that 既然 弱 不能 不能 用心 爱心 专心 - 2 -

when 主句前或后 如：—— Why are you absent from the meeting? —— Because I am ill.

As it is raining, we shall not go to the park.

Now that / Since everybody is here, let’s begin our meeting. 三、条件状语从句

（1）引导条件状语从句的从属连词有：if, unless(=if…not )（除非），so(as)long as（只要）,in case（万一）,on condition that（条件是）, suppose / supposing（假设）,provided / providing that等。如：

You’ll fail the exam unless you study hard. (=if you don’t study hard.) As long as you don’t lose heart, you will succeed.

Supposing (that) they refuse us, who else can we turn to for help? In case there is a fire, what will you do first?

I will go provided / providing that my expenses are paid. 四、地点状语从句 （1）引导地点状语从句的从属连词有：where（在……地方/去……地方）wherever（无论在……地方/无论去……地方）如：

We should go where the Party needs us most. You are free to go wherever you like.

Where there is a will, there is a way. 有志者，事竞成。

Wherever there is smoke, there is fire. （无火不生烟）无风不起浪。 （2）注意区分where引导的定语从句与状语从句。

You’d better make a mark where you have any questions. （状语从句）You’d better

make a mark at the place where you have any questions.（定语从句） 五、让步状语从句

（1）although / though（尽管，虽然）,even though / even if（既使） Although与though两者意思相同，一般可互换，都可以与yet，still或nevertheless连用，但不能和but连用。如：

He is unhappy though / although he has a lot of money.

Although / Though it was raining hard, yet they went on playing football. 注意：though还可用作副词，意为“可是，然而”，置于句末。如： He said he would come, he didn’t, though.

Even though / if it is raining, we’ll go there.（陈述语气，指下雨发生的可能性很大。）

Even if I were busy, I would go.（虚拟语气，完全不可能“忙”。） （2）as引导让步状语从句须倒装

as从句一般放在主句之前，须用倒装语序。从句中的表语、状语或动词原形置于句首。若表语是名词，前置时要省略冠词。如： Child as he is, he knows a lot.

Much as I like it, I won’t buy it, for it’s too expensive. Try as he might, he could not find a job. （3）Whether…or…（不管……还是……）

疑问词+ever与no matter+疑问词（不管……，无论……）如： Whether you believer it or not, it is true.

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